Cov txheej txheem:
- Nyob rau hauv raid
- Tsis yog thawj tus ntawm no
- Ua kom muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua
- Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub fort hauv Crimean phiaj xwm
- Kev koom tes ntawm Konstantinovsky fortification rau kev tawm tsam fascism
- Ravelin Tsev khaws puav pheej
Video: Konstantinovsky Ravelin Tsev khaws puav pheej (Sevastopol)
2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:51
Lub Nroog Hero ntawm Sevastopol tau rov ua haujlwm ua lub hauv paus muaj zog naval thiab outpost. Nws cov neeg nyob tau rov ua tej txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua siab loj thiab kev ua yeeb yam. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam Sevastopol, ntau lub fortifications tiv thaiv tau tsim, suav nrog Alexander Ravelin.
Nyob rau hauv raid
Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Sevastopol Bay ntawm Konstantinovsky Cape, keeb kwm fortification tau muaj sia nyob rau hnub no - ob-tiered ravelin, sab hauv uas tau muab faib ua cov chav me me - casemates. Lawv nyob ntawm txoj kev ntev thiab txuas mus rau ib leeg raws li txoj cai enfilade.
Nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag pob zeb phab ntsa ntawm qhov siab zoo muaj qhov me me zoo li qhov - qhov khoob lossis qhov khoob tsim los rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm qhov deb thiab ze ze.
Lub roj teeb muaj tus nees nees uas ua raws li cov duab ntawm lub taub hau.
Qhov kev xav zoo ntawm lub roj teeb yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua tub rog ua tiav. Tom qab tag nrhoKonstantinovsky ravelin nrog zoo xws li Alexandrovsky thiab Mikhailovsky tiv thaiv kev nkag mus rau Sevastopol Bay. Muaj tsib lub ravelins nyob rau hauv Sevastopol Bay, tab sis tsuas yog ob tug tau muaj sia nyob rau hnub no. Ob leeg ntawm lawv thiab tam sim no tsis muaj nyob Alexandrovsky tau muab npe tom qab cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm Catherine II - Alexander Pavlovich, Mikhail Pavlovich thiab Konstantin Pavlovich.
Tsis yog thawj tus ntawm no
Konstantinovskaya roj teeb tau tsim tsa rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm nws cov thawj coj - lub pob zeb thiab lub ntiaj teb fortification, uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Sevastopol Bay ua tsaug rau tus thawj coj Lavxias teb sab A. V. Suvorov. Ua ntej lub pob zeb thiab lub ntiaj teb kev tsim kho, tseem muaj ib lub fortification ntawm no, tsuas yog tsim los ntawm lub ntiaj teb.
Amazing craftsmen ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev tsim cov chaw ruaj khov. Suvorov fortification tau tsim raws li qhov project ntawm Franz Devolan. Thiab Konstantinovsky fort yog tsim los ntawm cov tub rog engineers Karl Burno, Felkerzam thiab Pavlovsky nrog tus kheej kev koom tes ntawm Nicholas I.
Ua kom muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua
Cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Konstantinovsky ravelin tsis muaj kev xav tsawg. Lub ru tsev kab rov tav ntawm cov qauv nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter yog txwv los ntawm ib tug parapet phab ntsa nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua slots, tom qab uas artillery pieces tau zoo camouflaged. Tag nrho qhov siab ntawm phab ntsa mus txog kaum ob meters.
Ntawm ob sab lub ru tsev ntawm lub ntsiab "horseshoe" yog flanked los ntawm impregnable square yees. Tsuas yog cov neeg tiv thaiv tuaj yeem nqes mus rau lub tshav puam los ntawm lawv - nrog rau qhov tshwj xeeb ramp. Txawm muaj ob-zaj dab neeg barracks raug teeb tsa li ntawduas pab tiv thaiv lub fortification. Thiab los ntawm sab nraud nws muaj zog los ntawm ib tug moat nrog ib tug scarp phab ntsa.
Lub roj teeb tau ntxiv nrog 94 artillery pieces ntawm ntau yam caliber thiab lub zog. Artillery garrison ntawm lub fortress - 479 tus neeg.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub fort hauv Crimean phiaj xwm
Lub roj teeb thawj zaug tau tawm tsam thiab raug kev puas tsuaj loj heev hauv xyoo 1854, thaum nws ntsib cov tub rog Askiv ntawm kaum ib lub nkoj sib ntaus sib tua. Tawm tsam nws plaub caug-kawg phom, ntau tshaj plaub puas nees nkaum-tsib tau muab tso tseg. Ib nrab ntawm cov roj teeb cannons tau ua tsis taus thaum sib ntaus sib tua.
Kev tawm tsam ntawm lub fortress ntawm hiav txwv tau nres ua tsaug rau lub tswv yim ntawm Admiral Kornilov. Tus thawj coj tub rog tau hais kom ua tiav xya lub nkoj uas ploj lawm thiab cov khoom siv tsis siv neeg ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub bay.
Kev koom tes ntawm Konstantinovsky fortification rau kev tawm tsam fascism
Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1942, cov fascists uas txeeb thaj chaw ntawm Crimean ceg av qab teb tau nyob ntawm Radiogorka thiab ze ntawm Mikhalovsky ravelin. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv pib ib tug loj heev shelling ntawm Konstantinovskaya chaw ruaj khov, nrog rau kev pab los ntawm tso tsheb hlau luam. Ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg tiv thaiv tau tuag, uas tam sim no nco txog los ntawm ib tug monument tsim nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum ntawm lub fortress cheeb tsam, qhov twg ib tug loj grave twb tom qab khawb.
70 Soviet cov tub rog tiv thaiv kev tshem tawm ntawm Lavxias lub nkoj los ntawm Sevastopol Bay mus rau lub nkoj kawg, thiab tom qab ntawd tawg lawv tus kheej nrog ib feem ntawm lub fortifications. Lub cev ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub fortress Ivan Kulinich tau dai los ntawm Nazisphab ntsa. Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias cov neeg tiv thaiv ntawm lub fortress tau raug txib kom tawm ntawm lub fortress, tab sis lawv ua tsis tau li no, vim Nazis tsoo tag nrho cov nkoj thiab rafts.
Nyob rau hnub ua yeeb yam ntawm kev tiv thaiv "Me Sevastopol", tus kws sau ntawv Yuri Strezin tau sau phau ntawv "Fortress ntawm Hiav Txwv Dub".
Tom qab Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, lub fortress poob nws lub peev xwm sib ntaus sib tua thiab tau siv los ua kev soj ntsuam: lub teeb pom kev zoo tau nruab ntawm no. Cov tsev khaws khoom thiab cov vaj tsev zoo li tawb kuj tau teeb tsa tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv mus rau hauv tsev sib ntaus ntses ntses.
Ravelin Tsev khaws puav pheej
Kev puas tsuaj loj heev thaum lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj, Konstantinovsky ravelin ntawm Sevastopol tau ua haujlwm los saib xyuas lub sijhawm ntev. Tab sis ua tsaug rau Lavxias teb sab Geographical Society, nws tau rov qab los nyob rau hauv 2017. Nws siv 780 lab rubles los kho nws. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej keeb kwm tau qhib hauv lub tsev.
Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov ravelin, hauv qab daus thiab lub lawj saib xyuas tau muab tso rau hauv kev txiav txim. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nws tau cog lus tias yuav kho lub tsev thib ob, berths thiab lwm qhov chaw. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kho dua tshiab, saib cov yees kuj tau muab tshem tawm.
Tam sim no, kev txav dawb nyob ib puag ncig nthuav qhia ntawm Konstantinovsky Ravelin Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Sevastopol raug txwv. Koj tuaj yeem tuaj ntawm no ib leeg lossis nrog pab pawg neeg ncig tebchaws, tab sis ib txwm nrog cov lus qhia. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom pov thawj ntawm ob qhov kev nthuav qhia. Thawj tus yog nplooj siab rau keeb kwmKonstantinovsky ravelin mus txog rau thaum nws restoration. Lwm qhov kev txhawj xeeb txog keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Geographical Society. Cov sijhawm qhib ntawm Konstantinovsky ravelin - txhua hnub los ntawm 10 teev sawv ntxov txog 5 teev tsaus ntuj hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab thaum 10 teev sawv ntxov txog 6 teev tsaus ntuj hauv lub caij ntuj sov, thiab muab faib ua hnub rau pab pawg thiab ib tus neeg mus ntsib.
Nws thiaj li tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm dhau los, ravelin tau dhau mus rau hauv lub tuam txhab ntiag tug Ravelink LLC. Yog li ntawd, txoj hmoo ntawm kev suav nrog lub tsev nyob rau hauv keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej project-park "Patriot" tau ua heev illusory. Thiab cov neeg tuaj saib lub tsev khaws puav pheej, rov qab los nrog cov nyiaj ntawm lub koom haum hauv lub xeev, yuav daim pib ntawm tus nqi coj mus muag.
Tab sis txawm tias cov neeg uas tsis tau mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Konstantinovsky ravelin tuaj yeem koom nrog cov kev lig kev cai qub Sevastopol - tav su ntawm rab phom loj los ntawm parapet ntawm lub fortification. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias nws yog Sevastopol cannon txhaj rau xyoo 1819 uas tau tsim lub hauv paus rau qhov kev lig kev cai no hauv lwm lub nroog chaw nres nkoj, suav nrog St. Petersburg.
Pom zoo:
Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Hluav Taws Xob Tsheb thauj mus los (Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lub Nroog Hluav Taws Xob Tsheb thauj mus los ntawm St. Petersburg): keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, tsev khaws khoom khaws cia, sijhawm qhib, tshuaj xyuas
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob yog ib feem ntawm St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise Gorelektrotrans, uas muaj cov khoom pov thawj ntawm nws daim ntawv tshuav nyiaj li cas, qhia txog kev txhim kho hluav taws xob thauj hauv St. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev sau yog luam ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb ntawm trolleybuses thiab trams, uas tau siv ntau hauv lub nroog
Npaum tsev cia puav pheej hauv Moscow: npe, qhib sijhawm. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Optical Illusions. Tsev khaws puav pheej Dinosaur. Niaj hnub Art Museum
Txog thaum tsis ntev los no, nws tau ntseeg tias kev mus xyuas cov tsev khaws puav pheej yog ib qho kev ua si lom zem thiab tsis txaus ntseeg, tab sis niaj hnub no qhov kev xav no tau raug rhuav tshem ntev. Nthuav tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow, tshiab thiab qub, ib txwm nyiam cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi. Feem ntau ntawm cov qhua ntawm lub nroog yuav tsis nco lub sij hawm mus xyuas yam tsawg kawg yog ib tug ntawm lawv, thiab xws li ib tug ua si yuav tsis tsuas yog nthuav, tab sis kuj pab tau rau cov me nyuam thiab cov hluas, thiab cov laus
Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm ntawm OAO GAZ. GAZ Tsev khaws puav pheej Tours
Ib tsob ntoo qub tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia - Gorky Automobile Building (GAZ). Lub tsev khaws puav pheej, uas tau sau tag nrho cov keeb kwm ntawm lub tuam txhab thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb sau ntawm lub tsheb, caw txhua leej txhua tus mus xyuas lub exposition, tau paub txog cov cuab yeej ntawm yav dhau los thiab niaj hnub tsheb qauv
Tsev khaws puav pheej Architecture: duab thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws. State Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Architecture muaj npe tom qab A.V. Shchusev
Russian tsev cia puav pheej qhia txog keeb kwm thiab niaj hnub ntawm peb lub tebchaws. Lawv ua qhov no tsis tsuas yog nrog cov khoom pov thawj, tab sis kuj nrog lawv cov hmoov zoo. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm architecture nyob rau hauv Vozdvizhenka nyob rau hauv Moscow yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nthuav - ib tug surreal qhov chaw rau ib tug zoo tib yam qhua
Museum-chav tsev, tsev-tsev cia puav pheej, tsev cia puav pheej-tsev: piav qhia, piv txwv
Tsev khaws puav pheej los ntawm qhov pom ntawm qhov qub txeeg qub teg - lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Muses, Muzeon (museion), tab sis nyob rau niaj hnub no lub tswv yim no tau poob nws qhov qub xws li lub ntsiab lus dav. Qhov chaw uas tib neeg tau koom nrog kev tshawb fawb, kos duab, ntawv nyeem tau txais cov ntsiab lus sib txawv ntawm kab lis kev cai: cov no yog cov monuments los ntawm lub sijhawm qub thiab cov duab kos duab, cov qauv uas koj tuaj yeem kawm txog lub ntiaj teb ntuj, txhua yam tsis tshua muaj thiab xav paub, sau rau hauv ib qho. exposition rau saib los ntawm txhua tus