Hnub no, ntau dua qhov qub, ntau qhov kev ntaus nqi ntawm lub tebchaws thiab lub nroog tau nrov. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem pom cov npe ntawm cov nroog Lavxias uas nyiam nyob thiab ua haujlwm, tshawb xyuas qhov xwm txheej ib puag ncig lossis nkag siab tias lub nroog twg yog qhov txaus nyiam rau kev lag luam, thiab qhov twg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab. Kev ua yuam kev thiab qhov tsis raug yog ua tau nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev tshawb fawb, yog li ntawd, thaum kawm txhua daim ntawv teev npe, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nkag siab tias pawg twg, qhov ntsuas thiab qhov ntsuas tau cuam tshuam rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm ib lub nroog hauv lub rooj.
Txoj kev tsim kev ntaus nqi
Txoj hauv kev tsim lub nroog cov qhab nia sib txawv, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb, nyob ntawm txoj kev xaiv, yuav hloov pauv raws nraim.
Cov qeb duas raug suav ua ntau txoj hauv kev:
- raws li kev xaiv tsa thiab xaiv tsa;
- raws li kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txheeb cais, raws li cov txheej txheem teev tseg, nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov kws tshaj lij;
- kev sib koom ua ke.
Txhua qhov kev ntseeg siab feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev suav sau ua ke, txij li lawv suav nrog ob qho kev xav thiab kev tawm tswv yim los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog, cheeb tsam thiablub teb chaws, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij pej xeem kev xav.
Thaum xav txog qhov no lossis qhov kev ntsuas ntawd, ib tus yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus neeg sau nws thiab siv txoj hauv kev twg. Kev xa mus rau cov peev txheej muaj peev xwm muab kev ntseeg siab zoo hauv cov txiaj ntsig. Piv txwv li, cov koom haum tshaj lij ua haujlwm nrog pej xeem kev xav, xws li RosStat lossis Ministry of Economic Development.
Hnub no, muaj ntau yam kev tshawb fawb txog kev kwv yees txog lub nroog thiab lwm yam kev kawm ntawm Lavxias Federation.
Nyob ntawm kev ntaus nqi
Txhua cov npe tau muab tso ua ke rau cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb thiab cov hom phiaj ntawm txoj kev kawm. Thiab kom npog tag nrho cov ncauj lus ntawm kev kawm yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua. Feem ntau, qhov ntsuas ntawm cheeb tsam Lavxias yog sawv cev los ntawm cov ncauj lus hauv qab no rau kev kawm:
- by standard of living;
- theem ntawm kev lag luam-kev lag luam ntawm cov ncauj lus ntawm Lavxias Federation;
- txhim kho kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis hauv thaj tsam ntawm Russia;
- kev ua lag luam hauv cheeb tsam;
- ntsuas kev nqis peev zoo;
- ib puag ncig xwm txheej hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Russia.
Rau txhua qhov kev ntaus nqi, ib lub rooj tshwj xeeb tau muab tso ua ke, qhov twg leej twg tuaj yeem pom cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no rau txhua yam ntawm cov khoom tau kawm thiab nkag siab tias thaj chaw twg yog tus thawj coj hauv kev taw qhia, thiab leej twg nyob deb thiab los ntawm qhov tsis muaj dab tsi. Kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cheeb tsam Lavxias hais txog kev ua neej nyob, kev ua lag luam thiab lwm yam kev tshawb fawb cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau tau luam tawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug cai.
Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsas sawv daws.
Txhua thaj chaw sib ntaus sib tua rau txoj cai kom zoo tshaj plaws hauv txhua yam, tab sis qhov no yuav luag tsis yooj yim. Thiab raws li cov txheej txheem sib txawv, thawj thiab qhov kawg txoj haujlwm hloov pauv raws nraim.
Kev ntsuas kev lag luam ntawm thaj chaw Lavxias (raws li RIA Kev Ntsuas) thaum pib ntawm 2016 suav nrog 85 txoj haujlwm. Thawj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo-kev lag luam teeb meem ntawm cov kev kawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation yog nyob rau hauv Moscow, qhov thib ob qhov chaw yog coj los ntawm sab qaum teb capital ntawm Russia. Plaub qhov chaw kawg tau raug coj los ntawm: Cov koom pheej ntawm Altai, koom pheej ntawm Ingushetia, cov neeg Yudais Autonomous Region thiab koom pheej ntawm Tuva.
Hais txog kev ua haujlwm, qhov ntsuas ntawm thaj tsam Lavxias tau ntseeg siab qhib thiab tuav los ntawm lub peev, thiab tus nqi poob haujlwm siab tau raug sau tseg hauv Chechen Republic, Dagestan thiab Kalmykia.
Hais txog kev noj qab haus huv hauv tsev neeg hauv tebchaws Russia, peb qhov saum toj kawg nkaus yog: Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug thiab lub peev. cheeb tsam Ivanovo, koom pheej ntawm Dagestan, Pskov cheeb tsam nyob rau theem qis tshaj ntawm qhov ntsuas.
Ib puag ncig qib
Nyob hauv Russia, nrog rau thoob plaws ntiaj teb, muaj ntau yam teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog kev khaws cia ib puag ncig. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws uas muaj hnyav industries thiab qhov twg minerals yog mined. Cov pa tawm mus rau hauv huab cua thiab av tau pom meej tias tsis ua zoo dua rau lub ntiaj teb thiab nws cov neeg nyob.
Qhov kev ntsuas ecological ntawm cheeb tsam Lavxias tau nthuav tawm los ntawm ntau yam kev tshawb fawb, muaj txawm tias lub teb chaws ecological daim ntawv qhia ntawm cov koom haum ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, qhov twg txhua cheeb tsam thiab qib ntawmlawv cov pa phem. Raws li tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab pej xeem lub koom haum "Green Patrol", cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov theem ntawm ecology nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation yog nyob rau hauv lub Tambov cheeb tsam, lub Altai koom pheej thiab lub Altai Territory. Cov neeg sab nrauv hauv daim ntawv no yog: Norilsk, Leningrad, Sverdlovsk thiab Chelyabinsk cheeb tsam.
Innovation qeb duas
Qhov kev ntsuas no qhia txog lub xeev ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kev kawm thiab kev qhia txog cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub hauv cheeb tsam. Cov qib siab tshaj plaws yog muaj cai nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws uas cov kev tshawb fawb tau tsim tau zoo, ntau lub chaw tshawb fawb tshiab, cov koom haum thiab, tau kawg, cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab.
Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm thaj chaw tshiab ntawm Russia (raws li Lub Koom Haum ntawm Lub Chaw Tsim Kho Tshiab ntawm Russia) suav nrog 83 yam kev kawm, kev kawm uas tau ua raws li 23 qhov ntsuas. Ntawm cov kev ntsuas tau xav txog: lub xeev ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kev tsim thiab kev siv cov kev tsim kho tshiab, kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsev kawm qib siab thiab kev lag luam kev lag luam.
Cov npe ntawm cov nroog hauv tebchaws Russia, nrog rau cov cheeb tsam, cov tebchaws thiab thaj chaw uas tau lees paub tias yog cov neeg muaj zog tshiab hauv xyoo 2016, suav nrog: Moscow, St. Petersburg, Republic of Tatarstan thiab thaj av Nizhny Novgorod. Cov kev kawm hauv qab no tau lees paub tias yog cov tsis muaj zog innovators: Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Cov koom pheej ntawm Ingushetia thiab Chechen koom pheej. Muaj ib lub koom haum tshwj xeeb ntawm Cov Thaj Tsam Tshiab ntawm Russia uas txhawb nqa thiab txhim kho kev lag luam no. Nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawmkoom haum, ib daim ntawv qhia hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshiab Russia tau tsim, qhia txog tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntsuam xyuas ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Daim ntawv qhia muaj nyob rau txhua tus ntawm lub vev xaib raug cai ntawm Lub Koom Haum.
nqis peev
Kev nqis peev ntawm cov cheeb tsam Lavxias qhia txog txoj haujlwm ntawm cov ncauj lus ntawm lawv qhov kev nyiam rau cov neeg ua lag luam, thiab tseem tshuaj xyuas cov kev coj ua ntawm cov tub ceev xwm los tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ua tiav ntawm lawv tus kheej kev lag luam, suav nrog kev txhawb nqa me me thiab Cov lag luam me me.
Raws li lub teb chaws kev ntaus nqi ntawm Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo, uas suav nrog 85 yam hauv kev kawm, txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb tau tuav los ntawm Republic of Tatarstan rau ntau xyoo, thiab thaum kawg ntawm nees nkaum saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm cov npe yog Tambov Cheeb Tsam thiab koom pheej ntawm Bashkortostan.
Nyob rau xyoo 2016, qhov kev ntaus nqi tau ntxiv nrog ob yam tshiab: Lub koom pheej ntawm Crimea thiab lub nroog Sevastopol.
Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev ntsuas no rau 2016 yog cim los ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev pheej hmoo ntawm txhua yam kev kawm. Piv txwv li, cov neeg siv khoom xav tau nce 1% thaum Lub Yim Hli 2015, thiab poob los ntawm 4.2 feem pua hauv 2016. Kev lag luam tawm kuj poob, los ntawm peb taw tes ob feem pua.
Qhov kev ntaus nqi ntawm cheeb tsam Lavxias no tso cai rau cov neeg lag luam los ntsuas lawv cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm theem ntawm kev npaj nkag mus rau hauv ib cheeb tsam thiab kev loj hlob hauv nws.
Ranking by standard of living
Kev kawm txog kev ua neej nyob hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm Lavxias Federation suav nrog ntau yam, piv txwv li, qibKev tsim kho vaj tse, kev ua haujlwm, nyiaj ua haujlwm, qhov piv ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev xav tau ntsuas.
Kev txheeb cais qhia txog qib kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog thiab pab ntsuas seb qhov kev tsim kho vaj tse ntawm ib qho kev kawm tau zoo npaum li cas. Raws li Ministry of Economic Development, plaub lub nroog muaj zog tshaj plaws suav nrog: Kaliningrad, Krasnodar, Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk. Cov chaw hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Lipetsk, Surgut thiab Tomsk kaw saum nees nkaum lub nroog zoo tshaj plaws.
Lwm yam kev ntaus nqi
Hnub no, qhov ntsuas ntawm cheeb tsam Lavxias yog sawv cev los ntawm ntau yam kev tshawb fawb sib txawv, feem ntau yog ntsuas nyiaj txiag. Tab sis muaj lwm yam, qee zaum lom zem, hom kev ntaus nqi. Piv txwv li, lub nroog ncig tebchaws tshaj plaws ntawm 2016 raug xaiv: Sochi, St. Petersburg thiab Moscow. Lub peev tau lees paub tias yog lub nroog saddest, thiab cov neeg zoo siab tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws, nws hloov tawm, nyob hauv Grozny. Lub chaw so Anapa tau dhau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm kev nyab xeeb, thiab txhua tus neeg nyiam khoom qab zib tuaj rau sab qaum teb lub nroog ntawm Lavxias Federation.
