Nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg, qhov teeb meem ntawm kev khaws cov nceb yog ib txwm cuam tshuam. Tsis yog txhua tus neeg tau paub zoo hauv qee yam ntau yam. Nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm peb xav tham txog cov hom milkweed. Cov nceb no yog dab tsi, zoo li cas thiab nws puas noj tau?
Npauj npaim lub npe yog dab tsi?
Cov mis nyuj ntau yog cov nceb noj tau zoo uas nyob hauv tsev neeg russula. Nws tau txais nws lub npe vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv nws cov pulp muaj ducts nrog milky kua txiv. Thaum lub cev fruiting me ntsis puas, cov kua txiv pib ntws tawm. Cov qauv qub heev hauv xyoo qhuav yuav tsis muaj kua mis.
Common Milkweed: yees duab thiab piav qhia
Milky yog agaric nceb ntawm tsev neeg russula. Hauv ib lub vojvoog, lub kaus mom nceb tuaj yeem yog los ntawm 4 mus rau 11 centimeters. Nws nto ib txwm ci, txawm nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj tab sis huab cua qhuav. Nws muaj lub voj voog nyob saum. Nrog rau lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov kab mob, cov xim ntawm lub kaus mom kuj hloov. Yog tias cov tub ntxhais hluas cov neeg sawv cev muaj xim grey tsaus thiab lub ntsej muag ntawm lub hau, ces cov laus tau txais cov xim lilac lossis xim av, thiab tom qab daj thiab xeb. Lub kaus mom maj mam ua flatter thiab txawmnyuaj siab. Nws nto yog heev ntom, thiab tej zaum kuj muaj pits rau nws. Cov npoo ntawm lub hau tuaj yeem ua wavy lossis nkhaus, thiab feem ntau txawm tias curl sab hauv.
Qhov siab ntawm ob txhais ceg nce mus txog 8-10 centimeters. Nws tuaj yeem pleev xim grey lossis xim liab. Cov duab ntawm ceg yog cylindrical. Tab sis hauv nws yog khoob. Cov mis nyuj uas muaj ib qho tsis txaus ntseeg, tab sis ntom ntom ntom. Nws crumbles yooj yim. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj suab tsis muaj fibers. Cov nqaij hauv cov nceb yog dawb, tab sis nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw nws yog xim xim av. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo ua rau nws iab. Thaum raug huab cua, cov kua mis ua daj daj.
Feem ntau ntawm cov mis nyuj tau lees paub los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij tias tsis tuaj yeem noj vim yog kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo dhau lawm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov txawv ntawm ntau yam ntawm fungus yog qhov nyuaj kawg vim tias lawv zoo sib xws. Txawm tias muaj kev paub txog nceb pickers tsis tas yuav tiv nrog txoj haujlwm no. Yog li ntawd, novice mushroom pickers yuav tsum tsis txhob coj lawv mus rau hauv lub pob tawb txhua. Milkers tsis muaj ob npaug.
Tib neeg hu cov nceb no txawv: alders, smoothies, hollows, grey mis nyuj nceb, daj hollows.
Qhov twg milkers loj hlob
thawj cov kua mis ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm Lub Xya Hli. Koj tuaj yeem sau lawv mus txog rau thaum lub Cuaj Hli kawg. Mushrooms loj hlob nquag, ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntub dej. Lawv nyiam qhov chaw ntub dej, thiab yog li ntawd loj hlob nyob rau hauv lowlands nyob rau hauv sib xyaw, coniferous thiab deciduous forests. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tau sau nyob rau hauv birch los yog coniferous ntoo. Mushrooms nkaum hauv moss lossis cov nyom siab. Kab tsis kov cov mis nyuj. Mushrooms kuj loj hlob raws ntug dej ntawm pas dej thiab swamps. Tab sis cov nceb tsis nyiam cov cheeb tsam kub, nyiam ntau qhov nruab nrab latitudes. Yog li ntawd, lawv pom nyob rau hauv hav zoov ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab thiab nruab nrab cheeb tsam ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv lub Urals, nyob rau hauv Western Siberia thiab txawm nyob rau hauv Far East.
Mis mis nyuj nceb (duab thiab piav qhia hauv kab lus) muaj ntau hom. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li twb tau hais lawm, outwardly lawv yog qhov nyuaj heev kom paub qhov txawv. Yog li ntawd, nws tsim nyog nyob ntawm qee yam ntau yam ntxiv.
Scorching Milky Mushroom
Cov kua mis kub kub yog hom kab mob uas tau noj tau. Nws muaj tsawg heev nyob rau hauv peb hav zoov. Raws li txoj cai, nws loj hlob ntawm av nplaum av. Nws tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv hav zoov zoo ntawm cov ntoo. Feem ntau cov nceb loj hlob ib leeg thiab tsuas yog qee zaus hauv pawg. Koj tuaj yeem ntsib lawv thaum ntxov Lub Yim Hli mus txog Lub Kaum Hli. Cov nceb muaj lub hau me me, txoj kab uas hla uas yog li ntawm rau centimeters. Nws yog du rau qhov kov thiab me ntsis concave nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Los ntawm saum toj no nws yog pleev xim rau hauv grey-beige xim. Cov nceb muaj cov kua mis muaj kuab heev uas tsis hloov xim thaum raug huab cua. Lub qia ntawm nceb yog pleev xim rau tib xim raws li lub kaus mom. Hom milky no belongs rau qeb thib peb. Cov nceb li no tsuas yog s alted, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau ua ntej boiled los yog soaked.
Milky camphor
Lwm yam ntawm cov tshuaj lactic acid (duab yog muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm) yog camphor lactic acid. Koj tuaj yeem ntsib xws li nceb hauv peb hav zoov tsis tshua muaj. Lawv tsis loj hlob ib leeg, tab sis sib sau ua pawg. Loj hlob los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm Lub Xya Hli mus txog rau thaum pib lub Kaum Hli. Cov qoob loo ntawm nceb yog kiag li ywj siab ntawm huab cua tej yam kev mob. Lawv loj hlob hauv qhov chaw ntub dej hauv txhua qhov hav zoov.
Camphor milkweed muaj lub pob khawm khawm. Hauv cov nceb qub, nws dhau los ua funnel-puab. Cov npoo ntawm lub hau yog qhov tsis sib xws, nrog cov yam ntxwv waviness. Cov xim ntawm cov fungus tuaj yeem yog xim av thiab ncav cuag liab-txiv kab ntxwv hue. Thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hau muaj ib tug tsaus liab doog cheeb tsam.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.
Sticky milky - conditionally edible, raws li ib co kws txawj, thiab inedible, raws li lwm tus neeg. Qhov loj ntawm nws lub kaus mom yog nruab nrab, txog tsib centimeters. Nyob rau hauv cov hluas nceb, nws muaj ib tug convex zoo, thaum nyob rau hauv cov laus, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, nws yog concave. Cov kaus mom yog pleev xim rau grey thiab muaj cov txiv ntseej tint, tab sis cov qauv xim av kuj pom. Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, hom milkers no tuaj yeem pom hauv hav zoov deciduous lossis nruab nrab ntawm spruces thiab pines nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj sov.
Milky grey-pink
hom mis nyuj no nrov npe hu ua txawv - inedible mis nyuj nceb, amber mis nyuj mis, grey-pink mis nyuj, thiab lwm yam. Grey-pink mis nyuj yog suav hais tias yog ib tug inedible nceb.
Nws lub kaus mom muaj xim grey-liab, yog vim li cas nws thiaj tau txais nws lub npe. Hauv txoj kab uas hla, nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 8 mus rau 15 centimeters. Lub kaus mom yog puag ncig. Nws qhov nruab nrab yuav muaj tubercle lossis kev nyuaj siab. Nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas nceb, cov npoo ntawm lub hau yog huv si thiab khoov rau sab hauv. Nrog hnub nyoog, cov npoo pib qhib. Feem ntau, cov xim ntawm no ntau yam ntawm fungus yog heev nyuaj los piav. Muaj xim av grey thiabliab ntxoov. Lub kaus mom saum npoo yog qhuav thiab velvety.
Cov nqaij ntawm nceb yog tuab thiab nkig. Nws muaj ib tug heev khaus aroma thiab ib tug pungent saj. Cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj cov dej zoo nkauj thiab tau tawm hauv qhov me me. Mature nceb yuav tsis muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov ceg tuab thiab luv ntawm nceb, raws li txoj cai, tsis pub tshaj 5-8 centimeters nyob rau hauv qhov siab. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas lub grey-liab lactic (duab thiab piav qhia nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm) hlob nyob rau hauv mosses, qhov siab ntawm txhais ceg yuav loj dua.
Qhov twg cov nceb inedible hlob
Npaj liab-liab yog cov nceb uas loj hlob hauv swamps. Nws tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov ntoo thuv thiab birch, hauv mosses. Nws hlob txij lub Yim Hli mus txog rau lub Cuaj Hli. Thaum muaj xwm txheej zoo tshwm sim, tuaj yeem ua tau nceb ntau.
Cov nceb nyob rau hauv Russia feem ntau hu ua conditionally edible. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv txawv teb chaws, nws yog txhais tias me ntsis lom. Yog, thiab nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws xws li nceb feem ntau suav hais tias inedible. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias hom no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi qis. Yog li ntawd, nws ua rau kev nkag siab mus sau milky nyob rau hauv tag nrho tsis muaj kev lag luam ntau yam. Mushrooms muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tsw heev, uas feem ntau repels nceb pickers.
Nyob ze ze
Tus nceb inedible muaj lwm hom uas loj hlob nyob rau hauv txawv cheeb tsam. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog cov zoneless lactic acid, uas muaj nyob rau hauv Eurasia. Muaj xws li ib tug fungus nyob rau hauv deciduous hav zoov. Nws tuaj yeem loj hlob ob leeg hauv pab pawg thiab ib leeg. Lawv tshwm sim txij lub Xya Hli mus txog rau lub Cuaj Hli, tab sis nyob rau xyoo lean lawv yuav tsis loj hlob txhua.
Zoneless Milky yog nceb noj tau. Nws yog zoo meej rau pickling thiab pickling. Rau kev ua noj, nws pom zoo kom sau cov nceb me me xwb.
Lwm yam muaj feem xyuam yog lub mis ntoo qhib, lossis zonal. Nws yog ubiquitous, preferring broad-leaved forests nrog birches, beeches thiab oaks. Cov nceb oak yog conditionally noj tau, yog li nws yuav tsum tau soaked ua ntej ua noj kom tshem tawm qhov tsis tsim nyog iab.
Raws li peb tau hais lawm, cov nceb mis nyuj muaj ntau yam zoo sib xws. Yav dhau los peb tau teev qee hom edible thiab conditionally edible hom. Lawv kuj yuav tsum muaj xws li lilac milky, uas tsis yog-caustic, aroma, faded, dawb, brownish.
Ntawm cov mis nyuj, kuj muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg sawv cev uas txaus ntshai heev rau tib neeg. Nws yog qhov zoo dua tsis txhob muab cov nceb zoo li no rau hauv koj lub pob tawb. Thaum sau cov mis nyuj, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev kom tsis txhob noj cov nceb lom. Thiab rau qhov no koj yuav tsum muaj lub tswv yim ntawm hom inedible zoo li.
Shyroid lactic
Cov thyroid milky yog hom tshuaj lom. Lub kaus mom nce mus txog tsib centimeters nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla. Nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev hluas, nws muaj cov npoo nkhaus, uas maj mam qhib rau yav tom ntej. Qhov saum npoo ntawm lub hau yog npog nrog cov kua qaub ntau. Lub kaus mom yog daj nrog ib tug brownish los yog rusty tinge. Thaum nias, nws cov xim hloov mus rau grey lossis xim av. Milkythyroid, zoo li lwm yam, muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, uas pib ntws dawb, thiab tom qab ntawd tig xiav.
Lwm hom tshuaj lom mis nyuj
Milky grey kuj yog hom tshuaj lom. Nws lub npe kom meej meej characterizes nws peculiarity. Lub hau ntawm nceb yog me me, ncav tsis ntau tshaj peb centimeters nyob rau hauv lub cheeb, nws yog pleev xim rau grey. Mushrooms nyiam loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov ntoo alder.
Nrog rau lwm yam tshuaj lom, liab dawb, tsaus xim av, daj ntseg nplaum, xim av, lilac, iab, ntub dej, dej-milky, spiny lactic tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv.
Kev mob thiab txiaj ntsig ntawm cov mis nyuj
Cov nceb lactic (duab yog muab rau hauv tsab xov xwm) muaj cov amino acids tseem ceeb - leucine, glutamine, tyrosine thiab arginine. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub pulp muaj fatty acids: stearic, butyric, palmitic thiab acetic. Mushrooms yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov roj yam tseem ceeb, phosphatides thiab lipoids. Cov mis nyuj sib xyaw (nqus) muaj fiber ntau thiab glycogen, tab sis tsis muaj hmoov txhuv nplej siab hauv nws. Tsis muaj tsawg nthuav yog cov txheej microelements ntawm fungi: Ca, K, P, J, Cu, Zn, As. Kuj ceeb tias, hauv qee hom, tshuaj tua kab mob hu ua lactarioviolin tau pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev tawm tsam tuberculosis.
Lwm hom lactic acid muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, piv txwv li, hauv kab mob gallstone, purulent thiab mob conjunctivitis. Thiab qee qhov muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau Staphylococcus aureus.
Nyob zoo osnceb zoo heev rau pickling thiab s alting. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, cov txheej txheem fermentation yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws, vim hais tias cov yam ntxwv qaub saj tshwm, uas yog heev txaus siab nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab pickles. Milky nceb yog nqaij heev, yog li nws tuaj yeem siv tom qab ua ntej ua noj ua haus lwm yam tais diav.
Feem ntau ntawm cov iab hauv cov nceb ploj thaum kho cua sov, yog li cov kua mis nyeem tau zoo tuaj yeem noj tau. Thaum ua tiav, smoothies yuav muaj cov yam ntxwv me ntsis iab saj, zoo li seasoned nrog dub kua txob. Cov neeg qaum teb tau hwm cov mis nyuj ntev ntev, siv lawv ua noj. Lub ntuj iab ntawm nceb repels kab tsuag los ntawm lawv. Vim li no, smoothies yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws rau kev puas tsuaj los ntawm txhua yam worms thiab kab. Nyob rau hauv Finland, piv txwv li, los ntawm lub sij hawm immemorial, muaj ib daim ntawv qhia rau grilled los yog campfire milkmen.
Thiab tseem koj yuav tsum ua noj smoothies nrog ceev faj heev, vim cov no yog cov nceb noj tau zoo. Mushrooms yog pre-soaked. Qhov no yog ua kom tsis txhob muaj qhov iab ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tuaj yeem ua rau tib neeg muaj kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, raws plab thiab ntuav.
Cov Lus Qhia
Gladysh, los yog cov mis nyuj sib xyaw, yog cov nceb, cov khoom qab zib uas tuaj yeem txaus siab los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus tiag tiag thiab cov nceb nceb tiag tiag. Cov mis nyuj npaj kom raug yog cua thiab muaj lawv cov kiv cua. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov qhov ua ntej ua ntej ntawm smoothies. Nws tsis yog rau tsis muaj dab tsi uas lactic acid tau ntev tau nrov hauv daim ntawv ntsev. Ua noj xws li nceb, koj yuav tsum tau siv nyiaj txausntau lub sijhawm rau txhua theem kev npaj. Cov txheej txheem tsis yog txhua yam yooj yim thiab txawm tias ua haujlwm nyuaj. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm, tib neeg txaus siab rau lub sij hawm ntev fruiting ntawm nceb thiab lawv siab yield. Tam sim no, kev lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm cov mis nyuj tau poob qis vim muaj teeb meem nrog lawv cov kev npaj. Tab sis lawv tau kawm yuav ua li cas thiaj li tau txais cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig, uas tau siv dav hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub no.
