Greater Godwit: piav qhia, thaj chaw, nthuav qhov tseeb, duab

Cov txheej txheem:

Greater Godwit: piav qhia, thaj chaw, nthuav qhov tseeb, duab
Greater Godwit: piav qhia, thaj chaw, nthuav qhov tseeb, duab

Video: Greater Godwit: piav qhia, thaj chaw, nthuav qhov tseeb, duab

Video: Greater Godwit: piav qhia, thaj chaw, nthuav qhov tseeb, duab
Video: "Petus Qhov Kev Ntsib Kev Pom: Nws Qhov Kev Paub txog Kev Qhuab Ntuas thiab Kev Txiav Txim"(Ntu Ob) 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Zes nyob hauv thaj chaw swampy thiab cov tiaj tiaj tiaj, cov noog no nyob hauv thaj chaw loj uas ncab ntawm Iceland mus rau Far East. Cov chaw caij ntuj no npog thaj tsam ntawm ntau lub tebchaws - Africa, Southern thiab Western Europe, Sab Qab Teb thiab South Asia, Australia.

Ntawm no yog ib tug marsh sandpiper, los yog ib tug loj godwit (daim duab ntawm cov noog yog nthuav nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) - ntau yam sandpiper, uas yog ib feem ntawm tsev neeg Snipe.

pawg noog
pawg noog

cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Vim qhov txo qis ntawm thaj chaw tsim nyog rau kev yug me nyuam, godwit suav nrog hauv Phau Ntawv Liab Thoob Ntiaj Teb uas yog ib feem ntawm pawg hem (qeb NT). Qhov chaw zes npog thaj tsam ntawm thaj tsam sab qaum teb hemisphere, los ntawm Iceland (sab hnub poob) mus rau Anadyr River phiab thiab Primorye (sab hnub tuaj), tab sis mus rau qhov ntau dua nws muaj ntau qhov chaw sib cais. Nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm Western Europe, sab hnub tuaj ntawm Fabkis thiab Great Britain, tus noog tau muab faib ua ntu zus (tsis tu ncua thiab tsis tas li), thiab pom tsuas yog hauv qee thaj chaw.swamps thiab wet uncultivated meadows. Qhov tsuas yog kev zam yog lub Netherlands, qhov twg godwit muaj ib qho chaw faib khoom. Sab nraum lub mainland, nws yug nyob rau hauv Iceland, nrog rau cov Islands tuaj ntawm Shetland, Faroe thiab Lofoten. Ntau zaus thiab ntau, cov noog no pom nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Europe, txij li hauv cov cheeb tsam no cov av tsawg kawg tau hloov mus rau kev xav tau ua liaj ua teb.

Flock ntawm godwit
Flock ntawm godwit

Kev piav qhia

Vaj tswv yog ib tug zoo nkauj loj sandpiper nrog lub taub hau me me, ceg ntev thiab beak. Nyob rau hauv qhov loj, nws yog piv rau nruab nrab-qhov loj me curlew, tab sis lub cev ntawm lub qub yog ntau dua. Lub cev ntev yog kwv yees li 36-44 cm nrog lub cev hnyav ntawm 160 mus rau 500 g. Lub tisspan yog los ntawm 70 mus rau 82 cm. Cov txiv neej yog me ntsis me dua cov poj niam (qhov nruab nrab 280 thiab 340 grams, raws li), thiab lawv cov beak yog luv..

Thaum lub caij sib yuav, tus vajtswv poj niam lub taub hau, pem hauv ntej ntawm lub hauv siab thiab caj dab tau pleev xim rau xim liab-rusty. Sab saum toj ntawm lub taub hau muaj cov kab txaij ntev ntawm cov xim av tsaus, thiab tseem muaj cov cwj nrag ntawm tib qho ntxoov ntxoo los ntawm ob sab. Sab nraub qaum ntawm godwit yog variegated: ntawm keeb kwm dub-xim av muaj xim liab hla thiab greyish-xim av streaks. Lub sab sauv coverts yog greyish-xim av, thaum lub tis-coverts yog dub-xim av nrog dawb bases.

blue-tailed godwit noog
blue-tailed godwit noog

Habitat

Tus godwit yug hauv swampy thiab moist biotopes nrog cov av mos thiab cov nyom siab. Qee lub sij hawm lawv tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov xuab zeb pob zeb - dejswampy kwj ha thiab ntub meadows tsis muaj woody zaub. Lawv kuj nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm pas dej, nyob rau hauv pastures, grassy swamps thiab nyob ib ncig ntawm lub moorlands. Thiab tseem nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm hav zoov-tundra nyob rau sab qaum teb mus rau thaj chaw steppe nyob rau sab qab teb.

Nyob hauv Iceland, tus noog nyiam nyob rau hauv swamps overgrown nrog dwarf birch thiab sedge. Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm lub sijhawm ua zes, godwit feem ntau txav mus rau qhov chaw ntub dej ntau dua - cov dej ua liaj ua teb, nrog rau cov ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm cov dej ntws thiab cov ntsev marshes thiab estuaries dej nyab thaum lub sij hawm tides. Lub caij ntuj no tshwm sim hauv cov chaw zoo sib xws, suav nrog cov xuab zeb ntug hiav txwv dej, av nkos hiav txwv lagoons, thiab cov liaj teb.

godwit piav
godwit piav

Singing and eat

Vajtswv yog ib tug noog nrov nrov thaum lub caij yug me nyuam. Thaum lub sij hawm tam sim no, nws emits lub qhov ntswg ntse thiab lingering quaj ntawm "tawm-off", uas maj nrawm nrawm. Nyob rau ntawm ya, nws tuaj yeem ua rau nyias, tab sis me ntsis raspy "vim li cas" suab, me ntsis reminiscent ntawm lub suab ntawm ib tug lapwing. Lub tswb nrov yog lub qhov ntswg ntse thiab lingering "spindle-spindle", ua tsaug uas nws tau txais nws lub npe Lavxias.

Cov noog pub rau me me crustaceans, kab laug sab, mollusks, dej kab thiab lawv larvae, bivalves, polychaete thiab annelids, me ntsis tsawg dua - ntses qe thiab qav qe, nrog rau tadpoles. Grasshoppers thiab lwm yam locusts predominate nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov ntawm cov noog no thaum lub caij ua zes nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab thaum tsiv teb tsaws, lawv kuj noj cov zaub mov cog - nplej nplej, noob thiab berries.

Nyob rau hauv av nrogqhov chaw ntawm cov nyom, lub ntiaj teb, los yog plunging tus beak rau hauv av. Nyob rau hauv dej, lawv noj nyob rau hauv dej ntiav, nkag mus rau hauv dej mus rau lawv lub xub pwg nyom thiab nrhiav cov tsiaj nyeg nyob rau hauv av nkos hauv qab los yog saum npoo. Cocktails yog cov noog sib raug zoo, thiab feem ntau pub hauv pawg loj, thiab qee zaum ua ke nrog herbalists.

Zoo yam ntxwv

Lub caij yug me nyuam pib txij lub Plaub Hlis mus txog rau Lub Rau Hli. Feem ntau ntawm cov noog pib yug me nyuam thaum muaj hnub nyoog ob xyoos. Sandpipers feem ntau tuaj txog ntawm qhov chaw zes hauv pab pawg thiab nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam me me, uas suav nrog 2 txog 20 khub.

Qhov chaw rau zes yog xaiv los ntawm tus txiv neej. Kev nthuav qhia yog qhov ua tau zoo heev uas tshwm sim hauv thaj chaw uas lub zes nyob: cov txiv neej ya, swaying ntawm sab mus rau sab, thiab tawm tsam nrog ib lossis lwm tus tis. Thiab lawv kuj ua qhov tob tob, ua rau lub qhov ntswg lingering suab. Cov txiv neej txawv teb chaws uas tau ya mus rau hauv ib cheeb tsam no yog unceremoniously tsav tawm ntawm nws.

Godwit qe
Godwit qe

Nyob

Feem ntau cov noog no muaj 3-5 lub qe ntsuab-ntsuab los yog xim liab-xim av nrog cov txiv ntseej-xim av loj thiab tob grey me ntsis. Cov qe yog incubated los ntawm poj niam thiab txiv neej li 24 hnub. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tsos ntawm tej yeeb ncuab, cov niam txiv tiv thaiv lawv lub zes - ua suab nrov, lawv ya tawm mus ntsib lawv. Lawv tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv huab cua nrog cov tsiaj nyeg feathered. Lawv kuj saib xyuas ze ze ze.

Cov me nyuam godwit tam sim ntawd tom qab hatching muaj yellowish-buffy down nrog ib tug maub qauv. Tom qab ziab, lawv tawmzes. Lawv noj nrog lawv niam lawv txiv hauv swamps thiab ntawm ntug dej ntawm reservoirs. Tom qab li 30 hnub, lawv dhau los ua tis, thiab thaum Lub Xya Hli, cov poj niam nrog cov menyuam yaus loj hlob yog thawj zaug tawm hauv lub zes. Tus txiv neej feem ntau ya tom qab lawv tom qab ob peb hnub. Lub neej ntev tshaj plaws ntawm cov noog no hauv Tebchaws Europe tsuas yog tshaj 23 xyoos xwb.

Poj niam nrog qaib
Poj niam nrog qaib

Qee qhov tseeb

No noog belongs rau monogamous hom. Ua tsaug rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov kws paub lus Askiv, nws tau pom tias, txawm hais tias txhua xyoo kev puas tsuaj ntawm khub ntawm godwit zoo thiab lub caij ntuj no ntawm kev sib nrug deb ntawm ib leeg, cov noog no converge txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav hauv lawv qhov qub zes. Qhov no tsuas yog tshwm sim yog tias txhua tus noog ntawm ib khub tuaj txog ntawm peb hnub. Txwv tsis pub, cov noog nrhiav cov khub tshiab.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tsis yog tsuas yog cov dub-tailed godwit suav nrog hauv Phau Ntawv Liab Thoob Ntiaj Teb. Cov Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm ntau thaj tsam ntawm Russia thiab Western Europe kuj suav nrog cov noog ntxim nyiam no. Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Russia, nws yog ib qho khoom ntawm kev yos hav zoov thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw, txawm hais tias qee tus neeg nyob ib puag ncig tau tawm tswv yim txwv tsis pub tua tsiaj rau nws.

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