Black loader (dub russula): duab thiab piav qhia. Hom nceb nceb

Cov txheej txheem:

Black loader (dub russula): duab thiab piav qhia. Hom nceb nceb
Black loader (dub russula): duab thiab piav qhia. Hom nceb nceb

Video: Black loader (dub russula): duab thiab piav qhia. Hom nceb nceb

Video: Black loader (dub russula): duab thiab piav qhia. Hom nceb nceb
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Anonim

Nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej, muaj ntau hom nceb: muaj noj tau, thiab muaj tshuaj lom. Tsuas yog hom edible yog siv rau zaub mov. Txiv neej txaus siab rau qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb no rau nws cov khoom noj khoom haus. Tom qab tag nrho, nceb muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm pab tau. Lawv muaj cov proteins, kab kawm, ntxhia ntsev thiab cov vitamins uas normalize metabolic txheej txheem ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Rau qhov no, nceb kuj hu ua "tsav" nqaij.

Lub caij ntuj sov coj ntau yam surprises rau cov nceb pickers. Feem ntau hauv thaj tsam hav zoov yog nceb los ntawm tsev neeg russula. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav qhia cov neeg nyeem txog cov khoom siv dub, muab cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov fungus, thiab tham txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob. Xav txog dab tsi yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev thauj khoom thiab dab tsi yog hom ntau tshaj plaws ntawm nws pom hauv qhov xwm txheej. Feem ntau, peb yuav qhia koj seb hom nceb noj tau li cas.

Noj nceb thiab lawv hom

Muaj ntau cov nceb noj tau nyob rau hauv qhov - ntau txhiab hom. Qhov qab tshaj plaws yog champignons, dawb, oyster nceb, nceb, boletus. Rau daim ntawv no yogNtxiv Caesar nceb, greenfinches, zib mu nceb, aspen nceb, boletus nceb, russula, kaus nceb thiab lwm yam. Ntau yam ntawm lawv yog delicacies, xws li Caesar nceb, uas loj hlob nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Mediterranean.

Hom nceb nceb
Hom nceb nceb

Muaj cov hom nceb noj tau zoo. Cov no suav nrog volnushki, mis nyuj nceb, valuuy nceb, dubovik, iab, morel, dung beetle thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom plig no ntawm cov hav zoov, tom qab kev kho cua sov, poob cov khoom lom uas muaj nyob hauv lawv hauv lawv daim ntawv nyoos. Nws raug nquahu kom siv cov nceb me me rau cov zaub mov, tom qab boiling lawv nyob rau hauv ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov dej li 40 feeb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev kho mob no, txhua yam iab thiab caustic tshuaj lom yuav raug tshem tawm.

Cov nceb noj tau yog lub tsev khaws khoom noj. Tom ntej no, peb yuav tham txog kev thauj khoom dub - tus neeg sawv cev zoo nkauj ntawm tsev neeg Russula.

Short description

Av yog cov nceb loj loj, lawv lub hau tuaj yeem ncav cuag txoj kab uas hla ntawm 25 cm, tab sis feem ntau cov duab no khaws cia li ntawm 5-15 cm. Cov nqaij yog fleshy thiab nkig, dawb. Raws li nws loj hlob, nws tuaj yeem ua los ntawm liab-grey mus rau blackening ntawm qhov txiav. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nceb daim hlau muaj hnub nyoog, tau ib tug tsaus grey xim ntawm dents. Dawb spore hmoov.

Lub kaus mom nws tus kheej pib muaj cov duab tiaj tus, cov npoo yog khoov. Kev hloov pauv tshwm sim nrog lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov fungus. Tus laus nws yog, qhov nyuaj siab dua, zoo ib yam li ib tug dav funnel thiab straightened liab qab daim ntawv nws tau txais. Thaum lub hnub nyoog laus, cov npoo ntawm lub kaus mom ua wavy. Thaum lub sij hawm ripening, lub kaus mom hloov xim: thaum xub thawj nws yog qias neeg-grey, thaum nws loj hlob, nws hloov ntxoov ntxoo rau txiv ntseej-xim av los yog tsaus xim av nrog ib tug ntsuab tint. Lub kaus mom tawv tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Tom qab los nag, nws ib txwm qhuav thiab du, qee zaum me ntsis slimy.

Mushroom podgrudok dub
Mushroom podgrudok dub

Cov nceb dub muaj qia 2-3 cm tuab. Nws yog luv, tsis ntau tshaj 5 cm nyob rau hauv qhov siab, thiab xim tib yam li lub kaus mom nws tus kheej. Rau qhov kov yog ntom, cylindrical nyob rau hauv cov duab, tsis muaj creases. Xav tias zoo li ib qho kev ntxhib los mos thaum kov, tab sis qhov chaw tam sim ntawd tig dub.

Chivkeeb thiab nta

Black loader yog tus sawv cev ntawm russula genus, tsev neeg russula. Nyob rau hauv tsos, nws yog zoo li ib tug dog dig nceb, uas nws tau txais lub npe dub russula. Tsis zoo li mis nyuj nceb, nws tsis muaj tus yam ntxwv fringe raws ntug ntawm lub hau, uas muaj me ntsis greyish, thiab qee zaum xim dub. Tsis muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo hauv lub cev, thiab nrog lub hnub nyoog, lub kaus mom nceb yuav nplaum. Nyob rau hauv tsos, nws yuav zoo li ib tug tuab thiab muaj zog russula.

Qhov chaw loj hlob thiab caij nyoog

Black loader, daim duab thiab cov lus piav qhia uas peb tau muab rau koj, yog cov qhua nquag nyob hauv hav zoov ntawm peb thaj chaw. Nws pom yuav luag txhua qhov chaw. Tab sis qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm nceb tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv coniferous, broad-leaved thiab sib xyaw hav zoov. Lawv lub xub ntiag tau ntxeev siab los ntawm cov pob me me saum av, npog nrog cov nplooj qhuav.

Loader dub
Loader dub

Loj hlob feem ntau ntawm cov av acidic xuab zeb ze ntawm ntoo thuv. Nyiam thaj chaw uas muaj teeb pom kev zoo, yog li nws tuaj yeem pom ntau zausraws hav zoov txoj kev, nyob ze dej hiav txwv thiab nyob rau hauv clearings qhib rau lub hnub. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los nrhiav lub nra yog tias koj mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm hav zoov. Nws tuaj yeem yog ntoo qhib lossis birch groves.

Nyob rau ntawm peb lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv hav zoov txoj siv, ntxiv rau dub, muaj ib tug dawb load. Lub ncov ntawm ripening tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov lub hlis - Lub Xya hli ntuj - Lub yim hli ntuj. Dub yuav zoo siab rau kev sau qoob loo ntawm cov nceb mus txog rau thaum Lub Kaum Hli, sib ntsib hauv thaj chaw hav zoov tsis yog ib leeg xwb, tab sis kuj nrog tag nrho cov tsev neeg loj.

Ntxiv rau Russia, kev thauj khoom dub yog ib txwm muaj thoob plaws ntiaj teb, qhov chaw muaj huab cua sov - cov no yog North America, Canada, Western Europe, Central Asia, Far East.

Zoo hom thiab lawv txawv li cas

Kev piav qhia txog cov nceb noj yuav tsis tiav, yog tsis hais txog lawv hom. Qhov no kuj siv tau rau kev rub tawm. Hom nceb no, koom nrog tsev neeg russula, tsim ib pab pawg neeg ywj pheej, uas suav nrog:

  • loader dub thiab dawb;
  • feem ntau lamellar lossis tuab-tawm;
  • loader ntsuab thiab blackening;
  • dub thiab dawb thiab luv-legged;
  • load dawb cuav.
Kev piav qhia ntawm nceb nceb
Kev piav qhia ntawm nceb nceb

Piv txwv li, ib qho subspecies ntawm cov fungus dub tau ua blackening podgruzok. Ob tus neeg sawv cev feem ntau muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws: lawv pom muaj nyob rau hauv birch thiab coniferous hav zoov, tsis muaj kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zoo nyob rau hauv s alting, vim ob leeg muaj ib tug ntse thiab qab zib saj. Tab sis lub pulp ntawm blackening russula tsis tig liab, tab sis tam sim ntawd ua dub. Nws ko taw nyob rau hauv neeg laus muaj ib tug qias neeg dajxim, them nrog xim av me ntsis thiab blackens. Cov phaj nceb tsis tshua muaj, daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub hau yog yooj yim sib cais. Nov yog lawv qhov txawv.

Dub loader feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm hom - tuab-leaved los yog feem ntau-lamellar nceb. Qhov thib ob loj hlob ntawm cov av me me, muaj xim daj-xim av tint. Lub hau ntawm nceb yog feem ntau decorated nrog adherent daim hlau. Nws tsw qab thiab qab heev.

Loader dub yees duab thiab piav qhia
Loader dub yees duab thiab piav qhia

Lub tsheb thauj khoom dub, cov duab thiab cov lus piav qhia uas tau nthuav tawm saum toj no, kuj tseem tsis meej pem nrog lwm tus neeg hauv tsev neeg, piv txwv li, nrog lub tsheb thauj khoom dawb. Ob leeg koom rau pawg ntawm nceb noj tau. Tsuas yog thawj tus uas muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg. Rau tib lub laj thawj, nws tsis meej pem nrog cov nceb dub thiab dawb, uas tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm lub hau hloov xim thaum loj hlob.

Tus nqi noj zaub mov

Ntsuab nceb no noj tau. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus sau, tab sis yuav tsum tau ua thaum nws tseem hluas. Tus laus lub loader yuav, wormier nws yog. Yog hais tias peb tham txog saj, lawv yog tsawg. Cov fungus khaws cov ntxhiab tsw ntawm lub ntiaj teb ntub dej, cov yam ntxwv ntawm pwm, rau lub sijhawm ntev. Lub pulp muaj qab zib thiab pungent saj nyob rau hauv daim hlau, me ntsis ntsim.

Cov kws tshaj lij faib cov podgruzdok dub rau qeb IV thiab pom zoo siv nws ua ke nrog lwm cov nceb. Feem ntau nws yog siv rau s alting, ua noj soups, marinating thiab kib. Tom qab soaking thiab kho cua sov, lub pulp yuav dub, pungent tsw ploj, thiab ib tug qab ntxiag qab zib saj. Mature nceb, ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tawv thiab tsis qab.

Russula dub
Russula dub

Zaub mov los ntawm dub russula tsis muaj calorie ntau ntau, uas lawv nyiam thiab nyiam los ntawm cov neeg nyiam noj zaub mov. Lub tsheb thauj khoom dub tsis muaj tshuaj lom, txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau tus kws tshaj lij xaiv cov nceb.

tshuaj kho mob

Dub loading yog siv nyob rau hauv kws tshuaj raws li ib tug antisarcoma tus neeg sawv cev. Rov qab rau xyoo 2004, ib pab pawg kws tshawb fawb tau txais cov txiaj ntsig ntawm ellagic acid los ntawm cov kab mob hu ua ngrikacin. Cov extract tau ntse inhibits cov kev ua ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer, yog li nres qhov kev loj hlob ntawm sarcoma thiab carcinoma. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov fungus muaj cov tshuaj uas muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab antioxidant.

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