Ayan spruce yog ib tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov hom coniferous ntawm taiga Far Eastern hav zoov. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm daj ntseg undergrowth thiab ib qho tshwj xeeb npog ntawm cov nyom uas tsis zoo tsim. Nws tuaj yeem ruaj ntseg lees paub tias Ayan spruce yog ib qho ntawm cov hom qub ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntiaj teb ntawm Primorye, vim hais tias cov tsiaj nyob ze rau nws muaj nyob rau thaum ntxov raws li Middle Tertiary. Ayan spruce ntoo nyob txog 500 xyoo.
Nyob tsob ntoo
Nyob rau hauv tsos, cov nroj tsuag coniferous no zoo ib yam li Sitka thiab dog dig spruce. Qhov txawv ntawm tsob ntoo evergreen thiab zoo tib yam spruce nyob rau hauv qhov loj ntawm cov tua thiab cones, uas yog me dua li ntawm lwm hom. Qhov sib txawv no nyuaj rau pom hauv daim duab ntawm spruce, yog li nws feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog cov spruce.
Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm tsob ntoo yog li tsib caug meters. Raws li txoj cai, qhov siab dua nyob rau hauv lub roob, qhov qis dua lub crown, thiab lub thinner lub cev. Tsob ntoo muaj ib tug crown nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tsis tu ncua cone nrog ib tug taw tes saum. Cov tawv ntoo ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas spruce ntoo yog du thiab tsaus grey hauv cov xim. Tau ntau xyoo, Ayan spruce tau txais ib txheej tawv tawv. Cov koob ntawm hom no yog tiaj, thiab nws cov xim yog ci grey los ntawm hauv qab, thiab tsaus ntsuab rau saum. Cov koob yog ntev li ob centimeters. Lub cones muab ib tug glossy sheen, thiab lawv ntev yog hais txog xya centimeters. Noob ntawmspruces me me, vim li no, tsob ntoo muaj lwm lub npe - me-seeded spruce.
Ayan spruce range
Ayan spruce hlob nyob rau sab qaum teb, tab sis tsis ncav cuag sab qaum teb ciam teb, qhov twg Siberian spruces muaj ntau. Cov bass ntawm Aldoma thiab Lantar ntws, uas ntws mus rau hauv Hiav txwv Okhotsk, yog qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws uas pom tsob ntoo ntsuab no.
Nyob rau thaj tsam rau sab qab teb, cov noob me me tuaj yeem pom ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Okhotsk, uas yog ze rau cov bass ntawm cov dej nyob ze.
Nyob rau sab hnub poob, hom spruce no loj hlob nyob rau hauv nyias ntu uas ncav cuag Stanovoy Range thiab Tukuringra Toj siab, nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Yakutia.
Ayan spruce kuj loj hlob hauv Kamchatka, uas yog ze ntawm lub hav ntawm tus dej ntawm tib lub npe. Cov tsiaj no loj hlob ntawm cov kob xws li Sakhalin, Shantra thiab Kuril. Ntawm thawj cov kob, hom tshwm sim los ntawm 48 ° sab qaum teb latitude, qhov twg Ayan spruce yog hom coniferous loj. Ntawm no nws loj hlob nrog rau hauv zos firs thiab Myra firs, nrog rau tom kawg nws sib koom txoj hauj lwm tseem ceeb.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm me-seeded spruce
roob toj siab thiab toj siab yog qhov chaw tseem ceeb uas cov noob me me loj tuaj. Hauv thaj chaw ntug dej hiav txwv, nws pom muaj siab tshaj 700 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem, thiab nyob rau sab qaum teb thaj tsam siab tshaj 400 meters. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, lub conifer pom nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj huab cua ntub thiab txias thiab los nag lub caij ntuj sov. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau sab qab teb, cov ntoo ntawm hom no feem ntau qis thiab raug tsim txom.
Rau txoj siv roob thiab hauv hav dejAyan spruce yog qhov tsawg dua li qhov chaw saum toj no.
hom kab no tsis loj hlob ze permafrost thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas tsis muaj dej noo. Hauv thaj chaw swampy, ntoo loj hlob stunted thiab stunted. Hauv qhov chaw uas muaj qhov ntxoov ntxoo tuab, tsob ntoo loj hlob zoo thiab ua tiav nws tus kheej-sows.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas undergrowth tshwm sim feem ntau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas muaj ib nrab-dag stumps, ntoo thiab lwm yam hav zoov humus. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam qhib nrog loamy av, cov ntoo hluas feem ntau tuag los ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav lig frosts.
tsob ntoo coniferous no xav tau ntawm av. Nws loj hlob feem ntau nyob rau nruab nrab moist loam. Nws tuag ntawm cov xuab zeb thiab peaty av. Qee zaum loj hlob ntawm cov av nrog pob zeb thiab rubble. Nws tsis zam kev hloov pauv, pruning ntawm cov ceg ntoo thiab cov pa phem. Ayan spruce, cov lus piav qhia uas peb tab tom txiav txim siab hauv kab lus no, tau yoog zoo rau lub caij ntuj sov luv luv.
Siv Ayan spruce
Cov noob me me yog ib hom ntoo tseem ceeb ntawm cov hav zoov sab hnub tuaj. Nws cov ntoo yog siv tib yam li European spruce ntoo, tab sis cov khoom siv ntawm Ayan spruce yog me ntsis zuj zus. Tshwj xeeb, ntoo mus rau kev tsim cov ntawv thiab cov ntawv.
Txoj ntoo uas loj hlob ntawm cov toj siab me me muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws. Cov nyiaj tshwj xeeb tau tsim los tiv thaiv Ayan spruce, uas loj hlob hauv thaj chaw nkag tau.
Ayan spruce feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj, vim nws cov xim xiav ntawm cov koob. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov nyob rau hauv forested cheeb tsam. Saib zoo rau lwm tustsaus coniferous los yog hardwood. Qhov sib piv ntawm tsob ntoo no tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab ntawm firs hauv qab no.
tsob ntoo evergreen yog qhov zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb vim nws cov cones, uas muaj xim xim av thiab lub oval cylindrical zoo.
Yog tias koj xav cog Ayan spruce, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov hauv qab no:
- Qhov chaw uas cog spruce yuav tsum ntxoov ntxoo. Tsob ntoo tsis nyiam cov av nkos, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv cov av noo me ntsis.
- Thaum hloov pauv, spruce siv sijhawm ntev kom rov zoo thiab mob.
- Cov dej ntws tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov cib tawg, txheej txheej yuav tsum yog li 20 centimeters.
- tsob ntoo yuav tsum cog ntawm qhov tob ntawm 50-75 centimeters.
- Koj tuaj yeem "paub" spruce siv nitroammophoska chiv.
- Thaum tsaus ntuj, yuav tsum tau ywg dej tsawg kawg ib zaug ib lim tiam.
- Txhob ua kom tob tob txog 6 centimeters.
- Cov tub ntxhais hluas txoj kev loj hlob yuav tsum tau them nrog cov ceg ntoo rau lub caij ntuj no.
- Ib tsob ntoo tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam kab tsuag thiab kab mob. Piv txwv li, bud xeb thiab mob qog noj ntshav.
Ayan spruce yog qhov nyuaj rau tu. Tab sis ntau tus neeg ua teb tau ua tiav nrog qhov no, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog kev saib xyuas ntau dua thiab mob siab rau.
