Aralia siab: cog lus piav qhia, kev cog qoob loo, cov khoom siv tshuaj, daim ntawv thov, duab

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:01

Aralia siab lossis Manchurian (lat. Aralia elata) yog tsob ntoo qis ntawm tsev neeg Araliaceae. Nws muaj ob hom kev ua neej - tsob ntoo thiab tsob ntoo. Hauv tebchaws Russia, tsob ntoo no hu ua dab ntxwg nyoog lossis ntoo pos.

Nyob rau hauv qee phau ntawv siv tshuaj lom neeg, Manchurian aralia yog qhov txawv ntawm ib hom. Lub genus lub npe "aralia" yog haiv neeg Amelikas keeb kwm (nws tau coined los ntawm Indian pab pawg neeg).

Biological Description

Aralia tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov siab ntawm 3 txog 7 meters. Qhov no yog ib tsob nroj deciduous nrog ib tug ncaj, me ntsis branched lub cev, them nrog tsaus xim av bark (grey nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas ntoo), uas luv luv thiab tuab ntse spikes nyob. Cov tom kawg kuj muaj nyob rau ntawm petioles ntawm nplooj. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub cev ntawm tsob ntoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 20 cm. Daim ntawv shrub yog ntau dua.

Cov nroj tsuag no muaj panicle inflorescences, uas feem ntau nyob rau saum lub pob tw. Lub zes qe menyuam muaj 5 lub zes. Cov paj yog me me, yellowish-dawb, nrog petals oblong-ovate thiabntev heev uas tsis yog-fused stamens.

Cov nplooj ntawm aralia siab yog loj heev (los ntawm 40 mus rau 80 cm), ob-pinnate (tsawg zaus peb zaug), teem rau kab rov tav rau ntev (txog 20 cm) petioles, stipules tsis tuaj. Txhua nplooj nplooj muaj 2-4 rov qab lobes, suav nrog ntawm 3 mus rau 13 nplooj ntawv nrog serrated npoo. Nplooj npaj - tom ntej no, kauv.

Aralia siab tawg thaum Lub Yim Hli, thiab fruiting tshwm sim rau lub Cuaj Hli. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog spherical nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab feem ntau muaj 5 noob, uas yog flattened tom qab. Kev yug me nyuam tshwm sim los ntawm cov noob los yog hauv paus cov xeeb ntxwv. Cov xim ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo siav yog tsaus liab doog lossis dub-xiav.

Lub hauv paus system yog qhov tseem ceeb (lub hauv paus tseem ceeb tau qhia zoo), ceg. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau ib txwm adventitious keeb kwm, muaj rhizomes. Cov hauv paus hniav yog ntiav, txav deb ntawm lub cev mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia radial.

Nyob rau hauv daim duab, siab aralia zoo li ib tsob ntoo zoo nkauj heev nrog ib hom sprawling crown mus txog 3 meters inch, zoo li tus fern los yog ib tug xibtes. Cov nplooj ntoo yog ci ntsuab thiab tuab heev.

Lub neej expectancy ntawm aralia siab yog 25 xyoo, uas 7-8 poob rau fruiting. Flowering pib nyob rau xyoo 5 ntawm kev loj hlob.

Habitat Halo

Aralia siab yog muaj nyob rau hauv thaj chaw hauv qab nothaj chaw:

• Japan;
• Tuam Tshoj;
• Far East;
• Peninsula Korea;
• Primorsky Territory;
• Kuril Islands;
• Sakhalin.

Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso, aralia hlob tsuas yog nyob rau hauv undergrowth ntawm mixed forests, nyob rau hauv fern fir forests los yog xyoob pob zeb birch hav zoov. Nyiam qhov chaw uas muaj teeb pom kev zoo, tuaj yeem loj hlob ntawm ib leeg thiab hauv pab pawg.

Txoj haujlwm hauv systematics

Nyob rau hauv kev faib tawm ntawm cov nroj tsuag, Aralia siab (Manchurian) tuav txoj haujlwm hauv qab no:

• Kingdom - nroj tsuag.
• Department - angiosperms.
• Class - dicots.
• Family - Araliaceae.
• genus thiab hom - Aralia siab.

Ntxiv rau cov nroj tsuag no, Aralia genus suav nrog 34 ntau hom, ntawm cov ntoo, tsob ntoo thiab cov nyom txhua xyoo. Lub shrubby daim ntawv ntawm Manchurian Aralia yog ib tsob nroj nrog ob peb ntsug trunks.

tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg

Aralia siab yog cov nroj tsuag uas muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg, uas txiav txim siab nws tus nqi tshuaj. Cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv qab no tau pom nyob hauv nws:

• alkaloids;
• flavonoids;
• coumarins;
• saponins;
• cardenolides;
• steroids (sitosterol, stigmasterol);
• roj tseem ceeb;
• triterpenoids;
• aliphatic hydrocarbons thiab lawv cov esters;
• cerebrosides;
• organicacids;
• fatty oil;
• Vitamins (B, C);
• siab fatty acids.

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob yog triterpenoids (triterpene glycosides), uas yog cov derivatives ntawm oleanolic acid. Cov hauv paus hniav Aralia muaj ntau lub tebchaw ntawm pawg no, suav nrog:

• 4 hom aralosides (A, B, C hauv cov tub ntxhais thiab G hauv cov cag ntoo);
• acandoside D;
• araloside A methyl ester;
• 6 ntau yam ntawm oleanosides (B, D, F, G, H, I);
• 2 oleanolic acid glucopyranoside;
• silphoside A;
• Narcissiflorin.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm aralosides hauv cov hauv paus hniav yog 4.5-9.4%, hauv lub cev - 2.8-4.7%, thiab hauv cov tawv ntoo - 4.8-7.5%. Triterpene glycosides kuj muaj nyob rau hauv txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab nplooj. Cov hauv paus hniav tsis tsuas yog muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg lom neeg, tab sis kuj muaj ntau cov zaub mov.

Zoo zoo thiab cog qoob loo

Aralia siab yog tsob ntoo ornamental thiab tsob ntoo uas nquag siv hauv kev tsim toj roob hauv pes. Cov hedges zoo nkauj tau txais los ntawm cov nroj tsuag no; ob pawg thiab ib qho cog yog siv hauv cov chaw ua si. Ntawm qhov chaw ntiag tug, nws tuaj yeem loj hlob rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj lossis rau cov khoom siv tshuaj.

Aralia siab muaj kev tiv thaiv siab Frost (nws tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias - 45 ° C). Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau lub caij ntuj no hnyav, kev tua txhua xyoo yuav raug kev txom nyem. Cov nroj tsuag no yog ntxoov ntxoo-tiv taus thiab undemanding rau cov av, tab sis nws yog zoo duatsim nyob rau hauv fertile av nyob rau hauv zoo lub teeb thiab nruab nrab humidity. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nrog lub caij ntuj sov kub heev, nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob cog aralia ntawm qhov chaw nyob hauv lub hnub qhib. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ntshaw tias ib feem ntawm lub hnub cov nroj tsuag nyob rau hauv lub teeb, thiab lub so ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ntxoov ntxoo.

Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev loj hlob Manchurian aralia ua tsob ntoo ornamental yog qhov loj hlob sai heev (txog 25 cm hauv ib xyoos) thiab kev saib xyuas tsis zoo. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog ua thaum cog thiab yug me nyuam.

Ua ntej cog aralia siab, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo khawb av mus rau qhov tob ntawm 30 cm, thiab tawm mus rau qhov cua. Ua ntej qhov kev tshwm sim nws tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem moisten cov av yog tias nws qhuav dhau, thiab tam sim ntawd siv chiv rau nws.

Rau cov yub, xav tau ib lub qhov tob 40 cm thiab 80 cm inch, qhov npaj av yog nchuav nrog txheej 15-cm. Cov nroj tsuag muab tso rau hauv qab yuav tsum ua tib zoo kis cov hauv paus hniav, dej thiab sprinkle nrog av mus rau sab saum toj ntawm lub qhov. Raws li kev ntsuas ntxiv, cov av tuaj yeem mulched tam sim ntawd tom qab cog.

Kev saib xyuas cov nroj tsuag los mus rau lub sijhawm xoob ntawm cov av, tshem tawm cov nroj tsuag thiab hnav khaub ncaws saum toj kawg nkaus. Vim qhov chaw nyob sab nraud ntawm cov hauv paus hniav, nws yog qhov tsis yooj yim sua kom khawb. Txhawm rau muab cov nroj tsuag kom zoo dua qub, koj tuaj yeem ua kom huv si pruning ntawm cov ceg ntoo nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav.

Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev nthuav tawm cov nroj tsuag yog cuttings, uas feem ntau yog tsim nyob ze ntawm lub cev thiab loj hlob mus txog 25 cm thaum lub caij ntuj sov.siv raws li cov noob, uas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov 6 - 10 cm tob. Txhawm rau cog, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov qauv nrog lub hauv paus zoo tsim.

Kev nthuav tawm los ntawm cov noob yog kev siv zog ntau thiab siv sijhawm, txij li lawv germinate tsis ntxov tshaj peb xyoos tom qab cog.

Daim ntawv thov

Ntawm cov ntoo ornamental thiab shrubs, siab aralia occupies ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb raws li cov nroj tsuag uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshuaj. Nws yog siv ob qho tib si hauv pej xeem thiab tshuaj ntsuab. Raws li ib tug tshuaj raw khoom, ntau yam vegetative qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag (hauv paus, tawv, nplooj) yog harvested, txhua yam muaj nws tus kheej pharmacological nqi. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab buds kuj siv nyob rau hauv pej xeem tshuaj.

Tinctures, decoctions thiab tshuaj npaj tau npaj los ntawm aralia siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tuaj yeem noj nyoos thiab siav.

Kev yuav khoom raw

Aralia cov hauv paus hniav raug sau nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav (ua ntej nplooj tawg) lossis lub Cuaj Hli. Lawv khawb nyob rau hauv kev taw qhia los ntawm lub cev mus rau lub periphery. Tsuas yog cov qauv uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 1 mus rau 3 cm yog tsim raws li cov khoom siv raw, tsuas yog cov nroj tsuag muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 5 xyoos thiaj li tau txais kev sau qoob loo.

Tom qab khawb, cov hauv paus hniav tau ntxuav kom huv si ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab cov hauv paus hniav nrog blackened hauv nruab nrab, thiab ces qhuav. Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem ua tau ntau txoj hauv kev:

• tshuab ziab khaub ncaws (kub 60oC);
• zoo ventilated chav;
• qhib cua (tsuas yog huab cua qhuav).

Cov tawv ntoo thiab nplooj yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv huab cua qhuav thaum lub sijhawmflowering lub sij hawm los yog tom qab. Kev ziab ntawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm qhov kub ntawm 50 txog 55 degrees.

Kho cov khoom thiab contraindications ntawm Aralia siab

Aralia muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv, suav nrog:

• anti-inflammatory;
• tonic;
• diuretic;
• qab zib-txo;
• hypotensive;
• tonic;
• ua pa stimulation;
• cov nyhuv cardiotonic.

Galleon npaj yog tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag no, uas muaj zog txhawb zog rau lub hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb. Aralia tinctures thiab decoctions yog dav paub. Hauv paus extract txo cov suab thaj hauv cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib. Ib qho tincture ntawm cov tawv ntoo yog siv rau cov mob nkees nkees.

Kev siv tshuaj raws li aralia siab muaj ntau yam contraindications, xws li hyperkinesis, cev xeeb tub thiab pub niam mis, hysteria, hnub nyoog txog 10 xyoo, qaug dab peg, insomnia. Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, raws li kev noj tshuaj, cov nroj tsuag muaj kev nyab xeeb. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem pw tsaug zog, kev siv aralia yav tsaus ntuj tsis pom zoo.

Tinctures

Tinctures thiab decoctions yog tsim los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Txhawm rau npaj cov tincture, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ncuav 20 grams ntawm crushed khoom nrog 70% cawv nyob rau hauv ib lub ntim ntawm 100 ml. Qhov sib tov no yuav tsum tau infused rau 15 hnub nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sov, tsaus, co qee zaus. Qhov tshwm sim yuav tsum yog cov tshuaj amber nrog ib qho qab ntxiag saj thiab tsw.

Kev siv aralia tincture yog pom zoo rau cov kab mob hauv qab no:

• kev mob hlwb tsis ntev los no;
• kev nyuaj siab;
• impotence;
• kev mob hlwb thiab lub cev ua haujlwm dhau;
• khaub thuas tsis ntev los no;
• post-influenza arachnoedititis;
• ntshav siab (hypotension);
• asthenia.

Txoj kev kho no ua rau lub hauv paus paj hlwb zoo.

Tincture haus 30-40 tee nrog zaub mov 2-3 zaug hauv ib hnub rau ob mus rau peb lub lis piam. Yog tias lub cev ua rau muaj ntshav siab, qhov koob tshuaj yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 20 tee, thiab lub sijhawm kho yuav tsum yog 2 lub lis piam.

Decoctions

Root decoction yog pab tau rau cov teeb meem xws li:

• kab mob ntawm plab hnyuv;
• cold;
• mob ntshav qab zib;
• mob qhov ncauj;
• kab mob raum;
• enuresis.

Cov cuab yeej no kuj muaj cov nyhuv tonic. Ib decoction yog npaj ntawm tus nqi ntawm 20 grams raw khoom rau 1 khob dej. Cov sib tov yog boiled rau ib nrab ib teev nyob rau hauv ib da dej, txias rau 10 feeb, lim thiab nyem, tom qab uas nws yog coj mus rau lub qub ntim nrog boiled dej.

Qhov no decoction yuav tsum muab cia rau hauv lub tub yees nkaus xwb thiab tsis pub ntau tshaj peb hnub. Lub sij hawm ntawm kev kho mob, raws li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tincture, yog 2-3 lub lis piam. Koj yuav tsum haus ib decoction peb zaug ib hnub ua ntej noj mov, ib tablespoon txhua.

Saparal

Saparal yog ib qho kev sau ntawm arolosides los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav Aralia. Cov tshuaj no muaj cov tshuaj hauv qab no rau lub cev:

• txo qis excitability;
• nce ntshav siab;
• muaj cov nyhuv stimulating thiab tonic;
• txo qis kev chim siab.

Raws li lub tonic Saparal muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau:

• schizophrenia;
• mob hlwb raug mob;
• kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm lub paj hlwb;
• cerebrovascular atherosclerosis;
• ashenoneurotic thiab asthenovegetative syndromes;
• kab mob ntawm lub paj hlwb peripheral;
• pathological menopause.

Saparal kuj tseem siv tau los kho cov kab mob hauv lub cev.