England yog ib lub xeev thawj zaug uas nws cov tub rog nyiam txhua qhov zoo ntawm cov riam phom tsis siv neeg xws li rab phom tshuab. Los ntawm 1912 mus rau 1960s, Vickers tshuab rab phom tau los ua tus qauv tseem ceeb siv los ntawm British infantry. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws cov cuab yeej thiab cov yam ntxwv tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus.
Introduction
Hauv xyoo 1883, tus tsim riam phom Askiv Hiram Stevenson Maxim tsim thawj rab phom tshuab tsis siv neeg. Cov riam phom tau siv nyob rau hauv Anglo-Boer, Thawj thiab Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. Tus qauv tau muaj npe tom qab nws tus tsim thiab nkag mus rau keeb kwm ntawm riam phom li "Maxim". Vickers Mk. I tshuab rab phom yog ib qho analogue ntawm Hiram Stevenson's easel automatic khoom. Qhov no piav txog lawv qhov zoo sib xws sab nraud. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov kws paub txog riam phom, cov qauv ua nyob rau hauv Vickers factories thiab Maxim tshuab phom muaj qhov sib txawv tsim.
About device
Qhov sib txawv ntawm rab phom tshuab "Maxim" thiab "Vickers" yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Rau easel riam phom los ntawm Vickersib qho inverted lever locking system yog muab, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov phom tshuab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov muaj qhov txo qhov siab thiab qhov hnyav ntawm lub thawv. Qhov no tau ua tiav los ntawm tig lub ntsuas phoo 180 degrees.
- Lub thawv tshuab rab phom "Vickers" yog nruab nrog npog, muaj ob ntu. Nrog kev pab ntawm ib nrab pem hauv ntej, lub receiver raug kaw, thiab lub thawv nws tus kheej raug kaw nrog lub nraub qaum. Qhov chaw ntawm lawv fixation yog axis.
- Lub Vickers tshuab rab phom yog nruab nrog lub taub qab phaj. Nws fastening nrog lub thawv yog tsim los ntawm lub sab sauv thiab sab bolts.
Duab ntawm Vickers rab phom tshuab tau nthuav tawm hauv kab lus.
About the system
Lub Vickers Mk. I tshuab rab phom yog ib qho riam phom tsis siv neeg rov qab nrog lub stroke luv. Cov riam phom yog nruab nrog cov dej txias tshwj xeeb. Rau anti-aircraft thiab aircraft versions ntawm lub tshuab rab phom, ib tug muzzle yog siv, uas ua raws li ib tug chim booster - nws tsub kom qhov hluav taws kub. Nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov hmoov gases. Lub thoob yog xauv nrog ob toggles. Tam sim ntawd tom qab txhaj tshuaj, nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm lub resulting hmoov gases, nws pib txav rov qab. Yog li, vim qhov luv luv stroke ntawm lub thoob, lub reloading mechanism yog qhib: lub mos txwv yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb daim kab xev thiab xa mus rau lub breech. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub shutter yog cocked. Cov kab ke no rov ua dua tom qab txhua qhov txhaj tshuaj. Vickers tshuab rab phom muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov hluav taws kub. Hauv ib feeb, tsis pub ntau tshaj 450 txhaj tshuaj tuaj yeem raug rho tawm haujlwm. Kev tua yog ua tau tsuas yog thaum lub shutter kaw. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob tso cai rau lub tshuab rab phom tsuas yog siv hauv hom tsis siv neeg. Lub trigger yog nruab nrog lub fuse tshwj xeeb, txoj haujlwm uas yog los tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo.
About mos txwv khoom
Cov mos txwv rau rab phom hnyav yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov kab xev tshwj xeeb uas tau muab tso rau hauv lub receiver ntawm riam phom. Vickers tshuab phom yog nruab nrog swb-hom receivers. Thaum xub thawj, cov ntaub nplaum tau ua los ntawm cov ntaub. Sij hawm dhau mus, cov kws tua phom Askiv tau tsim cov hlau hlau nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 250 rounds.
About sights
Lub Vickers easel tshuab rab phom yog nruab nrog lub khib-mounted pom thiab pom pem hauv ntej nrog lub duab plaub sab saum toj. Qee cov qauv tau nruab nrog qhov pom kev pom.
Hais txog cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm ntawm Vickers tshuab rab phom
Lawv yog:
- riam phom yog rab phom hnyav.
- Lub teb chaws - England.
- Chaw tsim khoom - txhawj xeeb "Vickers-Armstrong".
- Qhov ntev ntawm tag nrho cov riam phom yog 110 cm.
- Barrel length - 72 cm.
- Ambition - cartridge British 303 calibre 7, 69 lossis 7, 71 mm.
- riam phom hnyav tsis muaj tshuab yog 18.1 kg, nrog lub tshuab - 35.4 kg.
- rab phom tshuab muaj qhov hluav taws kub ntawm 450 rounds ib feeb.
- Qhov taw qhia ntawm muzzle tshaj tawm ntawm 745 m / s.
- Kev tua tau zoo ntawm qhov deb tsis tshaj 2190 m.
- Ntau yam siab tshaj - txog 4100 m.
- Ambition - tape.
- Lub tshuab rab phom ua haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm chim recoil nrog crank xauv.
- rab phom tshuab tau nkag rau hauv kev pabcuam xyoo 1912.
- Serial ntau lawm tau ua los ntawm 1912 txog 1945.
Kev hloov kho
Cov qauv hauv qab no tau tsim los ntawm Vickers MK. I:
- Machine gun «Vickers MK. II». Ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1917. Nws yog tus qauv ruaj khov riam phom uas tau nruab rau ntawm British tub rog dav hlau. Tsis zoo li Vickers MK. I, cov qauv no yog cua txias. Cov neeg tsim qauv tau nruab lub easel tshuab rab phom nrog tshwj xeeb finned radiator nrog perforated casing. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev hloov no, qhov hnyav ntawm riam phom raug txo los ntawm 13.6 mus rau 11.4 kg. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev pub cov kab xev kuj raug hloov kho tshiab. Cov mos txwv nyob rau hauv Vickers MK. II tuaj yeem tuaj ntawm ob sab laug thiab sab xis, ua rau nws tuaj yeem tso ob lub tshuab phom rau ib leeg. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg tua phom tau ntxiv ib qho tshwj xeeb kov rau kev tsim qauv los kho qhov nro ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav rov qab. Ib rab phom tshuab easel tau siv los ntawm British aviation thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib.
- "Vickers MK. III". Cov qauv no tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1920. Qhov no niaj hnub hnyav tshuab rab phom, nruab nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb muzzle booster, tau siv raws li ib tug anti-aircraft riam phom. Qhov chaw ntawm nws lub installation yog warships thiab ntug hiav txwv dej.
- "Vickers MK. IV". Lub tshuab rab phom tau nruab rau ntawm txhua hom tso tsheb hlau luam.
- "Vickers MK. V". Nws yog tus qauv txhim khoVickers MK II. Kev tua yog nqa tawm nrog loj-caliber cartridges 12.7x81 mm. Qhov taw qhia lub zog muzzle yog 19330 J.
Machine gun classes
Easel riam phom chav kawm "K", lossis "Vickers G. O", tau tsim xyoo 1928. Nws yog ib tug aircraft turret tshuab rab phom. Nws nkag mus ua haujlwm nrog British Army xyoo 1934. Txij thaum ntawd los, kev tsim phom loj ntawm cov chav kawm no tau pib.
Cov kev hloov kho Vickers tau koom rau hauv chav kawm "E": "Mk II", "Mk III" thiab "Mk V". Cov phom tshuab tau tsim rau kev xa tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntawv tso cai serial ntau lawm tau tsim nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws. Los ntawm 1920 txog 1930, riam phom tau siv los ua qhov tseem ceeb synchronized offensive riam phom. Lub tshuab rab phom yog tsim los ntawm British designers rau muag hauv Netherlands, Poland thiab Czechoslovakia. Txij li thaum xyoo 1929, E-chav kawm phom tshuab hnyav tau raug teev tseg raws li "tso hom". Cov chav kawm no tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv ob versions. Ib qho (Hom 82) raug rho tawm haujlwm nrog cov ntawv Askiv lossis nws qhov hloov me ntsis Japanese counterpart 7.7x58 mm. Rau tus qauv thib ob, uas tau teev tseg raws li Hom 92, tshiab "semi-flange" mos txwv 7, 7x58SR tau tsim.
Class "F" - tus qauv xa tawm ntawm rab phom tshuab. Cov riam phom yog nruab nrog ib daim ntawv xov xwm disc nrog lub peev xwm ntawm 97 rounds. Nruab rau ntawm cov dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua.
Hais txog kev siv kev sib ntaus sib tua
Lub easel tshuab rab phom tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog British Army thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1912. Cov riam phom tau siv los ntawm Askiv infantrymen. officiallyVickers raug tshem tawm ntawm kev pabcuam hauv xyoo 1968. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li cov kws tshaj lij tub rog, tus qauv no tseem ua haujlwm tau ntau xyoo.
Ua ntej pib Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws tau xaj ntau yam phom tshuab los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv Askiv. Nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 1917, 128 Vickers raug xa mus rau Russia. Cov riam phom no tau siv rau hauv kev tsov rog rog.
rab phom tshuab hnyav tau siv los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Tebchaws Askiv thiab cov tebchaws phooj ywg hauv Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib thiab thib ob.
