Himalayan bees: hallucinogenic zib mu thiab nws cov tsiaj

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Himalayan bees: hallucinogenic zib mu thiab nws cov tsiaj
Himalayan bees: hallucinogenic zib mu thiab nws cov tsiaj

Video: Himalayan bees: hallucinogenic zib mu thiab nws cov tsiaj

Video: Himalayan bees: hallucinogenic zib mu thiab nws cov tsiaj
Video: Facing the giant bees | SLICE I Full documentary 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Lub ntiaj teb no muaj tej txuj ci tseem ceeb uas neeg coob tsis tau hnov thiab tsis paub. Himalayan muv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb rau ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej no, nrog rau cov haujlwm qub tshaj plaws ntawm lub roob Nepal, hu ua "cov neeg yos hav zoov". Tsis tshua muaj neeg taug kev nce siab mus rau hauv roob thiab sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg hauv zos. Tseem muaj tsawg dua cov neeg European uas tau tswj xyuas "kev yos hav zoov", muaj kev zoo siab thiab kev hwm, thiab qhia txog qhov lawv pom.

Himalayan bees
Himalayan bees

Himalayan bees: qhov ntau thiab ntau yam

Ntau hom kab no nyob hauv roob. Nws yog noteworthy tias lawv nyob ib ncig ntawm kev sib cais. Txhua hom tau nyob hauv nws qhov ntau thiab tsis raug tshem tawm deb dhau nws ciam teb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nthuav yog cov dwarf Himalayan bees, Apis florea. Tshaj li ib puas kilometers saum toj no hiav txwv theem, lawv tsis ya nyob rau hauv, lub tsev yog tsim los ntawm ib tug honeycomb, nyob ib ncig ntawm tag nrho cov ceg. Lawv "yield" tsawg, txog li ib kilogram ntawm zib mu ib xyoos, tab sis lawv yogzoo heev pollinators.

Himalayan muv ntawm hom Apis Cerana kuj tsis yog zib mu-ntaus - tsib kilos zib mu ib tsev neeg. Tab sis lawv muaj ntau qhov zoo: lawv muaj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb (nqaij beehive decks tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv lub niches ntawm phab ntsa ntawm cov tsev nyob), tsis raug rau cov zuam thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm kev tawm tsam hornet. Lawv muaj qhov ntau thiab tsawg, thiab hauv Nepal lawv suav hais tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev yug tsiaj.

Hom kab tom ntej yog Apis dorsata. Cov Himalayan muv no loj heev, vim tias cov neeg hauv zos qee zaum hu ua huab tais muv. Cov khaus khaus uas lawv tsim kuj yog ib leeg xwb; txog li ib puas tsev neeg tuaj yeem koom ua ke hauv txhua qhov, thiab lub zes qee zaum ncav cuag ob kaum kilograms hauv qhov hnyav. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub Hive, muv tuav cov khoom dag - yees, txuas hniav lossis vaj tse.

Himalayan zib mu
Himalayan zib mu

Laboriosa piav qhia

Txawm li cas los xij, Himalayan muv yog qhov txaus nyiam tshaj plaws ntawm cov zib ntab thiab cov yam ntxwv lom neeg. Cov no yog cov kab loj tshaj plaws ntawm hom no, lawv lub cev ntev ncav cuag peb centimeters. Cov xim ntawm lub labiosa tsis yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm muv: kab yog xim dub, nrog cov kab txaij dawb ntawm lub plab ntu. Cov muv no tsuas nyob hauv hav Himalayan xwb, nyob thaj chaw ntawm sab hnub tuaj Mekong mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm Nepal, Is Nrias teb thiab Bhutan.

Himalayan bees qhov ntau thiab tsawg
Himalayan bees qhov ntau thiab tsawg

Ntau tshaj muv thiab nws tus cwj pwm zoo

Laboriosa lub neej muaj lub sijhawm nruj. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, cov muv nce siab heev nyob rau hauv lub roob, ncav lub cim ntawm 4 txhiab meters. Nyob ntawd lawv nruab ib lub zes loj,qee zaum ncav cuag ib 'meter' ntev thiab dav. Ntawm no lawv swarm thiab sau cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, thiab zib ntab ntawm Himalayan muv ntawm hom no yog "kho" tsuas yog hauv ib lub ces kaum ntawm lawv lub tsev. Nws yog recruited los ntawm lub Hive mus txog 60 kilograms. Thaum kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, cov muv tua lawv cov dej num thiab nqis mus rau hauv hav, mus rau qhov siab ntawm ib mais mus rau ib thiab ib nrab saum hiav txwv theem. Ntawm no lawv hibernate, tsim tag nrho cov pawg nyob, tab sis tsis muaj lub tsev combs thiab txo kev ua si kom tsawg.

Crazy Honey

Dab tsi qhov loj tshaj plaws Himalayan muv yog nto moo rau yog hallucinogenic zib mu. Koj tsis tuaj yeem yuav nws hauv lub khw muag khoom ze tshaj plaws, thiab nws kim heev. Cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom tau piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tsuas yog high- altitude labioses muaj lub sijhawm los sau cov nectar los ntawm rhododendron paj. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tso tawm andromedotoxin thaum flowering. Nyob rau hauv qhov ntau, nws yog lom rau tib neeg.

zib ntab sau los ntawm rhododendrons tau txais cov khoom muaj zog heev. Nws suav hais tias yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg ua si thiab muaj zog hallucinogen. Txawm li cas los xij, tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj muaj cov tshuaj zoo uas pab tau zoo hauv kev tawm tsam ntshav qab zib, kub siab thiab lwm yam kab mob loj. Tau kawg, koj tuaj yeem noj "vwm zib ntab" tsuas yog hauv koob me me xwb. Tshaj lawv yuav ua rau tuag.

Nyob rau hauv me me, medoc muab intoxication, ib qho kev xav ntawm so, me ntsis kiv taub hau thiab elation.

Rhododendrons tsis tawg txhua xyoo puag ncig, thiab cov zib ntab zoo nkauj ntawm Himalayan bees tau txais nws cov khoom tsuas yog thaum sau thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Zib ntab sau thaum kawg ntawm lub caij ntuj sov yog cua thiab noj qab nyob zoo, tab sis tsis muaj kev npau taws nrog kojdais.

Himalayan bees hallucinogenic zib mu
Himalayan bees hallucinogenic zib mu

Yos Hav Zoov

Nyob hauv roob Nepal muaj ib haiv neeg hu ua Gurung. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov txiv neej ntawm pawg neeg no yog yos hav zoov rau cov zib ntab qus. Tag nrho cov no yog cov neeg nce toj zoo heev, thiab rau Gurungs qhov no tsis yog kev ua si nawv, tab sis yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Cov menyuam yaus tuaj yos hav zoov thaum ntxov. Thaum xub thawj, lawv tsuas sau cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab nettles ntawm txoj kev mus rau qhov chaw uas Himalayan muv ua lawv cov honeycombs. Thaum laus lawm, cov tub hluas, nrog rau cov poj niam, khaws cov zes uas poob ntawm cov pob zeb thiab cov txiv neej tsis nco qab lawm.

Koj yuav tsum mus rau kaum kilometers. Nrog lawv, cov neeg yos hav zoov nqa cov pob tawb xyoob rau cov tsiaj txhu; Nyob rau hauv ib lub thawv zoo li no koj tuaj yeem tso li ob centners ntawm zib mu. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cuab yeej tshaj lij suav nrog cov ntaiv ntev ntev thiab kev tuav pov hwm hauv tsev, nrog rau cov nets los tiv thaiv lub ntsej muag los ntawm npau taws muv stings.

Cov hluav taws kub hnyiab tau ua hauv qab no. Thaum lub zog ntawm muv tawm tsam poob, tus neeg yos hav zoov nce mus txog qhov siab loj. Zaum ntawm tus ntaiv xyoob, tus gurung tuav lub pob tawb nrog ib txhais tes thiab txiav lub honeycomb nrog rau lwm tus. Cov khoom seem tseem raug coj mus - cov neeg yos hav zoov xav tau cov quav ciab ntawm cov liaj teb, thiab lawv txaus siab muag.

thiab hallucinogenic Himalayan muv zib mu
thiab hallucinogenic Himalayan muv zib mu

Kev lig kev cai

Gurung txoj kev ua neej nyob maj mam tuag. Laboriosa muv tau txo qis hauv cov lej txhua xyoo: kev hloov pauv huab cua thiab kev tshem tawm ntawm cov roob siab siab rhododendron tau cuam tshuam. Muaj zog ua rau muaj koob meej ntawm kev yos hav zoov rau zib ntab thiabtsoom fwv-sponsored home beekeeping. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tsawg thiab tsawg txaus siab rau txoj haujlwm txaus ntshai no. Thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj ntawm "vwm zib ntab" yog li txaus siab rau cov tuam txhab tshuaj uas cov cai "sau" raug xa mus rau cov neeg cog lus. Tsis txhob nco lawv thiab cov tuam txhab mus ncig ua si, koom nrog "kev yos hav zoov rau zib ntab" rau cov neeg nyiam ua si, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj thiab tshem tawm ntawm muv colonies. Raws li kev kwv yees, lwm kaum xyoo siab tshaj plaws - thiab yuav tsis muaj cov muv loj heev, tsis muaj "pob liab liab", lossis cov neeg yos hav zoov rau nws hauv ntiaj teb.

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