Reserve "Ubsunur Hollow". Biosphere Reserve nyob rau hauv Tyva koom pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation

Cov txheej txheem:

Reserve "Ubsunur Hollow". Biosphere Reserve nyob rau hauv Tyva koom pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation
Reserve "Ubsunur Hollow". Biosphere Reserve nyob rau hauv Tyva koom pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation

Video: Reserve "Ubsunur Hollow". Biosphere Reserve nyob rau hauv Tyva koom pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation

Video: Reserve
Video: List of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves in China | Wikipedia audio article 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Tau yog hnub uas tag nrho lub ntiaj teb yog ib qho xwm txheej loj. Tib neeg tau ua txoj haujlwm zoo thiab hloov kho lub ntiaj teb raws li nws txoj hauv kev, kho nws kom haum rau nws tus kheej. Thiab qhov deb, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj yog qhov tsis tau kov, qhov chaw zoo nkauj rau peb, qhov twg tsis muaj dab tsi hloov tau ntau txhiab xyoo…

reserve ubsunur phiab
reserve ubsunur phiab

Ntawm tseg ntawm Russia: npe

Ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias Federation, hmoov zoo, muaj ntau qhov chaw zoo li no. Lawv nyiam cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi thiab ua tib zoo tiv thaiv los ntawm lub xeev. Muaj ntau pua ntawm lawv, thiab txhua tus yog tshwj xeeb hauv nws txoj kev. Cov xwm txheej nto moo tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia:

  • Barguzinsky State Biosphere Reserve - nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntawm Lake Baikal, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm Barguzinsky Range. Lub hom phiaj ntawm nws cov creation: kev khaws cia ntawm cov plaub hau-cov neeg sawv cev ntawm fauna.
  • Ussuri Nature Reserve - nyob hauv thaj chaw Primorsky. Lub hom phiaj yog khaws cov ntoo coniferous thiab broadleaf.
  • Great Arctic Nature Reserve - nyob ntawmIslands nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv Arctic thiab Taimyr Peninsula. Lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau txuag hom noog tsawg.
  • Reserve "Stolby" - nyob ntawm sab xis ntawm Yenisei. Lub hom phiaj yog khaws cia cov tsiaj tsis tshua muaj tsiaj thiab vertebrates.
  • Baikal Nature Reserve - nyob ib puag ncig Lake Baikal. Lub hom phiaj yog los khaws cov nroj tsuag tsawg, tsiaj txhu, noog thiab ntses.
  • Altai Reserve - nyob rau hauv lub roob ntawm tib lub npe. Lub hom phiaj yog khaws cia ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov pas dej, cov nroj tsuag roob hav zoov thiab cov tsiaj tsis tshua muaj - cov tsov txaij daus.
  • Valley ntawm Geysers - nyob hauv Kamchatka thiab yog ib qho ntawm xya qhov kev xav ntawm Russia. Lub hom phiaj yog khaws cia geyser teb, uas tsis muaj analogues hauv Eurasia.
  • Caucasian Reserve - nyob rau sab qab teb thiab sab qaum teb ntawm Western Caucasus. Lub hom phiaj yog khaws cia cov tsiaj tsis tshua muaj: aurochs thiab bison.
  • Sayano-Shushensky Nature Reserve - nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Krasnoyarsk Territory, hauv Yenisei River phiab. Lub hom phiaj yog cawm tsob ntoo cedar thiab daus tsov txaij.
  • Far Eastern Marine Reserve - nyob hauv Gulf of the Hiav Txwv Nyiv. Lub hom phiaj yog khaws cia cov tsiaj tsis tshua muaj marine thiab ntug hiav txwv dej thiab fauna.
Tyva Republic
Tyva Republic

Reserve "Ubsunur hollow" - lub hlaws ntawm Russia

Nws hais txog qhov chaw no uas peb yuav qhia hauv peb tsab xov xwm. Cov npe ntawm cov reserves los ntawm cov npe saum toj no feem ntau paub zoo rau Russians thiab tsis yog xwb. Cov chaw no yog cov chaw mus ncig ua si nrov thiab ntau tus neeg ncig teb chaw tau muaj hmoov zoo tuaj xyuas lawv.

Qhov xwm txheej txawv me ntsis nrog Ubsunur phiab, nyob rau ntawm heevciam teb ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Tyva (Russia) thiab Mongolian People's Republic. Qhov chaw cia no yog lub pearl tiag tiag ntawm lub ntiaj teb, qhov chaw ntawm qhov tsis tshua muaj kev zoo nkauj, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem tau txais nws. Tom qab tag nrho, "plhaub" ntawm cov roob siab ntseeg tau zais lub phiab los ntawm qhov muag tsis pom … Tab sis tsuas yog cov uas tswj tau tuaj ntawm no tuaj yeem hais tias lawv tau pom txhua yam hauv lub neej!

piav qhia lub phiab

Ubsunur hollow shocks txawm tias cov neeg taug kev zoo nkauj. Nws versatility tsuas yog incomprehensible. Lub hnub dig muag, qhov kawg xiav saum taub hau, dune suab puam, ncig lub pas dej nrog lub nplhaib golden. Nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm lub pas dej - lush thickets ntawm reeds. Nyob ib ncig ntawm cov suab puam - sagebrush steppes, thiab saum toj no - roob nrog alpine meadows thiab hav zoov. Crystal dej ntws los saum toj mus rau hauv qab. Cov ridges kaw qhov chaw, thiab zoo li tus neeg hauv qab no tias nws tau poob rau hauv qee yam khoom siv dag zog lub thawv.

nto moo reserves ntawm Russia
nto moo reserves ntawm Russia

Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev cia

Qhov cia "Ubsunur Hollow" yog qhov tshwj xeeb tiag tiag. Txhua tus neeg paub zoo, paub tseeb, yuav nug nws tus kheej cov lus nug: yuav ua li cas cov roob, thiab steppes, thiab suab puam, thiab pas dej nyob hauv ib qho chaw?! Tab sis qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm Ubsunur phiab, uas nws sib txuas ntau yam ecosystems thiab yog "sau" ntawm yuav luag txhua thaj chaw ntawm huab cua huab cua. Ntawm no, cov suab puam xuab zeb thiab clayey, qhuav thiab siab- nyom steppes, hav zoov-steppe, deciduous thiab cedar forests, qhuav thiab marshy barrens thiab tundras nyob ib leeg.

Thiab tag nrho qhov "kev ua yeeb yam ntawm toj roob hauv pes", tag nrho cov qauv ntawm Lub Ntiaj Tebpob - hauv thaj chaw me me!

Geographic yam ntxwv

Lub Ubsunur Hollow Reserve nyob hauv plawv ntawm sab av loj Esxias. Lub tais, nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov roob, ncab rau 600 km ntev thiab 150 hauv qhov dav. Nyob rau hauv qab (nyob rau sab hnub poob) muaj ib tug loj loj (80 los ntawm 70 kilometers) lub pas dej Ubsu-Nur, uas tej zaum muab lub npe rau lub phiab. Cov kws tshawb fawb hais tias ib zaug nws yog ib daim ntawm hiav txwv. Cov dej hauv lub pas dej tseem qab ntsev los txog niaj hnub no, txawm hais tias tag nrho cov roob dej ntawm lub phiab ntws mus rau hauv Ubsu-Nur.

Los ntawm ntau sab ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, cov ciam teb yog fenced los ntawm Sangilen toj siab, sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub poob Tannu-Ola, Bulnai-Nuru, Khan-Khuhei ranges. Tsagan-Shibetu, Turgen-Ula thiab Kharhira massifs.

npe reserves
npe reserves

Cov suab puam nyob hauv lub phiab yog sab qaum teb ntawm Eurasia, thiab permafrost "oasis" suav tias yog sab qab teb tshaj plaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv cov tiaj.

Thaum kawg ntawm lub phiab

Hnub no, Ubsunur Hollow yog lub koom pheej ntawm Tuva, thiab ib zaug dhau los nws tau dhau los ua kev sib ntaus sib tua rau cov neeg nomadic uas tawm tsam lawv qhov chaw nyob hauv qab hnub. Huns, Scythians, Mongols, Turks thiab lwm pab pawg neeg legendary uas tau ntev mus rau hauv oblivion dhau ntawm no. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv tau tso lub cim xeeb ntawm lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm faus av, mounds thiab ritual pob zeb, uas harmoniously haum rau hauv lub zos toj roob hauv pes thiab muaj nuj nqis heev keeb kwm.

Thiab thaum lub sijhawm muaj kev thaj yeeb, cov neeg uas nyob hauv qab lub phiab tau noj yaj nyob hauv cov steppes thiab meadows, ua yurts, thiab cov pa taws tau nce mus rau saum ntuj uas tsis muaj qab hau …Ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los, nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, ib qho kev nyab xeeb ntawm Central Asian kev nyab xeeb tsim ntawm no, uas tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no.

lub xeev biosphere cia
lub xeev biosphere cia

Ib qho chaw npog hauv cov lus dab neeg

Qhov chaw nyuaj mus txog ntawm Ubsunur hollow ua rau nws tsis meej thiab tsis meej txawm nyob hauv qhov muag ntawm cov neeg nyob ze heev. Txhua lub sijhawm lawv tsim cov lus dab neeg, cov lus piv txwv thiab cov dab neeg hais txog lub ces kaum tshwj xeeb no. Ib qho ntawm cov lus dab neeg nthuav tshaj plaws uas cov koom pheej ntawm Tuva tuaj yeem khav ntawm yog cov lus dab neeg ntawm tus ntxhuav tsis paub qab hau. Tus protagonist ntawm kev ua haujlwm qiv nws tus Tsov tus tw zoo kawg nkaus rau tus nees kom nws thiaj li tsav tau cov kab uas cuam tshuam. Mov - nqaij qaib antlers rau lub sij hawm ntawm lub tshoob ceremony … Thiab hais txog. Thiab tus txiv neej pluag sawv saum lub roob, saib xyuas nws cov nuj nqis txawm nyob hauv hav zoov lossis hauv steppe … Thiab lawv tau ploj mus. Thiab tsis muaj leej twg yuav muab dab tsi rau tsiaj nyaum.

Fauna ntawm Ubsunur Hollow

Nws tsis yog rau tsis muaj dab tsi uas ib qho ntawm cov lus dab neeg nrov tshaj plaws nrog rau qhov chaw no qhia txog tsiaj. Lub chaw cia "Ubsunur Hollow" yog qhov chaw tshwj xeeb nrog qhov tsis nco qab. Cov fauna ntawm no yog cov nplua nuj tshaj plaws! Lake Ubsu-Nur yog lub tsev rau ntses hu ua Altai osman. Hom kab no tsis pom nyob qhov twg hauv ntiaj teb no! Thiab nyob ib ncig ntawm lub pas dej muaj cov reeds, thiab nyob rau hauv lawv muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm noog, muaj ntau yam muaj npe nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab.

tyva republic xwm
tyva republic xwm

Nyob ntawm cov tiaj, ntawm cov mounds thaum ub, koj tuaj yeem ntsib cov ntxhuav qus. Hauv av squirrels, haystacks, tarbagans thiab lwm tus nyob hauv steppe.nas. Dais thiab mos lwj roam hav zoov. Thiab lub cuab tam loj tshaj plaws ntawm Ubsunur phiab thiab tag nrho cov koom pheej ntawm Tyva yog cov tsov txaij daus thiab musk mos lwj. Cov tsiaj uas tsis tshua muaj, tshaj qhov kev hem thawj ntawm kev ploj tuag rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo nyob rau hauv kab, raug sim kom khaws cia ntawm no.

Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim cov khoom cia

Cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm Ubsunur phiab ua rau qhov chaw no zoo nkauj heev hauv qhov muag ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Tseem yuav! Tom qab tag nrho, koj tuaj yeem kawm ntau hom toj roob hauv pes thiab ecosystems yam tsis tau mus ncig ntau txhiab mais thiab tsis tas siv sijhawm zoo! Tsuas yog lub koom pheej ntawm Tyva, qhov xwm txheej uas muaj ntau haiv neeg, yuav muab cov lus teb rau ntau cov lus nug. Muaj ob peb qhov chaw zoo li no hauv Russia.

Cov neeg Lavxias tau teeb tsa lawv tus kheej lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim lub xeev biosphere cia ntawm no ntev dhau los - rov qab rau hauv yim caum xyoo dhau los. Muaj tseeb tiag, thaum xub thawj qhov project ntawm kev cia siab thoob ntiaj teb tau txiav txim siab - ib qho kev xav ntawm Russia (tom qab ntawd tseem yog USSR) thiab Mongolia. Tab sis qhov tsis muaj txoj cai lij choj rau cov khoom ntawm qhov xwm txheej no ua rau kev npau suav xaus.

Thiab tom qab ntawd sab Lavxias teb sab hauv xyoo 1993 tsim lub chaw cia "Ubsunur Hollow", uas yog nyob rau hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm UNESCO. Thiab raws nraim tib txoj haujlwm tau ua los ntawm Mongols, thaum lawv tsim lub cia "Ubsunur phiab" ib xyoos tom qab. Raws li txoj cai, cov khoom tau muab faib los ntawm ob lub xeev, tab sis qhov tseeb nws yog tib yam kab mob, nrog rau cov nroj tsuag, fauna thiab ecosystem.

nyob zoo os
nyob zoo os

Symbols of the reserve "Ubsunur Hollow"

Cov npe ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb yog ib qho khoom siv, uas yuav tsum tau uasawv daws. Tab sis tsis yog txhua tus muaj lub cim. Lub ciam teb, nyob rau hauv Ubsunur hollow, boasts nws tus kheej chij, pennant thiab emblem!

Tus chij nta xiav, ntsuab thiab xiav kab txaij (dej, ntiaj teb thiab ntuj), nrog rau cov kab liab liab ua cim lub hnub. Lub cim ntawm lub ciam teb hais txog infinity - nws yog puag ncig, nrog rau cov cim sib thooj hauv. Los ntawm lub cim ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub neej "yin" thiab "yang" xim kab txaij diverge nyob rau hauv ntau cov lus qhia. Txhua tus ntawm lawv yog lub luag haujlwm rau thaj chaw tshwj xeeb. Xim av-daj - rau cov suab puam thiab steppe; ntsuab - rau taiga; violet-xiav - rau tundra, thiab lwm yam. Lub pennant depicts ib lub cim, inscriptions, thiab kuj ib daim duab ntawm ib tug mos lwj - ib tug mos lwj nrog nqaij horns.

Pom zoo: