Ural economic cheeb tsam - forge ntawm Russia

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:59

cheeb tsam Ural kev lag luam npog thaj tsam ntawm xya qhov kev kawm ntawm Lavxias Federation: Udmurtia thiab Bashkortostan, Perm, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Sverdlovsk thiab Orenburg cheeb tsam. Cov ciam teb ntawm thaj av npog thaj tsam ntawm 824 txhiab square kilometers. Qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm thaj av no, ib qho ntawm 11 thaj chaw kev lag luam ntawm Russia, nyob hauv Yekaterinburg.

Geographically, nws yog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab yav qab teb Urals, ib feem ntawm sab qaum teb, nrog rau ib feem ntawm cov tiaj tiaj uas nyob ib sab mus rau lub Urals: los ntawm sab hnub poob - East European, los ntawm sab hnub tuaj - West Siberian. Cov peev txheej muaj peev xwm ntawm cov dej ntws yog 3.3 lab kW. Kama thiab Votkinsk reservoir yog nyob rau ntawm tus dej Kama. Kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm thaj av thaj tsam yog npog nrog taiga hav zoov nrog cov ntoo reserves ntawm ntau tshaj 3.5 billion cubic meters. Sab qab teb yog nyob los ntawm steppes plowed tshaj thaj chaw loj. Kev nyab xeeb yog los ntawm temperate continental mus rau continental. Cov pejxeem yog kwv yees li 20 lab tus tib neeg (nrog qhov ceev ntawm 23 tus neeg / sq. km.). Cov pej xeem hauv nroog yeej tshaj cov pej xeem nyob deb nroog, nws yog 2/3.

Sectoral directions of economic

Lub cheeb tsam kev lag luam Ural yog nplua nuj nyob hauv cov zaub mov, qhov nocoj mus rau ntau haiv neeg thiab complexity ntawm cov qauv ntawm ib tug heev tsim complex ntawm hnyav kev lag luam nrog tag nrho cov-Lavxias teb sab tseem ceeb. Cov ceg tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam hnyav yog cov hauv qab no: metallurgy (ferrous thiab non-ferrous), mechanical engineering (transport, zog, agricultural), forestry, mining thiab chemical thiab petrochemical, chemical. Lub extraction ntawm cov ntxhia raw cov ntaub ntawv, roj (Prikamye) thiab roj (Orenburg) tau ua tiav tiav. Cov roj refineries nyob rau hauv Ufa, Perm, Orsk, Krasnokamsk, roj ua - nyob rau hauv Orenburg. Cov thee tawv kuj yog mined, tab sis qhov kev thov tseem ceeb rau nws yog them los ntawm cov thee tuaj txawv teb chaws (los ntawm Kuzbass, Karaganda).

cheeb tsam Ural kev lag luam yog muab los ntawm nws tus kheej hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob muaj zog: ib lub chaw tsim hluav taws xob nuclear (Beloyarskaya), ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob (Kamskaya thiab Votkinskaya) thiab cuaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob thermal thiab ib lub xeev hauv cheeb tsam fais fab nroj tsuag.

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam hnyav yog los ntawm metallurgy, tsim thiab tsim kho ntawm cov khoom siv raw hauv zos. Lub tuam txhab tseem ceeb yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Chelyabinsk, Magnitogorsk, Nizhny Tagil. Ntawm no thiab lwm yam kev lag luam metallurgy, dov hlau cov khoom yog nyob rau hauv kev thov nyob rau hauv mechanical engineering thiab kev tsim kho. Cov lag luam uas tsis yog-ferrous metallurgy ua haujlwm hauv Urals.

Ural kev lag luam cheeb tsam yog thaj tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev lag luam hnyav (Uralmash, Yuzhuralmash), chemical engineering (Glazovsky cog, Uralkhimmash). Lub tuam txhab Uralelectrotyazhmash tsim cov khoom siv rau kev lag luam hluav taws xob thiabkhoom siv fais fab. Kev thauj mus los engineering tau koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov tsheb thauj khoom railway tsheb, tsheb thiab maus taus, tsheb laij teb thiab tsheb thauj khoom rau lawv, thiab ntau yam tshuab ua liaj ua teb. Lub tshuab cuab yeej kev lag luam yog tsim, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xov tooj cua, tub yees yog tsim.

Kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg ntawm Urals yog sawv cev los ntawm kev tsim cov potash, phosphorus, nitrogen mineral chiv, dej qab zib, sulfur, hydrochloric acid, ntau ntsev, chlorine. Kev tsim cov yas, resins thiab cawv, varnishes thiab xim, thiab cov khoom siv fiber ntau tau tsim. Asbestos thiab magnesite tau ua tiav.

Kev tsim cov khoom siv hauv tsev (cement, cov khoom siv ntxiv dag zog, cov qauv ua ntej) tau tsim nyob rau hauv Urals. Woodworking yog sawv cev los ntawm kev tsim cov ntawv, ntoo thiab plywood. Lub teeb kev lag luam tsim linen thiab hluavtaws fabrics, tawv thiab khau khoom, thiab tsoos tsho. Kev lag luam khoom noj yog tibneeg hu tauj coob ua cov mis nyuj thiab nqaij, cov hmoov nplej ua haujlwm.

Kev ua liaj ua teb ntawm Urals tab tom txhim kho nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov qoob loo loj hlob (nplej, rye, oats, barley) thiab tsiaj ua liaj ua teb (nyiam nyuj, yug yaj, yug menyuam tshis, yug npua) los muab zaub mov rau cov pej xeem hauv nroog.. Lub xeev suburban ua liaj ua teb kuj loj hlob qos yaj ywm thiab zaub. Cov qoob loo muaj xws li flax thiab sunflower. Tseem muaj qaib ua liaj ua teb - muab nqaij qaib thiab qe.

cheeb tsam Ural kev lag luam raug txiav thiab nqis los ntawm kev thauj mus los. Cov no yog cov kab tsheb ciav hlau (feem ntau yog hluav taws xob), cov kav dej rau muab cov roj thiab roj,kev thauj dej thiab txoj kev.