Ua ke nrog kev txhim kho ntawm evolution, muaj kev txhim kho tas li tsis yog cov cuab yeej xwb, tab sis kuj muaj riam phom. Lub banal stick thiab pob zeb, ua tsaug uas peb cov poj koob yawm txwv muaj lub sijhawm los tawm tsam thiab tiv thaiv, tam sim no tau hloov los ntawm rab phom tshuab thiab F1 grenade. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm niaj hnub riam phom yog undoubtedly ib qho kev txiav txim ntawm magnitude siab dua. Piv txwv li, coj ib tug grenade. Los ntawm kev txhais, qhov no yog ib yam ntawm cov mos txwv explosive uas yog tsim los lov tes taw cov cuab yeej ntawm cov tawm tsam los yog ua puas manpower.
Application history
Thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj, tes grenades tau siv dav. Cov foob pob tawg zoo li no tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev tawg, teeb pom kev zoo, pa taws, tiv thaiv tank thiab incendiary. Nws yog tsim nyog ntxiv hais tias thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog xyoo, kaum tawm txhiab lub chaw tsim khoom thiab ntau yam kev lag luam tau hloov dua siab tshiab los tsim cov grenades, tsis suav qhov tseeb tias ntau cov mos txwv no tsuas yog "kev tsim khoom siv tes ua", uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua.partisans.
Kev faib tawm
Txhua cov mos txwv tawg, thiab F1 grenade tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, raug faib raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab tawg thiab lub tshuab:
- hluav taws xob.
- Mechanical (nruj, tawg, tshem tawm thiab siab).
- tshuaj.
- sib xyaws.
Cov txheej txheem hluav taws xob ntawm kev xa tawm hluav taws xob yog ua tsaug rau qhov tam sim no, thaum lub foob pob tawg ncaj qha thaum qhov kev sib cuag raug kaw. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau manually los ntawm tus demoman nws tus kheej, lossis tus nqi tsis pom, xws li hauv TV teeb, yog qhib thaum lub sijhawm tus neeg raug tsim txom ntsaws rau hauv lub qhov (socket).
Txoj kev siv tshuab hais lus rau nws tus kheej, thiab tsuas yog tib neeg lub zog lossis kev cuam tshuam lub cev yog xav tau. Qhov no yog nyob deb ntawm txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws, nrog rau hluav taws xob.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tshuaj yog ua raws li kev ua ntawm qee yam tshuaj lossis feem ntau yog cov kua qaub.
Kev faib cov mos txwv raws li lawv lub hom phiaj
Tag nrho cov khoom tawg tuaj yeem muab faib raws li tus qauv ntawm lawv qhov cuam tshuam rau lub hom phiaj. Tam sim no, ua tsaug rau qee qhov kev hloov kho thiab kev txhim kho, F1 sib ntaus sib tua grenade tuaj yeem siv rau ib qho ntawm lawv. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov no tau ua los ntawm cov neeg koom siab thiab cov tub rog niaj hnub ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw ntawm CIS thiab Middle East.
- Bookmark: Txoj kev no yog vim qhov kev teeb tsa ua ntej ntawm cov khoom tawg. Raws li rau grenades, qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog "stretch", uas yog raws li lub cevdetonation los ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom nws tus kheej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si camouflaged thiab pom tseeb.
- Ib yam hu ua "mail item" uas tuaj yeem zais tau ib lub thawv ammo zoo tib yam thiab detonates thaum qhib.
Ntau yam grenades
- Manual - ua nrog tes pov.
- Tus neeg tiv thaiv - kom swb neeg lub zog.
- Fragmentation - qhov swb tshwm sim los ntawm kev tawg ntawm cov grenade.
- Kev Tiv Thaiv - kev sib kis ntawm cov khoom tawg ntau tshaj qhov ua tau ntawm qhov kev cuam tshuam, uas ua rau nws tsim nyog los tawm tsam los ntawm npog.
- Kev txiav txim nyob deb - detonation tshwm sim qee lub sijhawm tom qab pov. F1 kev cob qhia grenade muab rau 3.2 thiab 4.2 vib nas this. Lwm yam khoom siv tawg tuaj yeem muaj lub sijhawm sib txawv.
F1 grenade: yam ntxwv, kev puas tsuaj vojvoog
Los ntawm tag nrho ntau yam ntawm kev tiv thaiv riam phom, kuv xav hais txog cov hauv qab no. Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws tiv thaiv cov neeg, cov khoom siv tes tuav tawg yog suav tias yog F1 grenade. Kev ua tau zoo thiab kev tsim ua pov thawj tau zoo heev uas nws tswj tau mus ntev ntev yam tsis muaj kev txhim kho. Qhov tsuas yog qhov uas tau hloov kho yog lub fuse system thiab nws tsim.
Hom khoom tawg no yog tsim los tuav txoj haujlwm tiv thaiv thiab ntaus cov yeeb ncuab feem ntau. Qhov no yog vim qhov loj heevlub vojvoog ntawm nws cov fragments. Rau tib lub laj thawj, koj yuav tsum muab pov nws tawm ntawm lub hau (tank, armored tsheb, thiab lwm yam) kom tsis txhob ua rau koj tus kheej puas tsuaj.
Grenade F1 specifications yog raws li nram no:
- Tus naj npawb ntawm cov tawg tom qab tawg mus txog 300 daim.
- Nyhav - 600 g.
- Hom tawg - TNT.
- Npaj qhov nruab nrab 37m.
- Safe deb - 200 m.
- Lub vojvoog ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm shrapnel yog 5 m.
History of F1 creation
Nws tag nrho pib rov qab rau xyoo 1922, thaum lub chaw haujlwm ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm 'thiab Peasants' Red Army txiav txim siab los tshuaj xyuas cov phom loj. Raws li cov lus ceeb toom ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, lawv tau ua tub rog nrog 17 hom grenades ntau yam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntawm ntau qhov kev xaiv ntawm hom fragmentation-defensive cim, tsis muaj cov khoom tawg ntawm peb tus kheej tsim thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws yog vim li no tias Mills grenades tau ua haujlwm, raws li kev zam, kev siv Fabkis version ntawm F-1 cov khoom tawg tau raug tso cai. Thiab raws li qhov tseeb tias Fabkis lub fuse tsis tshua muaj kev ntseeg siab, ntau tus tsis tau qhib, thiab ntau dua li ntawd, lawv tau tawg nyob rau hauv lawv txhais tes. Tib pawg thawj coj, raws li xyoo 1925, tau tsim ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm uas tau hais tias qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom tawg no hauv cov tub rog tau txaus siab tsuas yog 0.5%. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, Artkom txiav txim siab los sim tag nrho cov qauv uas muaj nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawd. Raws li qhov no, 1914 qauv grenade raug xaiv, uas yuav tsum tau hloov kho nyob rau hauvkev txhim kho analogue ntawm Mills fragmentation system.
Yog li, Swiss fuses tau hloov pauv los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv tsev - Koveshnikov, thiab twb nyob rau xyoo 1925, thaum lub Cuaj Hlis, thawj qhov kev sim tau ua tiav, qhov kev tawg yog qhov tseem ceeb. Pawg thawj coj cov lus xaus txaus siab rau pawg neeg. Qhov no yog li cas F1 grenade tau tshwm sim, cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tshaj lij ntawm Fabkis tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm Tub Rog Liab.
Cov lus qhia rau kev siv
Yuav kom F1 grenade npaj txhij rau kev nqis tes ua, koj yuav tsum nrhiav cov kav hlau txais xov uas nyob rau ntawm tus pin kev nyab xeeb thiab unbend lawv. Cov khoom tawg tau raug coj mus rau sab tes xis, cov ntiv tes yuav tsum nruj thiab ntseeg siab nias lub zog ncaj qha rau lub cev nws tus kheej. Ua ntej pov, tus ntiv tes ntiv tes ntawm ob txhais tes yuav tsum rub tawm lub nplhaib kos. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem tuav lub grenade rau lub sijhawm ntev, kom txog rau thaum lub zog tso tawm thiab qhov cuam tshuam tus neeg tua hluav taws qhib lub fuse. Yog tias qhov xav tau ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub grenade ploj, ces tus pin tuaj yeem muab tso rov qab, thiab tom qab lub kav hlau txais xov rov qab mus rau lawv qhov qub, nws tuaj yeem khaws cia zoo.
Tom tau tshuaj xyuas tus qauv ntawm F1 grenade, koj tuaj yeem paub koj tus kheej nrog nws cov qauv, thiab vim qhov hnyav, uas zoo ib yam rau kev sib ntaus sib tua, koj tuaj yeem sim nws rau kev cuam tshuam ntau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua kev ua hauj lwm los yog tej yam kev mob nyob ze rau lawv, thawj kauj ruam yog txiav txim siab lub hom phiaj thiab xaiv lub sij hawm zoo los ua qhov pov. Thaum lub grenade nyob ntawm nws txoj kev mus rau nws lub hom phiaj,lub zog yuav siv lub siab rau tus ntaus, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav nias ntawm primer, ua rau tawg tom qab ib tug tej lub sij hawm.
Ntawm cov khoom puas tsuaj, ib tus tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog ua kom tawg tau zoo xwb, tab sis kuj muaj cov khoom tawg uas tau tsim los ntawm kev tawg ntawm lub plhaub tawg. Qhov no kuj yog vim kev siv F1 nquag thaum txhim kho "stretch marks". Yog li, yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm tawg ib tug neeg muaj peev xwm ciaj sia nyob rau hauv ib tug high-explosive shock yoj, ces cov fragments yuav tsis cia leej twg muaj caij nyoog nyob rau hauv ib lub vojvoog ntawm 5 meters.
Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tsim nyog sau cia qhov kev txawj ntse thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo uas muaj 2 lub grenades, vim tias muaj cov nyhuv anti-sapper kuj tsim. Yog li, yog tias nws tau pom los ntawm tus neeg tsis paub qab hau sapper, uas tom qab txiav cov hlua txuas, yog li detonating 2 fuses tib lub sijhawm. Muaj kev txhim kho uas tso cai rau cov grenades tua hluav taws tam sim ntawd nrog rau kev teeb tsa ntawm lub fuse tam sim no.
rau koj kev nyab xeeb
Txhawm rau zam qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev txog kev ceev faj. Ua ntej tso grenades, koj yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas lawv thiab ua tib zoo saib xyuas lub fuse. Cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tsis txhob pom tob xeb thiab muaj zog dents. Lub fuse thiab nws lub raj yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov cim qhia ntawm corrosion, tus pin yuav tsum tsis tu ncua, qhov xaus yog sib cais, thiab cov khoov yuav tsum tsis txhob tawg. Yog tias pom muaj txheej ntsuab ntawm lub fuse, tsis muaj ib qho yuav tsum tau siv lub grenade. Thaum thauj cov mos txwv, yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev cuam tshuam,dampness, hluav taws thiab av. Yog cov grenades tsau, ces koj yuav tsis qhuav lawv los ntawm hluav taws.
yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua. Txwv tsis pub nruj:
- Kov ib rab phom tseem tsis tau tawg.
- Dismanle a combat grenade.
- sim kho qhov teeb meem koj tus kheej.
- Nqa grenades tsis muaj hnab.
Analogues
Cov Fabkis fragmentation thiab lus Askiv qauv raug coj los ua lub hauv paus, ua tsaug uas F1 grenade tshwm. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm xws li ib tug symbiosis yog tshwj xeeb piv rau zoo xws li domestic explosive devices. Cov qauv no paub los ntawm nws lub npe menyuam yaus "txiv qaub". Nyob rau hauv lem, cov qauv ntawm Chile (Mk2), Tuam Tshoj (Tim 1), Taiwan thiab Poland (F-1) tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog cov ntawv luam ntawm lub grenade.
Lub Soviet version tau siv dav thoob plaws ntiaj teb hauv kev ua tub rog nto moo tshaj plaws thiab dav dav.
Unique F1 grenade
Qhov tseeb, qhov tseeb tias hom mos txwv no tsis tas yuav hloov kho rau lub sijhawm ntev heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias F1 grenade yog suav tias yog ib qho kev txhim kho zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov cuab yeej no zoo heev, thiab kev tsim khoom yog qhov yooj yim, txij li thaum pib ntawm 1980 muaj cov khoom lag luam loj loj hauv cov tsev khaws khoom, tag nrho cov khoom tau ua haujlwm. Tam sim no, lawv nyob twj ywm, yog tias tsis yog hom zoo tshaj plaws, ces lub sijhawm sim.
Tej zaum tom qab ib ntus tshiab yuav raug tsim, tag nrhoCov hom tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsis muaj tag nrho cov kev tsis txaus ntawm cov mos txwv qub thiab yuav muaj kev ntseeg siab rau lawv qhov chaw, tab sis lub sijhawm F1 grenade tseem yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws. Cov yam ntxwv (tus kws tshaj lij cov lus pom zoo lees paub qhov no) ntawm cov khoom siv tawg tshiab muaj qee qhov zoo dua, tab sis tseem tsis tau hu lawv qhov zoo tshaj plaws hloov pauv rau hom qub ntawm grenades.
