Krymsky Nature Reserve: ciam teb, tshuaj xyuas ntawm kev mus ncig

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:52

Tsiaj qus xav tau kev tiv thaiv. Peb lub teb chaws muaj nws tus kheej reserves thiab tiv thaiv cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw raws li lub Crimean ceg av qab teb, ib tug xwm reserve muaj nyob rau lub sij hawm ntev. Crimean ceg av qab teb yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv flora thiab fauna, minerals, mineral springs - nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom sau txhua yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no yog thaj chaw keeb kwm loj uas nyiam cov neeg yos hav zoov thiab cov neeg nrhiav dub.

Tsim kom muaj xwm txheej

Surrounded yuav luag tag nrho cov sab los ntawm lub hiav txwv, txuas mus rau lub mainland tsuas yog ib tug nqaim isthmus, Crimea yog ib qho chaw so rau ntau txhiab thiab txhiab tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, uas tseem ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau qhov tshwj xeeb nrog cov nroj tsuag relic.. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov khoom plig tshwj xeeb ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv xyoo 1923, thawj qhov xwm txheej tau tsim los ntawm tsab cai lij choj ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev ntawm RSFSR. Lub Crimean Imperial Hunting Reserve (xyoo tsim - 1913) nrog thaj chaw me me ntawm Mount Bolshaya Chuchel tau nthuav dav rau16,000 ha thiab mus txog 23,000 hauv tib lub xyoo.

Tsis yog txhaj xwb, tab sis kuj cog

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv lub vaj ntxwv chaw dawb huv, tsiaj txhu tau tshwm sim rau cov qhua tuaj ntawm no, suav nrog cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Los ntawm tus kheej kev txiav txim ntawm tsar, txoj kev zoo nkauj tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw cia, uas tseem muaj hnub no nyob rau hauv lub npe Romanovskoye Highway.

Ntawm no, qhov tshwj xeeb tsim muaj huab tais chasseur pabcuam saib tom qab mos lwj thiab aurochs, Pyrenean tshis, mouflons thiab bison coj los ntawm Corsica. Lub chaw dawb huv thiab cov cia tseg tsis yog cov lus sib txawv, lawv sib txawv ntawm ib leeg nyob rau hauv thawj ib qho muaj cov tsiaj sib cais, feem ntau yog cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu uas tsis tshua muaj siab, nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv.

Soviet times

Thaum tag nrho thaj chaw thiab txhua yam uas muaj nyob rau hauv nws yog nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm lub xeev, nws yog ib tug natural reserve. Crimean thaj chaw zov me nyuam tam sim ntawd tau txais chaw nres tsheb huab cua, chav kuaj thiab tsev cia puav pheej. Kev tshawb nrhiav haujlwm tau pib ua tiav ntawm no.

Tab sis kev tsov rog tsis muaj dab tsi: cov hav zoov tiv thaiv tau hlawv rau ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 1500 hectares, bison, feem ntau ntawm cov mos lwj thiab mos lwj tau raug tshem tawm tag nrho, lub tsev khaws puav pheej thiab cov chaw sim raug puas tsuaj. Tab sis tam sim ntawd tom qab kev ywj pheej ntawm Crimea los ntawm invaders, nyob rau hauv 1944, lub Krymsky xwm cia pib rov qab los thiab nws thaj chaw tau nthuav dav mus rau 30,300 hectares. Nyob rau hauv 1949, nws ceg "Lebyazhy Islands" tau tsim. Nws muaj nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poobPeninsulas thiab 6 Islands tuaj, uas muaj ntau cov noog - txog li 265 hom. Ntawm no, 25 hom niaj hnub nyob ntawm cov Islands tuaj, suav nrog swans. Thaum lub sij hawm kav ntawm N. S. Khrushchev thiab L. I. Brezhnev, thaj chaw tiv thaiv tau hloov mus rau hauv tsoom fwv yos hav zoov, mus xyuas tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm domestic nom tswv tswv, tab sis kuj los ntawm txawv teb chaws sawv daws yuav. Cov xwm txheej ntawm qhov khaws cia tau rov qab los rau xyoo 1991.

Geographic data

thaj chaw no yog dab tsi thiab nws loj npaum li cas? Tag nrho cheeb tsam ntawm 44,175 hectares muab faib ua ob ntu. Ceg "Lebyazhy Islands" occupies 9612 hectares nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm thaj chaw steppe ntawm ceg av qab teb thiab ib feem ntawm thaj chaw dej ntawm Karkinitsky Bay, ib feem ntawm Hiav Txwv Dub, nyob nruab nrab ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm ceg av qab teb thiab thaj av loj. Qhov seem 34,563 hectares yog lub roob hav zoov thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw cia. Nws suav nrog cov ntu ntawm Cov Thaj Tsam Loj ntawm Cov Roob Crimean, qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm Sab Hauv Roob thiab cov bass nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb muaj Y alta yayla thiab Gurzuf yayla, Babugae-yayla thiab Chatyr-Dag-yayla. Crimean yayly (lub caij ntuj sov pastures) yog toj siab toj siab nrog peaks. Ntawm Chatyr-Dag-yayl yog roob siab tshaj - Roman-Kosh (1545 m) thiab Bolshaya Chuchel (1387). Hauv seem no muaj ntau tshaj 300 lub roob roob, tus dej Amas, Kacha thiab kaum ob lwm.

Tsiaj thiab flora ntawm reserve

Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia qhov tseeb tias muaj ntau tshaj ib qho xwm txheej hauv Crimea. Muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws ntawm Capes Opuk thiab Martyan, muaj Y alta, Kazantip, Karadag xwm reserves, muaj "Astaninskiye plavni" thiab cov tsiaj qus sanctuaries ntawm Crimea. Nyob rau hauv ceg av qab teb, ntxiv rau cov khoom saum toj no, muaj 30 naturalchaw ua si thiab 73 reserved natural monuments. Cov nroj tsuag thiab fauna yog nplua nuj heev uas nws tsim nyog ib tsab xov xwm cais. Nws tsuas tuaj yeem sau tseg tias 1200 hom nroj tsuag loj hlob ntawm no, 29 ntawm cov uas tau teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Tebchaws Europe. Lub fauna yog sawv cev los ntawm 200 hom (160 noog, 37 tsiaj) ntawm vertebrates, 30 ntawm uas kuj muaj nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab. Invertebrates - 8000 hom. Kev faib tawm ntawm flora thiab fauna nyob ntawm thaj chaw altitudinal. Ib nrab ntawm cov hom ntawm tag nrho cov nroj tsuag thiab fauna ntawm Crimea yog concentrated ntawm no.

Qhov loj yog qhov txaus nyiam

Cov ciam teb ntawm Crimean xwm cia, lossis zoo li nws lub roob-ntoo qhov tsis muaj "Swan Islands", nyob rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm ceg av qab teb, tuaj yeem pom ntawm daim ntawv qhia txuas nrog. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias nws yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv Crimea.

Dhau li ntawd, nws yog tus hlob tshaj. Lawm, tom qab rov qab los ntawm Crimea rau Lavxias teb sab Federation, ciam teb ntawm tag nrho cov reserves yuav hloov: lawv yuav ntsib ntau ambitions.

A ntev-awaited thiab tsim nyog nco

Hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev yeej loj hauv Crimea tau ntsib nrog lub meej mom. Ntawm ntau qhov xwm txheej tau tuav hauv kev hwm ntawm 70th hnub tseem ceeb, kuv xav nco ntsoov ib yam - qhib lub monument nyob rau hauv Crimean Natural Reserve. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Partisan Glory tau dhau los ua thawj qhov khoom ntawm kev coj noj coj ua thiab keeb kwm cuab yeej cuab tam tsim xyoo dhau los, uas cov ceg av qab teb tau siv los ua ib feem ntawm Lavxias Federation. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm 1300 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem, nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Red Stone cordon. Nws yog ib qho khoom plig rau lub cim xeeb ntawm partisans, uas nws tus lej yog heevtseem ceeb. 500 ntawm lawv tau muab lawv txoj sia rau kev dim ntawm Crimea.

Part muab rau cov neeg ncig tebchaws

Lub chaw khaws cia yog ib feem ntawm lub roob ntawm Y alta thiab Alushta. Ntawm no yog lub npe nrov "Arbor of the Winds", uas koj tuaj yeem pom Ayu-Dag, Gurzuf thiab Partenid. Lub Cosmo-Damianovsky Monastery nyob ntawm no, los ntawm Savlukh-Su originates - ib qho ntawm cov nto moo kho springs ntawm lub cia. Ntawm no muaj ib tug loj loj trout ua liaj ua teb. Rau ntau qhov laj thawj, kev ywj pheej mus rau qhov tshwj tseg los ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws raug txwv, kev nkag tsuas yog hla dhau, los ntawm kev teem sijhawm thiab nrog cov lus qhia.

Lub Crimean Nature Reserve tab tom ntsib lub neej tshiab. Alushta, uas yog ib yam ntawm cov peev ntawm hav zoov ib feem ntawm lub reserve, occupies ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws - ntawm no yog kev tswj ntawm lub reserve, ib tug tsev cia puav pheej ntawm xwm thiab ib tug arboretum. 1600 cov khoom pov thawj ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej qhia txog cov tsiaj thiab tsiaj txhu ntawm thaj chaw cia, txog keeb kwm ntawm nws cov creation.

Ntawm txoj kev nto moo

Los ntawm Alushta, ob txoj hauv kev ecological thiab kev kawm rau kev mus ntsib pib. Lub Crimean xwm cia tsuas yog excursions los ntawm lub nroog resort. Thawj txoj kev yuav siv li 2 teev. Yuav tsum mus ntsib Kosmo-Damianovsky Monastery thiab trout ua liaj ua teb. Lub monastery muaj txog 160 xyoo. Nws nyob 22 km ntawm Alushta ntawm qhov siab ntawm 750 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Qhov no yog ib tug ua hauj lwm txiv neej monastery, lub ntsiab lub tshav puam uas yog nyob rau hauv lub nroog-hom kev sib hais haum ntawm Partenit. Lub trout ua liaj ua teb tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1958. Cov neeg ncig tebchawsthov mus saib qhov chaw ua haujlwm qhib huab cua.

YReserved Crimea

Route No. 2 nrog qhov ntev ntawm 60 km yog hu ua "Crimea reserved". Tsis pub dhau 5 teev, cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws yuav tau paub thiab qhuas qhov kev zoo nkauj tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Crimea. Kev ncig xyuas pib hauv Alushta thiab xaus ntawm Pear cordon, txoj kev mus rau qhov nyuaj heev, vim nws yog serpentine. Ib feem ntawm nws yog txoj kev nto moo tsim hauv xyoo 1913, tso los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Nicholas II, lub npe hu ua Romanovskoye Highway, ncig los ntawm cov tsiaj qus zoo nkauj. Muaj ntau lub chaw soj ntsuam raws txoj kev, qhov chaw nres tsheb. Ntxiv rau ob yam khoom ntawm thawj txoj kev, kev mus ntsib Chuchelsky pass yog suav nrog, los ntawm txoj kev mus rau beech hav zoov thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov dej loj tshaj plaws hauv zos, Kacha. Qhov chaw nres tsheb tom ntej yog qhov kawg ntawm txoj kev, Arbor ntawm Cua, nyob ntawm qhov siab ntawm 1424 m saum hiav txwv theem. Ntawm ntau qhov pom hauv qab no koj tuaj yeem pom "Artek". Qhov no yog ua raws li Nikitsky Pass thiab qhov kawg nres - Red Stone cordon.

Reviews

Nws tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia hauv cov lus zoo siab ntawm txoj kev xaiv los ntawm, lawv yuav tsum pom. Peb tuaj yeem hais tias Crimean Nature Reserve muaj cov kev tshuaj xyuas zoo tshaj plaws. Txawm hais tias qee qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tau hais, txhua yam zoo ib yam, cov lus xaus nrog exclamations ntawm kev qhuas rau qhov xwm txheej, kev zoo nkauj ntawm kev pom tshwj xeeb, huab cua, kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm hiav txwv thiab roob.