LaGG 3 aircraft: piav qhia, specifications, keeb kwm ntawm creation, yees duab

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

LaGG yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov pib ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj. Nws sawv hauv kab nrog Yak thiab MiG fighters, uas yog hu ua tshiab. Lub npe ntawm lub dav hlau sawv cev rau thawj tsab ntawv ntawm cov npe ntawm nws cov neeg tsim qauv - Lavochkin, Gudkov thiab Gorbunov, thiab tus lej peb txhais tau tias tsuas yog lawv lub koomhaum peb zaug xwb.

Issue history

Txawm hais tias los ntawm 1940 lub "troika" tau tawg, lawv txiav txim siab khaws lub npe - lub dav hlau LaGG-3. Thaum pib, qhov project tau ua tiav nrog tsab ntawv "Kuv" lossis lub npe ntawm tus neeg tua rog - I-22, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau hloov mus rau I-301 hauv kev hwm ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas txhua tus tsim tau ua tiav. Cov nroj tsuag nyob hauv Khimki, Moscow cheeb tsam.

Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, tsoomfwv Soviet tau tshaj tawm cov lus txiav txim los tsim lub dav hlau hauv ob qhov kev hloov pauv - ib qho yog los ua qhov siab siab nrog kev qhia ntawm M-105TK turbocompression engine, thiab tus qauv thib ob ntawm LaGG-3. aircraft raug xa mus rau pem hauv ntej-kab kev ua ub no nrog lub cav M-106P. Tab sis vim muaj teeb meem nrog kev tsim cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob, cov qauv tau tawm loslos ntawm lub Hoobkas daim kab xev nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv kiag li version.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, cov koob muaj ib puas daim ntawv luam. Thawj lub davhlau ntawm LaGG-3 lub dav hlau tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1940 thaum Lub Peb Hlis 23, thaum cov neeg German tau taug kev ncig Europe rau ib xyoos. Lub fighter tau muab tso rau hauv kev ua haujlwm thaum pib ntawm 1941, thiab nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav cov pilots ntawm 24th Fighter Regiment twb tau retrained rau nws.

Lub sijhawm ntawd, Yak-1 tau los ua tus neeg sib tw rau lub dav hlau LaGG-3. Tus thawj LaGG boards, tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm tus naj npawb 21, tau qis dua rau Yak ob qho tib si hauv cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub davhlau thiab hauv dav hlau. Lub dav hlau, tsim los ntawm Yakovlev Design Bureau, tuaj yeem tuav lub qab nthab ntawm tsib txhiab meters hauv yuav luag 5.7 feeb, thiab lub dav hlau LaGG-3 mus txog qhov siab tib yam tom qab 6.4 feeb. Txawm li cas los xij, hais txog kev ua tub rog, LaGG yeej ua tiav, vim hais tias ntxiv rau lub cannon thiab ShKAS (thawj Soviet ceev-hluav taws kub synchronous tshuab rab phom tsim rau kev lag luam aviation), ib rab phom loj-caliber kuj tau nruab rau ntawm lub nkoj.

khoom siv lub cev

Txhawm rau tsim thawj cov qauv sib xyaw ntawm LaGG-3 lub dav hlau, nws tau txiav txim siab siv lub teeb yuag ntawm delta ntoo. Tab sis los tsim nws, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau xa cov resins txawv teb chaws nrog phenol-formaldehyde, thiab Yak tau tsim los ntawm cov hlau uas tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv USSR. Tom qab ntawd cov neeg tsim qauv, sim ua raws li kev pom zoo nrog cov neeg siv khoom, txo cov hlau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm LaGG, tsim nws lub cev tag nrho los ntawm ntoo.

Delta ntoo thaum lub sijhawm ntawd yog cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb thiab muaj lub zog siab. Cov khoom hlau raug ntsia tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw uascov ntoo tsis dhau qhov kev xav tau, piv txwv li, lub cav hood yog ua los ntawm steel alloy.

Qhov txawv txav

Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm lub dav hlau LaGG-1, raws li nws tau hu ua hauv kev tsim, yog lub tis. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib thooj thiab muab tso rau hauv lub fuselage kom nws yog ib tug monolith thiab nce qhov feem pua ntawm lub zog ntawm tag nrho cov qauv ntawm lub tshuab. Ntxiv mus, ua tsaug rau xws li ib tug tis, lub aircraft tau zoo heev nyob rau hauv loj. Los ntawm daim duab ntawm lub dav hlau LaGG-3, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm tag nrho cov qauv.

LaGG ntau lawm aircraft

LaGG, loj-tsim, tig tawm kom txawv kiag li tus qauv. Ua ntej, lawv tau dhau los hnyav dua, thiab qhov thib ob, lawv qhov chaw tsis tau polished, zoo li I-301. Qhov kev tsim ntawm lub tsheb no ua rau poob qhov nrawm.

Ntxiv rau tag nrho cov saum toj no, ob lub hlis tom qab kev tawm tsam ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees hla ciam teb ntawm USSR xyoo 1941, tog tau xaj Lavochkin kom muab tag nrho cov tub rog tawm nrog cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam ntxiv, uas yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm siv. tshwj xeeb pob. Thiab rau kev siv tsheb nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, caij ski chassis yuav tsum tau nruab rau ntawm lawv.

Tom qab ntau qhov kev sim tsav ntawm LaGG-3 lub dav hlau hauv qhov teeb tsa no, Lavochkin thiab Gorbunov pom tau tias nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem txo qhov loj los ntawm ib qho twg. Vim lawv hnyav, los ntawm 1944 lub serial zus tau tej cov aircraft twb txiav lawm, txij li thaum lub Yak tig los ua ntau.siv tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab ntawd Yaks tuaj yeem hloov kho, tau txais ntau hom sib txawv.

Kev hloov kho

Kev hloov pauv dab tsi tau LaGG txhais tau tias:

1-3 series, tib yam uas cov haujlwm ceev tau txo qis vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov ua tiav.
4-7 series tawm nrog kev txhim kho carburetor.
Lub dav hlau LaGG-3-8 tau nruab nrog lub koob yees duab AFA siv hauv kev tshawb nrhiav.
Tseem muaj "tank destroyer" armed nrog rab phom tshuab thiab lub tshuab cannon. Yim caum-tsib ntawm cov qauv no tau tsim.
11th series yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua-bomber, uas muaj cov tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm lub tis tshem tawm thiab ob lub foob pob tawg tau teeb tsa, qhov chaw foob pob txog li tsib caug kilograms tau muab tso.
23rd series tau nrog tus Tsov tus tw loj.
28th series tau dhau los ua lub teeb li sai tau, rau qee tus qauv lub log tsheb tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm.
Zaj 29 tau tso tawm nrog xov tooj cua tshiab thiab lub kiv cua loj dua.
34th series tau nruab nrog 37 mm cannon thiab 12.7 mm tshuab rab phom.
35 series tau tsim nrog kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm aerodynamic.
Thiab cov koob kawg yog lub dav hlau LaGG-3-66. Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws version, nyob rau hauv uas armored iav raug ntsia thiab cov delta ntoo tau hloov nrog ntoo thuv, yog li txo qhov tshwj xeeb lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Feem ntau, ua tsaug rau qhov kev hloov kho no, lub dav hlau La-5 tau tsim.

Sib piv nrog lwm tus sib ntaus

Qhov kev sib piv tseem ceeb rau LaGG ib txwm yog Yak. Tab sis lub fighter, nruab nrog lub M-105PF engine, tsim ib tug ceev ntawm peb caug kilometers ntau tshaj lub Yak-7B. Qhov downside, ntawm chav kawm, yog lub neej ntawm LaGG nyob rau hauv hluav taws ncaj qha, vim hais tias cov ntoo yog heev flammable.

Qhov zoo dua ntawm MiG tsuas yog hauv kev kub ceev ntawm qhov siab ntawm peb txhiab meters. Txwv tsis pub, MiG muaj qhov nce siab, thiab tseem nkag mus rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua uas tsis muaj teeb meem txawm tias nyob ntawm qhov siab tshaj kaum txhiab meters. LaGG yuav tsis muaj sia nyob ntawm tsib txhiab. Tab sis nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub MiG yog Ameslikas tsim raws li ib tug high- altitude fighter nrog ib tug interceptor muaj nuj nqi. Tab sis cov riam phom ntawm LaGG tau zoo dua thiab siab dua ntawm qhov zoo. Yog vim li ntawd thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog nws tau nicknamed "lub lacquered guaranteed hleb".

Kev xav tau rau tus tsim

Tom qab kev sim ua tiav ntawm I-301, ua ntej tso lub dav hlau mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom loj, tog tau txais kev thov rov qab rau hauv lub suab nrov. Nws tau hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua lub dav hlau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, txhawm rau txhawm rau nce nws thaj tsam mus txog ib txhiab mais. Nws yog thaum ntawd cov neeg tsim qauv tau teeb tsa cov roj tso tsheb hlau luam ntxiv, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov "thov" rau lwm txoj hauv kev. Tau kawg, lawv nkag siab tias pawg hnyav kuj tseem yuav nce ntxiv. Tab sis nrog rau Yak thiab MiG, LaGG tseem tau los ua ib lub dav hlau tshiab ntawm Soviet Air Force.

Tsov rog xyoo

Txawm hais tias txhua yam kev nyuaj dhau los thaum tsim, I-301 los ntawm 1940 muaj ntau txoj hauv kevsuperior rau German fighter Messerschmitt. Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm xyoo 1941, kev hloov kho German tshiab (Bf-109F-2) tau tshwm sim, uas tau nruab nrog cov cuab yeej sib txawv, uas txhim kho aerodynamics, nrog rau cov tshuab muaj zog ntau dua tau teeb tsa thiab kaum tsib millimeter caliber phom raug tshem tawm hauv qab. lub hood.

Qhov xwm txheej tau nthuav tawm kom nthuav dav, txij li 29th series ntawm LaGG-3 lub dav hlau poob tag nrho nws qhov zoo thiab ua kom sib npaug hauv kev ua haujlwm nrog tus qauv German. Txawm hais tias rab phom tshuab ntxiv rau ntawm ib tus neeg sib tw hauv Soviet tag nrho tau tso tseg tsis yog daim npav trump.

LaGG Refinement

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub davhlau ntawm LaGG-3 tau txhim kho tsuas yog xyoo 1943. Gorbunov tom qab ntawd ua haujlwm zoo, tab sis txawm tias qhov ntawd tsis txaus los tuav tswj hwm cov neeg German. Lub dav hlau tau ua tub rog nrog rab phom 23 hli thiab rab phom tshuab hnyav, thaum caij nkoj ceev tau nce mus rau 618 mais ib teev.

Tab sis rau lub caij ntuj no hnyav ntawm 43-44, qhov no tsis txaus. Tom qab ntawd tus tsim qauv txiav txim siab muab lub zog sib txawv ntawm lub tsheb rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub hnub qub zoo li M-82 lub cav. Qhov feint no tau ua tiav ntawm tus qauv tshiab - 66. Qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv kev tsim tau raug coj los ntawm Yakovlev cov duab kos. Yog li ntawd, qhov siab tshaj plaws nce mus txog 893 meters ib feeb.

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev vam meej Yak hauv kev pabcuam, Lub Xeev Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv tau txiav txim siab txiav tawm LaGG ntau lawm ntawm ib lub tuam txhab muaj zog tshaj plaws thiab pib tsim Yakovlevs ntawm nws. Los ntawm 1943, lub rooj sib txoos ntawm LaGG-3tau tsiv mus rau Tbilisi. Lub 66th series tau ua tiav los ntawm cov nroj tsuag Georgian. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, LaGG-3-66 tau tsim nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 6528 daim. Tom qab ntawd, cov tub rog no tau koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua huab cua hla Kuban. Nws yog nyob rau hauv Georgia uas Gorbunov sim ua tsis tau tejyam rau equip lub fighter nrog M-106 los yog M-107 engine.

Specifications

Raws li cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb, LaGG-3 muaj lub fuselage ntev ntawm 8.81 meters thiab wingspan ntawm 9.81 meters. Lub tis cheeb tsam yog 17.62 square metres, uas yog me ntsis ntau dua li ntawm Yak-1 lossis MiG-3. Qhov hnyav ntawm lub xyoo 1941 LaGG-3 yog 3280 kilograms, thiab 66th series hnyav 2990 kilograms, uas yog ib puas kilograms ntau dua li ntawm nws cov neeg sib tw Yak-1. Lub zog ntawm LaGG-3-66 lub cav yog 1210 horsepower, uas yog ib puas horsepower tsawg tshaj li ntawm MiG-3.

Hauv cov ntaub ntawv ya davhlau, tau kawg, MiG tseem zoo dua, txij li nws lub qab nthab yog 11,500 meters, thaum LaGG-3-66 tom qab nws qhov kev hloov kho tshiab tau nce mus txog 9,500 meters, thaum tus qauv qub tuaj yeem nce mus txog 9,300. Qhov tseeb LaGG qauv yog 650 mais thiab qhov no yog nrog ib rab phom thiab ib rab phom tshuab, thaum tus qauv I-301 muaj thaj tsam ntawm 700 mais, suav nrog peb lub tshuab phom thiab ib rab phom.

Qee zaum rau lub foob pob hluav taws thiab ob lub foob pob, txhua qhov hnyav tsib caug kilograms, tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv qab tis. Txij lub sij hawm, nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob, cov pilots txuas ob rab phom ntxiv nyob rau hauv lub tis, nyob rau hauv lub gondolas.

Lub chassis ntawm tus fighter yogtricycle, ib lub log nyob hauv qab tus Tsov tus tw. Rau lub caij ntuj no, lawv tseem tuaj nrog kev txhawb nqa caij ski, thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov xwm txheej snowy. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov ntoo ntawm lub dav hlau tau muab khi ua ke nrog cov kua nplaum tshwj xeeb, thiab tsis yog ntsia hlau, thiab sab nraud ntawm tag nrho cov tawv nqaij tau npog nrog ntaub.