Monument to Mannerheim hauv Russia (duab)

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:49

Monument to Mannerheim - lub cim nco txog, kev teeb tsa uas ua rau muaj kev sib cav loj hauv St. Nws tshwm sim hauv 2016, tab sis tau muab tshem tawm tom qab ob peb lub hlis. Tus thawj coj tub rog Finnish thiab cov nom tswv tseem yog ib tus neeg tsis sib haum xeeb, cov neeg sau keeb kwm tsis tuaj yeem muab qhov kev ntsuas tsis meej ntawm nws cov haujlwm txawm tias niaj hnub no. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog cov twists thiab tig ib ncig ntawm veneration ntawm nws lub cim xeeb nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws thiab daim duab ntawm lub teb marshal nws tus kheej.

Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm tus kheej ntawm tus general

Kev teeb tsa ntawm lub monument rau Mannerheim hauv 2016 hauv St. Petersburg tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw solemn. Nws tau txiav txim siab muab ib daim ntawv memorial rau Finnish field marshal, uas tau tshwm sim ntawm lub tsev 22 ntawm Zakharyevskaya Street nyob rau sab qaum teb lub nroog. Lub ceremony tau koom nrog Sergei Ivanov, uas nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd tau ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Russia.

Tam sim no, kev teeb tsa lub monument rau Mannerheim hauv St. Petersburg tam sim ntawd tau nug ntau yam. Nws daim duab tseem nyob niaj hnub nocontradictory thiab complex rau lub teb chaws keeb kwm. Qhov no yog ib tug Lavxias teb sab general ntawm Finnish keeb kwm, ib tug txawj ntse txawj ntse tub ceev xwm thiab cavalryman, ib tug adherent ntawm huab tais. Nws txoj hmoo tau hloov pauv ntau heev tom qab Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig.

Kev tsov rog pej xeem uas ua raws li kev los rau lub hwj chim ntawm Bolsheviks tau faib lub teb chaws Ottoman mus rau ob tog tawm tsam. Ib txhia pib txhawb Reds, lwm tus - Cov Dawb. Ntawm cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm Lenin thiab nws tog, muaj ntau tus uas khaws lawv txoj kev ntxub ntxaug rau cov nom tswv uas lawv tau tsim kom txog thaum kawg ntawm lawv lub neej. Lwm tus nyob rau hauv 20-40s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum tau hloov lawv tus cwj pwm ntawm Bolsheviks, ib txhia mob siab rau lawv lub neej tom qab rau kev tsim kho ntawm lub xeev tshiab uas tsim nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws. Carl Mannerheim belongs rau qeb tom kawg.

Short biography

Yuav kom nkag siab tias cov xwm txheej twg coj mus rau kev teeb tsa lub monument rau Mannerheim hauv St. Petersburg, koj yuav tsum xav txog seb nws phau ntawv keeb kwm zoo li cas.

Carl Gustav Emil Mannerheim yug hauv 1867 nyob rau thaj chaw ntawm Grand Duchy ntawm Finland, uas lub sijhawm ntawd yog ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws.

Thaum tus tub muaj 13 xyoos, nws txiv tau ncaim tsev neeg mus. Kev ntxhov siab, nws tawm mus rau Paris. Ib xyoos tom qab, nws niam tuag. Kev ua tub rog ua haujlwm zoo li Gustav qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15 xyoos, nws nkag mus rau hauv tub rog tub rog, uas nws raug ntiab tawm hauv 1886, mus AWOL.

Xyoo tom ntej, Mannerheim nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv tub rog hauv St. Ua li no, nws mob siab kawm cov lus Lavxias, ntau yamlub hlis kawm nrog tus kws qhia ntawv ntiag tug hauv Kharkov. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 22, nws kawm tiav nrog kev qhuas, tau txais ib tus tub ceev xwm qib.

Nyob hauv Nyiv thiab Tuam Tshoj

Mannerheim tau ua haujlwm hauv pab tub rog Lavxias los ntawm 1887 txog 1917. Xyoo 1904 nws raug xa mus rau Russo-Japanese War. Thaum xub thawj, tus tub ceev xwm units tau tso tseg. Tom qab ntawd Tus Thawj Tub Ceev Xwm Kuropatkin txawm li cas los xij txiav txim siab siv lawv hauv kev tawm tsam ntawm Yingkou txhawm rau txhawm rau ntes cov chaw nres nkoj Nyij Pooj nrog cov nkoj, tsoo lub choj kev tsheb ciav hlau txhawm rau cuam tshuam kev sib txuas lus ntawm Mukden thiab Port Arthur, uas twb tau ntes los ntawm. lub sijhawm ntawd.

Vim muaj ntau yam tsis zoo, kev tawm tsam ntawm Yingkou ua tsis tiav, cov tub rog Lavxias tau swb. Tib lub sijhawm, pawg Mannerheim yeej tsis koom nrog.

Lub Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1905, tus thawj coj txoj sia tau raug xwm txheej. Nws pab tub rog tau raug hluav taws kub hnyav. Qhov kev txiav txim raug tua, thiab Mannerheim nws tus kheej raug nqa los ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm tus neeg raug mob Talisman, uas tuag sai sai tom qab.

Los ntawm 1906 txog 1908, tus thawj coj tau siv sijhawm rau kev tshawb fawb nto moo hauv Suav teb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tau raug lees paub los ua tus tswv cuab hwm ntawm Lavxias Geographical Society.

Mannerheim tau txib ib pab tub rog tub rog nyob rau hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog I. Rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Krasnik nws tau txais khoom plig St. George riam phom.

Nws txawv ntawm nws tus kheej thaum hla tus dej San, koom nrog hauv Warsaw-Ivangorod kev ua haujlwm, vim tias cov tub rog Austrian-German tau poob siab.

Tom qab lub teb chaws vam meej

Xov xwm ntawm abdication ntawm Emperor Nicholas II pom nws nyob rau hauv Moscow. Rau lub kiv puag ncigMannerheim muaj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo, tseem tshuav ib tus huab tais ruaj khov mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej.

Tus thawj coj nws tus kheej tau xav ntau ntxiv txog kev tshem tawm ntawm kev ua tub rog vim kev vam meej ntawm cov tub rog. Nws rov hais dua mus rau Tsoom Fwv Tsev Kawm Ntawv ib ntus kom siv cov kev ntsuas radical ntxiv los tawm tsam qhov no.

Tom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig, nws tau hu kom muaj kev tawm tsam, tab sis ua rau nws xav tsis thoob nws tau ntsib nrog kev tsis txaus siab los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg Lavxias siab uas lawv tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam Bolsheviks.

Tom qab ntawd, nws mus rau Finland los txhawb nws txoj kev ywj pheej tshiab. Mannerheim tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj coj. Nws tau tswj hwm sai sai tsim ib pab tub rog 70,000-muaj zog, uas yeej Tsov Rog Tsov Rog hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub tebchaws no. Red Guard tau thim rov qab mus rau Russia.

Tom qab lub tebchaws Yelemes tso tseg, nws tau raug tsa los ua tus thawj coj hauv xeev. Nws nrhiav kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb ntawm Finland txoj kev ywj pheej. Mannerheim kuj tau txhawb nqa White zog nyob rau hauv Russia, hatched cov phiaj xwm rau kev sib tw tawm tsam Petrograd, tab sis qhov no tsis ua rau muaj dab tsi. Xyoo 1919, nws poob kev xaiv tsa nom tswv, tawm hauv lub tebchaws.

Soviet-Finnish tsov rog

Nws rov qab los rau nws lub tebchaws nyob rau hauv 30s, coj pawg neeg tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv nws kev coj noj coj ua, cov tub rog Finnish tiv thaiv thawj zaug ntawm Pawg Tub Rog Liab hauv kev ua tsov rog nrog Soviet Union xyoo 1939-1940. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, daim ntawv cog lus kev thaj yeeb tau kos npe, raws li Finland poob 12% ntawm nws thaj chaw.

Tom qab ntawd, tus thawj coj pib tsim txoj kab tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv,uas tau poob hauv keeb kwm raws li txoj kab Mannerheim. Thaum Lub Xya Hli 1941, Finland tau tawm tsam tawm tsam USSR hauv kev koom tes nrog lub teb chaws Yelemees. Kev nce mus rau Petrozavodsk, nws tau hais kom cov tub rog mus ua haujlwm tiv thaiv ntawm keeb kwm Lavxias-Finnish ciam teb ntawm Karelian Isthmus.

Raws li ib feem ntawm Vyborg-Petrozavodsk kev ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1944, cov tub rog Finnish tau tsav rov qab. Mannerheim tau los ua tus thawj tswj hwm los ntawm Ryti resigned. Tom qab ntawd, nws txiav txim siab tawm ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, kos npe rau kev sib haum xeeb nrog USSR.

Lub Peb Hlis 46, nws tau tawm haujlwm vim kev noj qab haus huv. Zam kev foob rau kev koom nrog Nazis. Xyoo 1951, nws tuag tom qab kev phais mob plab.

Yog vim li cas rau kev txhim kho cov quav hniav

Yog vim li cas rau kev txhim kho lub monument rau Mannerheim nyob rau hauv Russia ntawm nws qhib ceremony nyob rau hauv 2016 ntawm lub facade ntawm lub tsev ntawm Tub rog Academy ntawm Logistics sim piav Sergei Ivanov. Raws li nws, qhov no yog ib qho kev sim kom kov yeej kev sib cais uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg. Kev sib cais cuam tshuam nrog kev txhais lus sib txawv ntawm cov xwm txheej ntawm Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig.

Ivanov tau hais tias kom txog rau thaum 1918 tus thawj coj ncaj ncees tau ua haujlwm ncaj ncees hauv tebchaws Russia, yog li nws txiav txim siab qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub monument rau Mannerheim raug txim.

Peb paub tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim tom ntej, thiab tsis muaj leej twg yuav tawm tsam lub sijhawm tom ntej Finnish keeb kwm thiab Mannerheim qhov kev ua, tsis muaj leej twg npaj yuav ntxuav lub sijhawm keeb kwm no. Feem ntau, txhua yam uas tshwm sim yog lwm qhov pov thawj ntawm kev ua neej ntawm ntau tus neeg tau hloov pauv loj heevLub kaum hli ntuj kiv puag ncig, uas nws centenary peb yuav ua kev zoo siab nyob rau hauv ib lub xyoo. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog qhov tsim nyog kev pabcuam ntawm General Mannerheim, uas nws tau ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws Russia thiab nyiam Russia, Ivanov tau hais txog.

Kev ua txhaum cai

Tib lub sijhawm, qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub monument rau Mannerheim hauv St. Petersburg tau suav hais tias yog qhov tsis zoo heev. Ob peb hnub tom qab, lub memorial plaque tau tawm tsam los ntawm vandals. Lub rooj tsavxwm tau them rau xim. Lub rooj tsavxwm tau ntxuav, tshem cov polyethylene npog nws.

Txawm li cas los xij, ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, kev ua txhaum cai tau rov ua dua. Lub monument rau Mannerheim tau rov ua dua nrog cov xim.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tib lub sij hawm, Tub Rog Engineering University thiab Lub Xeev Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Nroog Sculpture tau tshaj tawm tias lub cim nco txog tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau lawv.

Dismantling

Zaj dab neeg no xaus rau lub Kaum Hli. Lub memorial plaque tau dismantled los ntawm lub tsev ntawm Tub Rog Academy. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub rog keeb kwm Society, uas yog tus pib ntawm lub installation, hais tias nws yuav tsum tau xa mus rau lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Thawj Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog, nyob rau hauv Tsarskoye Selo.

Cov neeg tawm tsam ntawm kev ua rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov thawj coj tub rog ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws thiab ib tug tseem ceeb Finnish statesman tsis tau tsuas yog rov muab nws cov xim, tab sis kuj mus rau lub tsev hais plaub.

Monument in the Finnish peev

Nyob hauv Finland, tus cwj pwm ntawm tus thawj tub rog feem ntau yog qhov zoo. Mannerheim monument nyob rau hauv Helsinki yog ib qhontawm lub ntsiab attractions ntawm lub nroog. Qhov no yog ib tug monumental equestrian pej thuam, ntsia rau ntawm txoj kev muaj npe tom qab nws.

Cov neeg ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem pom Mannerheim monument hauv Helsinki hauv ntau daim duab. Nws yog ib tug bronze pej thuam ntawm ib tug marshal ntawm ib tug nees yuav luag 5.5 meters siab. Nws yog teem rau ntawm granite duab plaub pedestal.

Installation history

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub cim rau ib tus thawj coj tub rog uas zoo tshaj plaws tau pib tham rov qab rau xyoo 30s, tab sis tom qab ntawd lub tswv yim no tsis tau muab coj los siv. Lawv rov qab los rau qhov project tsuas yog tom qab tus thawj tub rog tuag.

Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib tw, tus neeg paub zoo Finnish sculptor Aimo Tukiainen tau los ua tus sau qhov project. Qhov kev qhib loj tau tshwm sim xyoo 1960 nyob rau hnub 93 xyoos ntawm Marshal yug.

Txij li xyoo 1998, lwm qhov kev nyiam ntawm hnub no Helsinki, Kiasma Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Kev Kawm Txuj Ci, tau tsim ua ib sab ntawm lub monument.

Monument in Tampere

Tus thawj tub rog kuj tau qhuas nyob rau hauv lub nroog tseem ceeb thib ob hauv Finland. Mannerheim monument nyob rau hauv Tampere tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1956. Nws tus sau yog Finnish sculptor Evert Porila. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas qhov project tau npaj thaum lub neej ntawm cov thawj coj tub rog nyob rau hauv 1939. Txoj haujlwm tau teem sijhawm los ua ke nrog kev ywj pheej ntawm lub nroog thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog xyoo 1918.

Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, vim muaj qhov xwm txheej nyuaj hauv lub tebchaws los ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev nom kev tswv thiab nyiaj txiag tsis ruaj khov, nws tsis tuaj yeem siv qhov kev teeb tsa ntawm lub monument. Ua li ntawd lawmtsib xyoos tom qab Marshal tuag.

Qhov chaw ntawm Mannerheim monument hauv Tampere paub zoo rau txhua tus neeg ncig tebchaws. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm lub nroog cov cim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj muaj keeb kwm tsis meej heev.

Nws hloov tawm tias hauv Finland nws tus kheej, tus cwj pwm ntawm Mannerheim yog qhov tsis meej. Lub monument nyob rau hauv lub nroog no tsis tu ncua tawm tsam los ntawm vandals. Raws li nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nws yog splashed nrog xim ntawm lub sij hawm.

Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 2004, vim muaj kev tawm tsam los ntawm kev ua phem, lub monument tsis tsuas yog puas, tab sis cov ntawv sau "Tus Neeg Tua Neeg" tau tshwm sim rau ntawm nws. Nws paub tias lo lus no tau siv los ua lub npe phem rau Finnish White Guards. Tom qab kev yeej ntawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, lawv tau pib ua Tsov Rog Dawb, uas tau dhau los ntawm Red Terror, uas Bolsheviks tau ua hauv Finland hauv qhov ntsuas thiab kev ua phem.

Los ntawm txoj kev, lub monument tshwm sim hauv Tampere tsis yog lub sijhawm. Nws yog nyob ze ntawm lub nroog no xyoo 1918 uas muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov neeg dawb thiab liab thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog. Nws ntseeg tau tias Mannerheim tau txiav txim rau kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm cov pej xeem thiab cov neeg raug kaw hauv tsov rog. Hauv Finland, lub ntsiab lus no tseem mob heev.