About 478 BC e. Polyzelus, tyrant ntawm lub nroog Gela nyob rau hauv Sicily, commissioned cov duab puab qhia nws ua tsaug rau tus vajtswv Apollo rau yeej ntawm nws chariot ntawm lub Pythian Games. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Delphi, daim duab tooj liab no suav hais tias yog ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kos duab ntawm Greek classical.
History of sculpture
Lub Charioteer ntawm Delphi yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg Greek qub qub uas muaj npe nrov tshaj plaws thiab yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws khaws cia piv txwv ntawm classical bronze casts. suav tias yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm "kev nruj" style.
Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov txuj ci ntawm Greek kos duab thaum ub thiab tej zaum yog qhov chaw pov thawj nto moo tshaj plaws hauv Archaeological Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Delphi. Tus pej thuam no tau pom los ntawm Fabkis cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm hauv xyoo 1896 hauv lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Apollo ntawm Delphi. Niaj hnub no nws tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej thiab qhov tseeb yog qhov khoom pov thawj kawg uas cov neeg tuaj saib pom thaum ncig saib. Lub Delphic Charioteer yog tib daim duab sab laug ntawm pawg sculptural loj uas muaj lub tsheb loj, plaub tus nees thiab ob tus neeg caij tsheb.
Tus pej thuam tau tsa ntawm Delphi hauv474 BC, ua kev nco txog pab pawg yeej hauv Pythian Games, uas tau muaj nyob rau ntawd txhua 4 xyoos rau kev hwm ntawm Pythian Apollo. Qee tus nees tau pom nyob ze ntawm tus pej thuam ntawm tus neeg tsav tsheb.
Kev piav qhia
Daim duab ntawm lub charioteer qhia txog ib tug tub hluas heev, raws li ua pov thawj los ntawm nws cov mos mos xauv. Nws khov thaum lub sij hawm yeej, thaum lub sij hawm nthuav qhia ntawm nws chariot. Nws hnav khaub ncaws tsoos charioteer. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, chariot riders tau ua tib zoo xaiv rau lawv lub teeb yuag thiab siab stature. Nws lub cev, nta thiab lub ntsej muag qhia hais tias ntawm lub zog thiab endurance. Nws tus cwj pwm coj ncaj ncees thiab tsis muaj lub ntsej muag luag ntxhi.
Cultural significance
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Charioteer ntawm Delphi yog ib feem ntawm qhov tseeb tias nws pom tseeb qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv qub mus rau cov tswv yim classical. Nws ua piv txwv qhov sib npaug ntawm tus sawv cev geometric stylized thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws realism, yog li ntes lub sijhawm hauv keeb kwm thaum Western kev vam meej tau nce mus tom ntej txhawm rau txheeb xyuas nws tus kheej kev coj noj coj ua uas yuav txhawb nqa nws rau ob peb txhiab xyoo tom ntej.
Tus neeg tsav tsheb, txawm tias nws yog tus yeej, tau piav qhia me ntsis; nws nyob hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm nws txoj kev xav txawm tias sawv ntawm cov neeg coob coob. Xws li kev qhuab ntuas tus kheej hauv lub sijhawm classical ntawm Greek keeb kwm tau suav tias yog lub cim ntawm ib tus neeg muaj kev vam meej thiab lub tswv yim uas nthuav tawm cov duab ntawm lub sijhawm no. Muaj peev xwm tswj tau tus cwj pwm txawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ntauLub sijhawm nyuaj, pib txhais tag nrho cov classical era ntawm Greek kos duab thiab kev xav.
Ntse
Lub cev lub cev yog qhov sib npaug, thiab nws cov chiton ntev npog lub cev muaj zog, kis las, poob rau hauv xoob sib luag pleats nyob rau hauv qab ntawm daim duab, uas curl zoo nkauj tshaj lub cev. Geometrically kho folds ntawm lub chiton npog lub cev nqaij daim tawv proportionally, ua tsaug rau qhov uas tsis tshua muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntawm lub tswv yim thiab kev muaj tiag yog tiav.
Lub ntsej muag ntawm "Delphic Charioteer" tsis qhia ib qho ntawm cov kev xav uas tus neeg saib yuav xav tau, vim hais tias tus charioteer tau piav qhia tam sim tom qab kev sib tw. Nws sawv thiab saib nrog ntuj lightness. Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws mos curls ntawm cov plaub hau ntub dej muab cov duab puab ib qho aura ntawm cov khoom kim heev thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws realism.
Tus neeg tsav tsheb lub tsho tshaj sab, xistis, yog ib qho chiton hnav los ntawm txhua tus neeg caij tsheb sib tw thaum sib tw. Nws npog tag nrho nws lub cev mus rau nws pob taws thiab fastened siab ntawm lub duav nrog ib tug yooj yim sash. Ob txoj hlua uas hla nws sab nraub qaum thiab qhwv ib ncig ntawm nws lub xub pwg nyom kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg caij tsheb sib tw hnav khaub ncaws, ua kom xistis tsis txhob yaim los ntawm huab cua hauv chiton thaum sib tw.
Cov ceg yog qhov tseeb thiab tsis yog lub hauv paus rau tus pej thuam xwb. Lawv cov duab thiab txoj hauj lwm qiv lightness rau hnyav bronze loj.
Kev khaws cia
Daim duab ntawm "Delphic Charioteer" ploj tsuas yog sab laug tes xwb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws zoo heev.khaws cia. Nws yog ib qho ntawm ob peb Greek bronze pej thuam uas tseem muaj onyx-encrusted ob lub qhov muag thiab tooj dag cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov plaub muag thiab daim di ncauj. Cov nyiaj headband tej zaum yuav tau inlaid nrog cov pob zeb zoo nkauj uas tau muab tshem tawm. Sab laug caj npab feem ntau yuav raug txiav ua ntej tus pej thuam raug faus. Lub neej-loj duab puab (daim duab qhov siab yog 180 cm) yog ib qho piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm classical bronze casting thiab impresses nrog cov ntsiab lus zoo kawg li.
Inios (tus txiv neej uas tuav lub reins) yog ib feem ntawm cov duab puab. Tsuas yog ib feem ntawm ib txhais tes tau dim ntawm nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov me me ntawm cov nees thiab cov reins tseem nyob.
Ib daim ntawv sau tseg tau khaws cia ntawm lub hauv paus limestone, hais tias tus pej thuam raug txib los ntawm Polysalus (Polyzel), uas yog tus tyrant ntawm Gela, ua lub cim ntawm kev hwm rau Apollo rau kev yeej. Tus sau ntawm Lub Charioteer ntawm Delphi tseem tsis paub, tab sis txiav txim los ntawm qee cov ntsiab lus, peb tuaj yeem hais tias nws tau raug pov rau hauv Athens.
