Haiv neeg Ural: keeb kwm thiab qhov chaw tsim, yam ntxwv nta

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:00

Cov kws tshawb fawb sib cav tias haiv neeg Ural yog ib pawg neeg nruab nrab lossis sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov neeg uas muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm Mongoloid thiab Caucasoid haiv neeg pob tw. Nws yog faib nyob rau hauv lub Volga cheeb tsam thiab nyob rau hauv Western Siberia. Tsab xov xwm yuav tham txog pawg neeg anthropological no, nws tau tsim li cas, nws txawv li cas ntawm lwm haiv neeg.

cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

Cov haiv neeg Ural tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshawb fawb hauv nruab nrab ntawm cov haiv neeg Mongoloid thiab Caucasoid, nrog rau lawv kev sib xyaw ua ke.

Altaians.

Anthropological hom ntawm Ural haiv neeg yog: Subural, Sublaponoid, Laponoid, Ural.

yam ntxwv

Cov haiv neeg Ural (daim duab) yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov plaub hau ncaj thiab tsaus ntuj nti,nruab nrab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov plaub hau, xim av ob lub qhov muag, muaj zog tsim crease ntawm daim tawv muag sab sauv. Lub qhov ntswg yog me ntsis protruding, nruab nrab, nrog me ntsis concave rov qab, nws lub taub yog me ntsis tsa. Lawv muaj cov tawv nqaij ncaj ncees feem ntau, nrog cov pigmentation nruab nrab.

Lub ntsej muag yog qhov dav, tab sis me me, nruab nrab flattened thiab qis. Daim di ncauj tsis plump, feem ntau yog tuab tuab.

Nruab nrab thiab qis dua qhov siab nruab nrab.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, hauv qhov tsos Ural haiv neeg muaj qee qhov zoo sib xws nrog pab pawg Laponoid, tab sis nws loj dua thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm Mongoloid. Tias yog vim li cas cov kws tshawb fawb tau muab lawv ua ib haiv neeg hauv qee qhov kev faib tawm.

History of formation: hypotheses

Muaj peb qhov kev xav txog keeb kwm ntawm haiv neeg Ural. Raws li thawj qhov kev xav, cov haiv neeg tau tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm Mongoloid thiab Caucasoid pawg hauv thaj chaw uas lawv cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm ntev. Nyob rau hauv kev lees paub ntawm no version, qhov chaw ntawm cov haiv neeg uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub Ural haiv neeg, nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub Caucasoid thiab Mongoloid haiv neeg, ua tim khawv. Tib lub sijhawm, muaj qhov nce hauv Caucasoid nta rau sab hnub poob, thiab, raws li, Mongoloid nta rau sab hnub tuaj.

Raws li qhov kev xav thib ob, cov pej xeem ntawm Ural haiv neeg tau txais cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yam ntxwv qub tshaj plaws uas muaj tshwm sim ua ntej kev faib cov neeg rau hauv Mongoloid thiab Caucasoid anthropological trunks. Qhov kev xav no tau lees paub los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb thiab tshwj xeeb ua ke ntawm ob qho tib si Caucasoid thiab Mongoloid nta, nrog rau qhov chaw nyob ntawm qee cov neeg uas tau muab cais ua Uralic.haiv neeg, tawm ntawm ntau yam. Piv txwv li, Scandinavian Sami. Qhov kev xav no ua rau Urals yog poj koob yawm txwv lub tsev ntawm Europeans thiab Mongoloids tib lub sijhawm.

Qhov kev xav thib peb qhia tias kev tsim ntawm lub cev nruab nrab ntawm lub cev tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv qee qhov chaw ib puag ncig thiab muaj tus cwj pwm hloov pauv. Kev lees paub ntawm qhov kev xav yog ntau haiv neeg uas yog ib feem ntawm haiv neeg Ural.

Txog tam sim no, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev qub txeeg qub teg, nrog rau keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim ntawm haiv neeg no hauv kev tshawb fawb, yog qhov sib cav. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, qhov ntxov tshaj plaws anthropological pom nyob rau hauv lub Urals hnub rov qab mus rau lub Neolithic era thiab lawv belongs rau lub Ural anthropological haiv neeg.

Ib yam lus, nws tau tsim muaj kwv yees li 50 txhiab xyoo ua ntej peb lub sijhawm. Nws lub hauv paus tseem tsis tau paub meej.

Qhov chaw tsim

Thaj chaw ntawm kev tsim thiab kev faib tawm thaum ub ntawm cov haiv neeg Ural npog thaj chaw loj ntawm thaj chaw hav zoov ntawm Eurasia los ntawm B altic mus rau thaj tsam Novosibirsk Ob. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias haiv neeg no yog ib pab pawg neeg anthropological tiag tiag, uas tuaj yeem nyob hauv tib qib, hauv cov ntsiab lus, nrog Mongoloids thiab Caucasians.

Siv qhov xaus

Thaum qhov sib txawv ntawm cov haiv neeg loj, me, subraces, hom anthropological, anthropologists yog coj los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tus nqi thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm haiv neeg, nyob ntawm lub sijhawm tsim ntawm haiv neeg lub cev thiab thaj chaw uas qhov tshwj xeeb no yog yam ntxwv ntawm tib neeg.

Tom qab qhov kev zoo nkauj anthropogenic tau tsim, qhov tsis tsim nyog nws yog raukev faib cov haiv neeg loj. Lawv txawv, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, los ntawm cov yam ntxwv nta ntawm lub taub hau thiab cov degree ntawm daim tawv nqaij pigmentation, uas yog, los ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov tsos mob uas tau cais tib neeg txij thaum ancient sij hawm.

Ntxiv rau, qhov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm kev ntxub ntxaug yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov dav ntawm nws qhov kev faib tawm. Yog tias nws tau txiav txim siab ntawm ntau haiv neeg thiab dhau ib thaj chaw loj, qhov no qhia tau tias muaj kev tsim thaum ub. Yog tias cov paib hloov pauv hauv txoj kev nyuaj, qhov no kuj qhia tau tias lawv koom nrog ib haiv neeg loj.

Xyoo 1951, tus kws tshawb fawb txog keeb kwm Cheboksarov N. N. tau faib cov haiv neeg thiab txheeb xyuas 3 haiv neeg loj: equatorial, Caucasian thiab Asian-American. Cov haiv neeg Ural, raws li nws qhov kev faib tawm, yog haiv neeg me, nws thaj chaw faib khoom: Trans-Urals, Urals, ib feem ntawm Western Siberia. Qhov no ua tim khawv rau lub peculiarities ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub Urals thiab ancient sij hawm ntawm cov chaw.