Muaj ntau hom nceb hauv ntiaj teb. Ib tug ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub hav zoov yog grey kab nceb. Tsis yog txhua tus neeg khaws cov nceb, ob qho tib si cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov amateurs, paub txog cov nceb no. Hauv qhov no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb kom paub seb nws zoo li cas thiab nws txawv li cas ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg.
Npauj npaim no noj tau (4th qeb).
Cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog kab
Ua ntej peb mus rau qhov kev piav qhia thiab duab ntawm kab grey, peb yuav nthuav qhia cov ntaub ntawv dav dav txog txhua kab nceb. Lub npe no nyob rau hauv Russia muaj ob peb outwardly zoo sib xws genera ntawm tsev neeg Ryadovkovye. Tab sis qee cov nceb ntawm lwm hom ntawm tib tsev neeg kuj tuaj yeem hu ua tib yam.
Rau ntau dua, cov no yog cov fungi ntawm genus Tricholoma. Piv txwv li, liab doog, lilac-ko taw thiab violet belongs rau lub genus Lepista, thiab May-kab belongs rau genus Calocybe. Ntxiv mus, cov fungi no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau cov genera sib txawv tsuas yog raws li cov cim microbiological, thiab raws li cov ntaub ntawv sab nraud, lawv yuav luag txhua yam zoo sib xws - ib daim ntawv, lawv loj hlob hauv kab, tib yam tsis hnov tsw. Cov mycologists lawv tus kheej tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev, uas yog vim li cas ntau hom wanderinglos ntawm txawv genera. Lawv lub ntsiab feature yog tias lawv loj hlob hauv pab pawg (kab).
Koj tuaj yeem paub txog ib yam ntawm cov nceb - kab grey (duab thiab piav qhia hauv kab lus) los ntawm kev nyeem cov khoom hauv qab no. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg xaiv nceb kom paub tias ntawm lawv, hmoov tsis, muaj cov tshuaj lom, txawm tias tsis ua rau tuag taus. Qhov phem tshaj plaws uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim yog mob plab hnyuv mus ntev. Hmoov tsis zoo, txawm tias cov nceb no muaj ntau, lawv tsis pom zoo.
Tus genus no tau txais nws lub npe rau nws qhov peculiarity ntawm kev loj hlob - hauv pab pawg (hauv kab lossis hauv ib lub nplhaib).
Ryadovki yog ntau hom nceb, uas muaj ntau tshaj 2.5 txhiab hom. Rau cov nceb pickers, tsuas yog ob peb hom yog qhov tshwj xeeb - txog 5, uas tsuas yog 3 hom noj tau thiab 2 yam khoom noj tau.
Kev cais kab rau hauv hom khoom noj thiab tshuaj lom
Ntawm cov kab uas noj tau ntawm kab, cov kab hauv qab no yuav txaus siab rau cov nceb nceb:
- kab grey (kev piav qhia thiab duab tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus);
- bored;
- poplar;
- green (greenfinch);
Mayskaya (May nceb).
Ntawm cov kev noj qab haus huv tuaj yeem pab tau:
- paj;
- yellow-xim av;
- yellow-red.
Lwm hom ntawm cov nceb no yog hom nceb inedible thiab txawm muaj tshuaj lom (tshwj xeeb yog tsov kab). Hauv qhov no, tsuas yog cov kws paub txog nceb pickers sau lawv noj. Tus so zoo duatsis txhob sau lawv thiab zam lawv tag nrho.
Law grey: duab thiab piav qhia
Tricholoma portentosum yog ib hom nceb loj loj. Ryadovka grey tau txais nws lub npe, raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, rau lub peculiarity ntawm loj hlob nyob rau hauv kab thiab rings thiab rau lub grey xim ntawm lub kaus mom. Feem ntau nws tseem hu ua kab kab lossis nas vim nws qhov zoo ib yam thaum muaj hnub nyoog me me rau tus nas grey. Nws belongs rau agaric nceb.
kab grey zoo li cas? Cov spores tsim nyog rau kev yug me nyuam ntawm cov fungus yog nyob rau hauv daim hlau. Cov tom kawg yog dav nyob rau hauv cov duab, heev sparse, me ntsis sinuous. Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas nceb, lawv yuav luag dawb nyob rau hauv cov xim, thaum nyob rau hauv ntau mature sawv daws yuav grey, nrog ib tug yellowish tinge. Lub kaus mom ntawm kab grey yog fleshy nrog wavy npoo thiab me ntsis pom pom dubish radial fibers. Cov nceb hluas muaj cov kaus mom sib npaug, thaum cov laus tsis sib xws, feem ntau prostrate, nrog ib tug tubercle ca hauv nruab nrab. Thiab cov npoo ntawm lub kaus mom ntawm cov nceb me me yog qhwv me ntsis, thaum cov nceb paub tab tawg dhau sijhawm, khoov.
Los ntawm cov xim ntawm lub kaus mom, lawv feem ntau daj ntseg lossis grey tsaus, tab sis feem ntau pom muaj xim liab, txiv ntseej thiab lilac ntxoov. Qhov saum npoo yog du, slimy thiab nplaum nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntub, uas yog vim li cas nplooj thiab nyom lo rau nws. Cov ceg ntawm kab grey yog me ntsis thickened, cylindrical, du thiab ntom, longitudinally fibrous thiab tob cog rau hauv nplooj los yog moss. Cov nqaij grey-daj-dawb nyob rau hauv lub hau yog ntom, tab sis nkig, thiab nyob rau hauv qia -xoob thiab fibrous.
Nws ntseeg tau tias cov nceb muaj ib qho me me tsw tsw qab thiab saj. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev xav ntawm cov nceb pickers tias nws tsis hnov tsw zoo li tus ntxhiab tsw ntawm stale, damp thiab musty hmoov, thiab nws yeej tsis ntsim.
Autumn kab nceb. Lub kaus mom grey pom meej meej nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg hav zoov. Qee cov qauv kuj tuaj yeem pom nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov (Lub Yim Hli), tab sis kev caij nkoj hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg (Lub Cuaj Hli-Lub Kaum Hli) yog qhov tshwj xeeb heev.
Nws ntseeg tau tias cov nceb no muaj qhov saj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua hom kev noj qab haus huv ntawm kab.
Yuav ua li cas paub qhov txawv ntawm cov nceb tsis tuaj yeem?
Muaj ntau yam nceb zoo sib xws rau kab grey. Ntawm ntau hom muaj cov kab grey kab mob lom, yog li ntawd, ua ntej sau lawv, ib tus yuav tsum kawm txog lawv qhov zoo sib xws thiab qhov sib txawv kom zoo.
Feem ntau nws zoo li kab grey taw qhia kab. Nws yog inedible vim nws iab saj. Nws muaj tib lub kaus mom grey, thiab nws tseem tawg ntawm cov npoo. Tab sis nyob rau hauv no nceb, qhov chaw ntawm lub hau yog ib tug taw tes, muaj zog protruding tubercle. Nws tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm ob qho tib si los ntawm cov tawv nqaij thiab cov phiaj: nyob rau hauv taw tes lawv yog greyish-dawb, thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug grey lawv yog yellowish-dawb. Thiab qhov loj me, cov kab taw qhia yog nyias thiab me dua, thiab nws tsis loj hlob hauv pawg loj, zoo li grey edible ib.
Cov ntsiab lus ntawm qee hom zoo sib xws
Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, inedible, edible thiab tshuaj lom (tsis muaj tshuaj lom) nceb tuaj yeem pom ntawm kab:
- lub ntiaj teb kab(semi-edible), tus yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg, nyias daim hlau thiab fiber ntau scaly nto ntawm lub hau;
- kab txawv (semi-edible), muaj ntxhiab tsw tsw thiab ceg ntsuab, xim av lossis xim dawb;
- xab npum kab (inedible), xim ntau tusyees thiab nrog ib tug muaj zog tsw ntawm ntxhua khaub ncaws;
- kab taw qhia (me ntsis tshuaj lom), tus yam ntxwv los ntawm lub kaus mom nyias cov tshauv, nrog cov pom pom conical tubercle nyob nruab nrab, nrog rau cov tawv nqaij hlawv hauv saj;
- brindle kab (loj thiab lom heev), tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub hau grey npog nrog cov nplais me me thiab cov nqaij tawv, uas tig liab liab thaum kov thiab txiav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm qia.
kab grey loj nyob qhov twg?
Cov nceb feem ntau loj hlob nyob rau thaj tsam huab cua ntawm sab qaum teb hemisphere: hauv Canada, North America, Western, Northern thiab Eastern Europe, nyob rau sab hnub tuaj. Lub ntsiab cheeb tsam ntawm Russia loj hlob: Central Russia, lub Urals, Siberia (Novorossiysk), Crimea.
Lub sijhawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo feem ntau pib txij thaum pib lub Cuaj Hli thiab xaus rau lub caij ntuj sov (kawg lub Kaum Ib Hlis). Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo loj tshaj plaws yog txij thaum lub Cuaj Hli mus txog rau thawj ib nrab ntawm Lub Kaum Hli.
Feem ntau, cov kab grey edible yog muaj nyob rau hauv coniferous (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ntoo thuv) thiab sib xyaw hav zoov thiab, raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv cov av xuab zeb, nyob rau hauv mosses thiab nyob rau hauv nplooj-coniferous litter. Nws loj hlob tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv pawg. Nws feem ntau pom nyob rau tib qhov chaw uas muaj greenfinch, thiab lawv lub sij hawm loj hlob yog ib txhij. ATneeg ntseeg hais tias tus piav rowing yuav luag ib tug muam ntawm greenery, yog vim li cas tej zaum lawv hu ua ntsuab.
Daim ntawv thov
Txawm hais tias nws cov tsos tsis zoo, kab grey muaj qhov saj zoo heev. Cov tau piav qhia yog tsim nyog rau ntau hom kev ua. Nws tuaj yeem khov, khaws, khaws cia, boiled, kib thiab qhuav. Thaum ua noj, koj tuaj yeem siv cov nceb me me thiab cov laus heev.
Ua ntej ua nceb, nws raug nquahu kom ntxuav kom huv si thiab yaug lawv los ntawm cov seem ntawm nplooj thiab lub ntiaj teb, thiab tev lub kaus mom. Tom qab boiling, lub pulp ntawm grey kab hloov nws cov xim rau grey-dawb nrog ib tug faint chestnut tint.
txiaj ntsig thiab contraindications
Zoo li tag nrho lwm cov nceb, grey rowweed muaj cov kab ke uas tseem ceeb rau tib neeg lub cev. Lawv muaj cov vitamins ntawm pawg A, B, PP, tooj liab, zinc thiab manganese. Cov ntsiab lus muaj protein ntau hauv lawv zoo kawg nkaus ua ke nrog cov ntsiab lus calorie tsawg, yog li lawv zoo meej rau kev noj zaub mov zoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias muaj tshuaj tua kab mob kuj pom nyob rau hauv lub pulp ntawm rowweed, txawm tias nyob rau hauv me me.
Kab yog siv los kho tus kab mob. Cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab mob yog tsim los tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov neeg uas muaj kab mob ntawm lub plab, gallbladder thiab lwm yam kab mob zoo sib xws yuav tsum tsis txhob tsim txom kab ntau dhau los tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim.
Npauj npaim piav saum toj no yogfeem ntau noj. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws saj, nws yog ib tug zoo cwj pwm los ntawm cov kws nceb pickers thiab tsuas lovers ntawm nceb mus yos hav zoov. Tab sis nrog tag nrho cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, nws yuav tsum tau noj nrog ceev faj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nyoos. Mushrooms nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no ua rau indigestion.
Zoo kawg
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los sau cov kab grey hauv hav zoov huv si, vim tias lawv nquag nqus cov tshuaj phem los ntawm huab cua. Koj yuav tsum tau ua cov txheej txheem sau qoob loo kom zoo thiab ua tib zoo kom tsis txhob yuam kev tuaj tos cov txheeb ze - grey kab cuav.
Mus rau hauv hav zoov, koj yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm koj txoj kev paub txog nceb. Kev tso dag nrog lawv yog qhov tsis xav tau, vim tias qhov yuam kev hauv kev sib dhos tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tshwm sim loj thiab tsis txaus siab.
Yog li, nrog txoj cai, ceev faj thiab ua kom zoo, koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm cov nceb no yuav coj tau txiaj ntsig thiab txaus siab xwb.
