Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lavxias Railways, St. Petersburg: piav qhia, keeb kwm, nthuav qhov tseeb thiab tshuaj xyuas

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:52

Tsev khaws puav pheej ua haujlwm tsis txwv rau kev kos duab. Txhawm rau khaws cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim kho kev lag luam, lub hauv paus pib ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo uas ua rau lub teb chaws muaj zog tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, kuj yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tsev cia puav pheej thiab cov chaw cia khoom. Keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, tsim, kev loj hlob ntawm railways nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws pib ob centuries dhau los. Nws zoo li cas, thawj cov cuab yeej zoo li cas, txuas hniav thiab cov cuab yeej siv li cas, qhia rau Lavxias Railways Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv St.

thawj qhov kev nthuav tawm

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Railway Tsheb thauj mus los ntawm Lavxias Federation hauv St. Petersburg ntawm Sadovaya Street yog ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej qub tshaj plaws rau kev khaws cia keeb kwm ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev xav. Emperor Alexander kuv yog tus kheej koom nrog hauv nws qhov kev tsim, tau tshaj tawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm txog qhov no. Nws hais tias lub koom haum ntawm Corps of Engineers tau tsim nyob rau hauv Yusupov Palace, qhov twg cov tshuab thiab cov qauv tseem ceeb rau Russia thiab lwm lub xeev yuav tsum tau khaws cia. Thawj cov qauv tau tshwm sim hauv 1813. Lub exposition tau nyob rau hauv rau lub halls, qhov twg cov khoom pov thawj tau sau raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm teej tug mus rau ib tug los yog lwm tus neeg.lwm thaj chaw. Cov chaw khaws cia kuj tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho, qauv ntawm txoj kev, cov qauv, choj.

Xyoo 1823, lub koom haum thiab tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Lavxias Railways raug xa mus rau Moskovsky Prospekt. Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau tau nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab nthuav tawm; kev mus ntsib tau qhib rau pej xeem txij li xyoo 1862. Cov khoom sau tau tas li ntxiv, cov peev txheej tseem ceeb yog cov koom haum, cov haujlwm ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg saib xyuas.

Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj npe tom qab Nicholas I

Nyob rau lub sijhawm 100th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev yug los ntawm Tsar Nicholas kuv, uas tau ua ntau yam rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm railway infrastructure ntawm Russia, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub department nyob rau hauv St. nws yog lub npe ntawm tus huab tais. Lub nplai ntawm lub npe thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom pov thawj yuav tsum muaj qhov chaw loj. Kev tsim kho lub tsev tshiab ntawm tsoomfwv thaj av hauv Yusupov Garden tau pib ua kom nws lub ntsej muag tau ntsib Sadovaya Street. Ntxiv rau cov khoom uas muaj feem xyuam rau kev lag luam kev tsheb ciav hlau, cov khoom ntawm Lavxias teb sab nthuav tawm ntawm kev thauj dej uas tau koom nrog Paris World Exhibition (1901) raug xa mus rau lub tsev cia puav pheej tshiab. Cov keeb kwm ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia no tseem tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov chav tsev ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej niaj hnub no, piv txwv li, tus qauv "Pleisir Yacht" ntawm Peter the Great, icebreaker "Baikal", txuas hniav thiab ntau dua.

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Lavxias Railways tshiab tau qhib rau xyoo 1902, thiab los ntawm 1904 muaj ob-zaj dab neeg tis tau ntxiv los ua kom pom kev nplua nuj. Ntau qhov rarities loj heev tau muab tso rau ntawm no: lub nkoj ntawm Peter I, nrog rau lub nkoj ntawm Emperor Alexander II, banners ntawm railway battalion. Lub tis thib ob tau tsim hauv xyoo 1909 thiab lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau hloov mus rau nws, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd.100 xyoo.

sijhawm Soviet

Lub kiv puag ncig thiab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb yuav luag rhuav tshem tag nrho cov tsev khaws khoom pov tseg, tsuas yog los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm cov neeg nyiam yuav luag txhua yam tau txais kev cawmdim. Nws pib ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1924, qhov kev nthuav tawm muaj tsib lub tsev, nyob rau hauv uas cov keeb kwm theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm kev thauj mus los tau saib.

Los ntawm 1934, 11,843 units ntawm kev khaws cia tau sau npe rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej cov nyiaj. Lub sijhawm no, Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Lavxias Railway qhia txog kev coj ua ntawm kev teeb tsa ceg, kev mus ncig ua si.

Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj tau ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj rau lub tsev cia puav pheej, tag nrho cov khoom pov thawj raug coj mus rau Novosibirsk. Kev kho dua tshiab ntawm lub tsev thiab ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kev nthuav tawm tshiab tau pib tom qab tshem tawm, hauv xyoo 1944. Los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm, thawj qhov kev nthuav qhia tau qhib rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1948, nws tau teeb tsa rau hnub ntawm tus neeg caij tsheb ciav hlau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Central Park.

Cov xwm txheej ntawm Central Tsev khaws puav pheej tau txais xyoo 1987, uas tau qhib lub sijhawm zoo rau kev sau cov ntaub ntawv thiab ntxiv nyiaj. Nyob rau theem tam sim no, Lavxias Railways Tsev khaws puav pheej khaws ntau dua 60 txhiab khoom, uas suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv, lithographs, kos duab, qauv, qauv thiab txog tsib caug locomotives tiag tiag.

exhibition tam sim no

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab Railways (St. Petersburg) caw koj kom paub koj tus kheej nrog kev nthuav qhia nyob rau hauv cuaj chav:

• Hall 1: "Kev yug ntawm txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau hauv tebchaws Russia". Cov sawv cev qhia txog thawj txoj kev tsheb ciav hlau los ntawm lub tebchaws thiab lub ntiaj teb. Koj tuaj yeem pom cov qauv ntawm thawj txoj hlua nrog koj tus kheej ob lub qhov muag, ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm kev tso thawj lem. Txoj caitus qauv ntawm thawj chav locomotive yog ua qauv qhia.
• Hall 2: "Bridge building". Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev no, ib tus tuaj yeem txaus siab rau ntau haiv neeg ntawm tib neeg kev txawj ntse hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm choj tsev rau Lavxias Railways. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj cov qauv ntawm kev ncua, ib leeg-khiav, cov pob zeb muaj zog, kab teeb thiab ntau lwm cov qauv choj rau kev tshuaj xyuas.
• Hall 3: Rolling stock. Kev nthuav qhia ntawm lub tsev muaj cov duab, qauv ntawm thawj chav locomotives thiab wagons. Cov khoom siv tiag tiag uas muab kev sib txuas lus ntawm Lavxias Railways tau nthuav tawm. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej khaws cov ntaub ntawv hais txog lub sijhawm no, uas tuaj yeem pom hauv rooj plaub.
• Hall 4: "Railways in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945". Qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev no yog nyob los ntawm ib lub diorama uas qhia txog kev kho dua tshiab ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb puas. Cov qauv ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau armored ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm Civil thiab Great Patriotic Wars kuj tau nthuav tawm.
• Hall 5: "Kev tsim kho thiab kev siv tshuab". Lub tsev nthuav qhia keeb kwm thiab niaj hnub qauv ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim los rau kev tsim kho.
• Hall 6. "Model ntawm ib tug mechanized sorting toj". Cov txheej txheem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws keeb kwm thiab cov dab neeg. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab Railways tau khaws cia txij li xyoo 1935, tus qauv yog Krasny Liman chaw nres tsheb (Donetsk railway). Kuj tseem muaj cov qauv ua haujlwm ntawm shunting locomotive.
• Hall 7: Locomotive building. Ib qho kev nthuav qhia zoo siab. Locomotives nyob rau hauv tag nrho loj yog muab tso rau hauv lub tsev. nws muaj peev xwm taug qab txoj kev ntawm lub tshuab los ntawm kev kos duab mus rau lub tshuab ua haujlwm. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib qho kev sau loj ntawm cov duab keeb kwm tau tshwm sim.
• Hall Number 8: Lub tsev tsheb. Ntawm no yog evolutionwagons, los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau cov qauv tshwj xeeb tsim los thauj roj, cawv, ntses nyob, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev tsim kho tshiab kawg ntawm Lavxias cov engineers rau kev txav ceev kuj tseem nyob hauv chav.
• Hall 9: "Kev koom tes ntawm tsheb ciav hlau". Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Lavxias teb sab Railways nthuav tawm cov khoom siv los ntawm thawj qhov chaw mus rau cov tshuab computer niaj hnub. Tus qauv loj (43 meters ntev) tau teeb tsa ntawm no, tso cai rau koj nkag siab txog cov kev pabcuam xa tawm, uas suav nrog plaub qhov chaw nres tsheb, kev khiav tsheb ciav hlau hluav taws xob.

Tshuag lag luam

Ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb Lebyazhye ntawm Oktyabrskaya Railway, Lavxias Railways Tsev khaws puav pheej tau teeb tsa thaj chaw nthuav qhia uas yuav thov rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Ntawm no yog sau 50 cov khoom pov thawj uas sawv cev rau cov locomotives tiag tiag. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog tshwj xeeb thiab muaj nyob rau ntau xyoo ntawm kev tsim, muaj chav locomotives ntawm 1913, diesel locomotives ntawm 1944 thiab lwm yam. Ib feem ntawm cov locomotives yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub exhibition cheeb tsam ntawm lub Riga railway chaw nres tsheb (MSK railway) thiab nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub Varshavsky railway chaw nres tsheb (Lub Kaum Hli railway).

Reviews

Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib mus rau Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lavxias Railways hauv St. Petersburg feem ntau zoo siab heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias kev ncig ua si los ntawm cov txiv nrog cov menyuam yaus. Cov neeg laus sau tseg ntau ntawm cov locomotives tiag tiag, locomotives, cov qauv ua haujlwm. Cov kws qhia, uas tau muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov khoom pov thawj hauv cov tsev khaws puav pheej, tau txais cov qhab nia zoo. Cov neeg tuaj saib tau sau tseg tias lub txhab nyiaj ntawm kev paub tau rov ua dua.

Cov lus teb tsis zoo cuam tshuam me metus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom pov thawj uas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm sab hauv. Cov niam txiv uas muaj menyuam hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem pib thiab cov hnub nyoog preschool yws tias nws nyuaj rau nce cov khoom loj.

Tab sis qhov kev xav dav dav ntawm txhua tus yog qhov zoo, yuav luag txhua tus qhia tsis txhob hla dhau, tab sis kom nkag mus thiab pom txhua yam ntawm koj tus kheej, yav tom ntej. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab Railways, chaw nyob: txoj kev Sadovaya, lub tsev No. 50 (metro chaw nres tsheb "Spasskaya", "Sadovaya", "Sennaya Square"). Tus nqi ntawm daim pib hnub ua haujlwm yog 300 rubles, hnub so - 400 rubles. Muaj luv nqi rau cov menyuam yaus, cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab cov nyiaj laus.