Thaum lub caij ntuj no ntawm xyoo 1941-1942, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm B altic Fleet tau txheeb xyuas qhov tsis txaus ntawm qhov tsim ntawm TT rab yaj phom: ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, riam phom khov. Qhov no yog lub zog rau kev tsim cov qauv tshiab xws li rab yaj phom B altiets, tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov tub ceev xwm ntawm lub nkoj.
Yuav ua li cas paub txog riam phom no?
"B altiets" yog rab yaj phom, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov uas tsis muaj nyob hauv phau ntawv siv riam phom. Cov haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas thiab European tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus qauv no. Nyob rau hauv Moscow, Tula, Izhevsk - lub nroog nyob rau hauv uas lub loj tshaj plaws tsev cia puav pheej nyob, cov ntawv luam ntawm cov riam phom no kuj tsis pom. Ib rab phom tsis paub txog Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj "B altiets" tau pom nyob rau hauv Central Naval Tsev khaws puav pheej, hauv cov nyiaj uas muaj peb daim ntawv ntawm riam phom. Txhua tus muaj nws tus lej xov tooj: Tsis yog 1, 2, 5.
Yuav ua li cas yog B altiets rab yaj phom tsim (USSR. Leningrad)?
Nyob rau xyoo 1941, Rear Admiral of the B altic Fleet tig mus rau cov tub ceev xwm siab dua nrog kev thov kom tsim ib rab phom nrog ntau dua.txhim khu kev qha automation dua li TT rab yaj phom.
VKP (b) tom qab lub rooj sib tham ntawm lub chaw lis haujlwm tau txiav txim siab pib tsim ua haujlwm ntawm tus qauv uas nws automation yuav tsis khov hauv 30-degree Frost. Thawj pob ntawm rab yaj phom "B altiets" muaj 15 daim. Tus thawj coj ntawm Leningrad cog No. 181 B. P. tau raug xaiv los ua lub luag haujlwm rau cov ntawv sim. Rumyantsev. Tus thawj tsim qauv Egorov thiab lub Hoobkas technologist F. A. Bogdanov nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 1942 muab thawj qhov tshwm sim - sketches rau tus qauv B altiets. Cov phom tau pom zoo los ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub khw riam phom A. I. Balashov thiab tau txais kev txhim kho. Ib lub voj voog txwv ntawm tib neeg tau raug lees paub los ntawm tus txheej txheem tsim riam phom no.
Start
"B altiets - rab yaj phom", uas yog raws li W alter PP qauv (ib riam phom ua German). rab yaj phom tsim los ntawm Balashov AI yog tsim los rau TT cartridges, lub caliber ntawm 7.82 hli. Thawj 15 daim ntawv luam tau ua los ntawm tes. Kev hlawv yog nqa tawm los ntawm craftsmen siv txoj kev artisanal. Cov cuab yeej tsis tau muab rau hauv kev tsim cov phom phom.
qauv tseem ceeb
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov xyoo 1942, cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Dvigatel Tshuab-Lub Tsev thiab Cov Khoom Siv-Tswj cog tau tsim thawj B altiets. Cov phom muaj npe nyob rau ntawm tus naj npawb 1. Cov riam phom no yog ua tau zoo heev. Nws tau sim ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv qab 30 degrees. "B altiets" yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov system, kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm. Tib lub sijhawm, lub zog siab thiab qhov tseeb ntawm hits tau sau tseg.
Artwork“B altiytsa” No. 1
Ib lub voj voog nrog lub thauj tog rau nkoj sab hauv yog kos rau ntawm lub plhu ebonite ntawm rab phom tuav. Hauv qab no yog: lub hnub qub tsib-taw, ib rab koob, ib rab rauj thiab cov ntawv sau "Ntiaj Teb No. 181". Ntawm ib sab ntawm rab yaj phom muaj ib daim ntawv sau "P. A. B altiets", thiab los ntawm qhov opposite: "Rau Tus Tuav Ntaub Ntawv ntawm Central Committee ntawm All-Union Communist Party ntawm Bolsheviks, tus tswv cuab ntawm Pawg Tub Rog ntawm Lenfront Comrade A. A. Zhdanov."
Ntawm sab xis ntawm lub bolt casing, cov craftsmen engraved, uas depicts ob anchors. Nyob rau hauv daim duab plaub nyob rau hauv lub crosshairs, muaj cov zauv "181", qhia lub Hoobkas qhov twg lub B altiets rab yaj phom tau sib sau ua ke. Daim duab hauv qab no sawv cev rau kev tsim qauv zoo nkauj ntawm cov qauv riam phom no.
Tactical thiab technical yam ntxwv
- riam phom yog tsim los rau cov mos txwv 7.62 mm.
- Number of grooves – 4.
- Lub thoob yog 129 mm ntev.
- Qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom tsis muaj mos txwv yog 1100 g.
- Pistol magazine muaj peev xwm - 8 rounds.
Creation of "B altiets" 2
Thawj tus qauv ntawm rab yaj phom muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm tus qauv: nws muaj qhov hnyav ntxiv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntxiv tau ua nrog tus qauv tseem ceeb ntawm cov riam phom no, qhov thib ob "B altiets" tau sib sau ua ke. rab yaj phom, cov qauv tsim uas txawv ntawm lub ntsiab version, kuj muaj qhov hnyav dua. Nws qhov hnyav tsis tshaj 960 g. Hauv kev tsim qauv No. 2, lub thoob tau luv luv los ntawm 129 mm mus rau 120 mm. Lub mainspring tsis muaj 17, tab sis 15 lem.
Kev sim ntawm cov riam phom no tau pom tias "B altiets"2 tsis qis dua rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws qhov kev sib ntaus sib tuathawj tus qauv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tau txiav txim siab ua cov khoom hauv qab no, siv qhov thib ob "B altiets" (pistol) ua piv txwv.
Tsim nta
Qhov thib ob piv txwv yog ib lub thav duab, nrog lub thoob tsau rau hauv nws, lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj thiab lub tshuab ua kom lub zog (USM). Rau lub cev ntawm "B altiyets" No. 2, muaj plaub grooves. Ib txoj hlua ruaj ntseg yog siv los ua lub kaw lus. USM ntawm cov phom no tau nruab nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua thiab rov qab los. Rau lub phom no, ib rooj plaub ntoo yog muab nrog ib kab noj hniav nyob rau hauv daim ntaub thiab ib tug tooj dag phaj ntawm lub hau, uas muaj ib tug inscription: "Rau Admiral Kuznetsov Nikolai Gerasimovich."
riam phom ua haujlwm li cas?
Lub B altiets series ntawm rab yaj phom siv lub tshuab rov qab rov qab. Qhov no ua tau vim qhov chaw ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav rov qab los ntawm lub thoob tsau rau ntawm tus ncej. USM yog hais txog lub hom phiaj thiab yog tsim los ua ob npaug.
Cov khoom noj sib ntaus sib tua yog muab los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm zoo li lub thawv phom, uas cov cartridges tau teem rau hauv ib kab. Cov ntawv xov xwm yog snapped rau hauv rab yaj phom siv lub pob tshwj xeeb nyob rau sab saum toj sab laug ntawm tus kov. Lub aiming muaj nuj nqi yog ua los ntawm xws li pab kiag li lawm raws li pom pem hauv ntej thiab rear pom. Qhov pom pem hauv ntej yog ib feem ntawm lub shutter - casing. Lub qhov muag pom tom qab yog mounted nyob rau hauv ib tug dovetail zawj, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm mus kho lateral kho yog tias tsim nyog.
Lub meej mom ntawm "B altiets"
Qhov zoo ntawm rab phom no yog:
- Automation muaj tus qauv yooj yim.
- rab phom muaj kev ntseeg siab hauv kev ua haujlwm.
- Kev tsim cov B altiyets, piv rau TT, yog tus nqi qis dua thiab siv zog ntau.
- Qhov muaj qhov tuav tau yooj yim ua kom qhov tseeb ntawm kev ntaus thaum tua.
- Lub tshuab ua ob zaug ua rau tus tswv siv riam phom ib txwm npaj siv txhua lub sijhawm.
- Lub xub ntiag ntawm lub fuse ua rau nqa rab yaj phom no muaj kev nyab xeeb, txawm tias nrog rab phom rub thiab mos txwv hauv chav, uas tsis tuaj yeem lees txais hauv rab phom TT.
Flaws
Tsis zoo li Tokarev rab yaj phom, uas hnyav 110 grams, B altiets hnyav thiab loj. Qhov xwm txheej no yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov riam phom no. Qhov hnyav dua yog piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias 7.62 mm caliber cartridge siv nyob rau hauv B altiyets yog Ameslikas npaj rau rab yaj phom nrog ib rab phom luv luv. Rau cov riam phom uas nws tsis siv neeg muaj lub tshuab rov qab, lub caliber 7.62 mm muaj zog heev. Txhawm rau tua cov mos txwv zoo li no, cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm Leningrad cog No. 181 hauv B altiyets tau ua rau lub bolt casing hnyav dua. Txij li thaum rab phom no tau tsim rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hais kom ua, muaj qhov hnyav thiab qhov ntev dhau los ua qhov tsis zoo.
Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav Kev Kawm Riam Phom
Nyob rau xyoo 1974, tus thawj tsim qauv ntawm TsKTB (Central Design and Technology Bureau) Viktor Khristich pib tsim cua tshuab ntawm B altiets riam phom qauv. Cov phom cua tau npajhauv 1977. Tom qab kev sim hauv lub nroog Klimovsk, cov qauv cua tau hu ua "B altiets" No. 77.
Thaum tsim cov cua version ntawm "B altiyets", npaj rau kev cob qhia loj, cov neeg ua haujlwm cog tau coj mus rau hauv tus account yooj yim, yooj yim, kev ntseeg siab thiab kev nyab xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm. Kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb tau them rau ergonomic nta ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas.
Device qauv 77
Hauv kev tsim cov tes tuav, lub thoob thaiv, ua kom pom thiab pom tom qab, siv cov iav uas muaj cov yas ntim khoom. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom tau ua tiav siv txoj kev txhaj tshuaj molding. Cov springs tau txais kev kho mob thermo-tshuaj (caij nplooj ntoos hlav los ntawm kev tsav chutes). Lub thoob yog muab los ntawm lub tshuab raj IZH-22.
Cov riam phom cua no siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus uas yog tus yam ntxwv ntawm txhua lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav-compression pneumatic rab yaj phom: cua raug thawb tawm siv lub piston, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, tau cuam tshuam los ntawm compressible-expanded caij nplooj ntoos hlav.
Tus qauv tsim ntawm "B altiyets" 77 txawv ntawm lwm cov phom cua los ntawm qhov muaj "rov qab tswv yim" nyob rau hauv nws, uas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias thaum lub sij hawm txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv lub mos txwv thiab lub piston tsiv nyob rau hauv lub opposite lus qhia. Yog li ntawd, nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug piston nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 2 cm nrog ib tug luv luv stroke (6 cm), ib tug mos txwv ya tawm ntawm lub thoob tau txais ib tug ceev txog li 130 m / s.
Zoo kawg
Ob lub khoom plig "B altiets" No. 77 tau sib sau ua ke, ib qho yog npaj rau Leonid Brezhnev.
Ua haujlwm rauLub creation ntawm rab yaj phom sib ntaus sib tua "B altiets", uas pib nyob rau hauv 1942, twb tsis ntev lawm. Kev npaj tsim tawm ntawm kaum tsib units tsis tshwm sim. Thaum rov xam cov khoom, nws tau qhia tias lawv txaus los sib sau tsuas yog kaum plaub rab yaj phom. Kev siv cov kev txwv nruj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov nroj tsuag tsis hloov qhov xwm txheej tam sim no: tsuas yog kaum plaub daim ntawv tau sib sau ua ke, thiab kev tsim khoom loj tau raug tshem tawm. Ib qho "B altiets" tau nthuav tawm los ua khoom plig rau Tus Lwm Thawj Coj Tus Thawj Coj rau Cov Tub Rog N. Samarin. Cov qauv riam phom nrog cov lej 1, 2 thiab 5 ib zaug tau koom nrog Vice Admiral NK Smirnov. Niaj hnub no lawv raug coj mus rau hauv khaws cia los ntawm Central Naval Museum. Txoj hmoo ntawm kaum ib chav tseem tsis paub.
rab yaj phom "B altiets" tseem yog ib qho kev paub txog riam phom, uas tau mus rau qib siab los ntawm lub voj voog nqaim ntawm cov lus txib.
