Ntawm sab xis thiab sab laug ntug dej ntawm Oka River, nyob deb li ntawm 200 km ntawm Moscow, yog lub nroog zoo kawg nkaus ntawm Kaluga, nrhiav tau hauv 1371. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, lub nroog tau raug kev txom nyem heev los ntawm kev swb npaj los ntawm Zaporizhzhya Cossacks, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm hluav taws kub thiab kev sib kis. Thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1775, thaum Empress mus xyuas lub nroog, thaj chaw ntawm Kaluga pib nthuav, thiab lub nroog nws tus kheej pib tsim.
Hnub no, ntawm ntau qhov kev pom thiab qhov chaw nco, Victory Square hauv Kaluga tsim nyog saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Lub cim nco txog tau tsim tsa rau kev hwm ntawm cov tub rog poob thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob.
Victory Square hloov pauv li cas?
Lub chaw nco txog no nyob ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm txoj kev loj: Stepan Razin, Kirov thiab Marshal Zhukov. Nws muaj ob peb lub cim sculptures thiab monuments. Lub ntsiab monument mob siab rau 20th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm lub nroog los ntawm German invaders tau qhib nyob rau hauv 1966 nyob rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 28th. Tom qab 4 xyoos, Cov nplaim hluav taws nyob mus ib txhis tau teeb rau ntawm lub xwmfab, mob siab rau cov tub rog Soviet uas tau tuag thaum sib ntaus sib tua rau lub nroog. Xyoo 1973Nyob rau hauv 1998, nyob rau hauv Kaluga, Victory Square tau ntxiv nrog ib tug bronze pej thuam mounted rau ib tug monument siab 30 meters. Nws sawv cev rau Motherland, tuav hauv ib txhais tes ib tug qauv ntawm thawj satellite ntawm lub ntiaj teb, personifying qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav, thiab nyob rau hauv lwm yam ib tug tsim ribbon, raws li ib tug cim ntawm tus dej Oka. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1975, cov seem ntawm ib tug tub rog hloov los ntawm lub Ilyinsky ciam teb tau faus nyob rau hauv lub monument. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub square muaj ib tug monument nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm cov neeg raug kaw nyob rau hauv lub concentration camps thiab ib tug monument rau lub Soviet commander Marshal G. K. Zhukov.
Tam sim no, Victory Square hauv Kaluga tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov paj paj thiab txoj hauv kev. Hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov ntoo muaj cov rooj zaum xis rau cov neeg tuaj saib thiab taug kev hauv nroog. Lub pas dej nrog cov ciav tau ua ib ncig ntawm lub monument.
Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog?
Kaluga yog ib feem keeb kwm ntawm Russia. Lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau tus nom tswv thiab kev coj noj coj ua, xws li Tsiolkovsky, Gogol, Chizhevsky, Tolstoy, Pushkin thiab lwm tus, tau txuas nrog lub nroog no. Ntxiv rau Victory Square, muaj cov monuments hauv Kaluga uas tsim nyog saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.
Ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub nroog ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Oka muaj ib lub monument, uas tau qhib rau xyoo 1977 thiab tau mob siab rau 600 xyoo ntawm Kaluga. Cov artistic thiab architectural muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ib tug kheej kheej uas personifies lub ntiaj chaw ntiaj teb. Nyob ze yog lub siab obelisk, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm uas yog titanium bas-relief nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug profile ntawm ib tug txiv neej conquering qhov chaw. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau thaj chaw saib dav dav muaj ib lub pob zeb marble nrog cov duab ntawm K. E. Tsiolkovsky thiab 5 pedestals nrog cov duab ntawm cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm.ntawm yav dhau los. Lub lawj soj ntsuam muaj kev pom zoo ntawm tus choj Gagarinsky thiab sab xis ntawm tus dej. Lub panorama fascinates nrog nws txoj kev pom thaum yav tsaus ntuj, thaum lub teeb pom kev thiab teeb pom kev zoo.
Kev sib txuas lus nrog qhov chaw
Ntau lub monuments hauv Kaluga tau mob siab rau cosmonautics, txij li nws nyob hauv lub nroog no uas tus kws tshawb fawb zoo thiab tus tsim khoom K. E. Tsiolkovsky nyob thiab ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw tshawb nrhiav. Ob peb lub monuments tau tsim nyob rau hauv nws lub meej mom, tab sis cov duab puab nyob rau hauv Peace Square yog suav hais tias yog lub ntsiab. Nws yog lub foob pob hluav taws, ntawm ko taw uas sawv cev ib daim duab qhia txog tus kws tshawb fawb saib. Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tau nruab rau xyoo 1958.
Ib feem ntawm Cosmonautics Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv qhov qhib huab cua, qhov chaw nthuav tawm ntau lub foob pob hluav taws, cov uas Vostok foob pob hluav taws nyob hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm qhov chaw sib cais. Nws pom ntawm qhov nkag mus rau qhov keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog thiab los ntawm sab ntawm Yachen reservoir.
first flight
Tseem muaj cov monuments hauv Kaluga mob siab rau thawj Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. Ib qho ntawm lawv yog nyob rau sab nraud ntawm qhov nkag mus rau Cosmonautics Tsev khaws puav pheej. Daim duab qhia txog Gagarin raws li ib tug tub hluas nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws yooj yim nrog outstretched caj npab, sim npog tag nrho lub ntuj. Lub monument tau mob siab rau 50th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm thawj tus neeg tsav dav hlau mus rau sab nrauv. Yuri Gagarin tau mus xyuas Kaluga ob peb zaug thiab tam sim no ntawm kev tso lub hauv paus pob zeb rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej yav tom ntej. Nws pov ib npib ntawm 5 kopecks, uas tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawmntau yam khoom pov thawj rau qhov chaw.
City streets
Nyob hauv Kaluga, qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog yog Kirov Street. Nrog rau nws muaj ntau qhov chaw kab lis kev cai thiab keeb kwm, nrog rau kev yuav khoom thiab kev lom zem complexes. Tsis tas li ntawm no yog cov tsev tswj hwm, xws li Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Txiav Txim Siab, lub chaw haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm Sberbank thiab lwm yam. Rau ob kilometers koj yuav nrhiav tau ob peb architectural monuments thiab lub tsev teev ntuj. Txoj kev Kirov xaus nrog ib feem me me ntawm txoj kab sib faib, uas muaj ib txoj kev mus rau tus ciav dej ntawm Victory Square.
Hauv Kaluga, Txoj Kev Teatralnaya tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, uas cov neeg hauv zos hu ua "Kaluga Arbat". Nws hla txoj kev hauv nruab nrab ntawm Kirov thiab pib los ntawm Theatre Square. Tsis muaj kev thauj mus los ntawm nws, txoj kev yog npaj rau kev taug kev, so kom txaus thiab mus xyuas cov khw me me, cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus, tsev noj mov nyob hauv cov chav qis ntawm cov tsev qub ob-zaj dab neeg. Lub pob zeb pavement nqis los ntawm toj thiab coj mus rau Qub Torg Square. Raws li txoj kev, koj tuaj yeem pom Kazan Convent, Art Gallery ntawm LA Klimentovskaya thiab Theatre of the Young Spectator.
Lub nroog nruab nrab ntawm Kaluga yog txoj hauv kev hauv xeev, khw me me, qhov zoo nkauj, architecture qub, keeb kwm monuments thiab sculptures, pawg ntseeg.
