Step Pyramid ntawm Pharaoh Djoser (duab)

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:46

Lub tsev tsim tsa ua ntej peb lub sijhawm tsis tuaj yeem tab sis nyiam kev txaus siab ntawm noob neej niaj hnub. Qhov qub tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis meej yog suav tias yog kauj ruam pyramid, qhov project uas tau tsim los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Imhotep. Qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb no tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo pua 27 BC thiab ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kawm txog ib qho kev vam meej tshaj plaws thaum ub. Dab tsi yog paub txog lub tsev tsis meej uas tau los ua lub qhov ntxa ntawm Pharaoh Djoser? Dab tsi yog dab neeg thiab qhov tseeb cuam tshuam nrog nws?

kauj ruam pyramid - nws yog dab tsi?

Historians tau tswj kom tsim tau qhov pib tus kws kes duab vajtse Imhotep npaj los tsim ib lub qhov ntxa ib txwm. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum nws ua haujlwm, tus neeg no tau hloov pauv rau nws txoj haujlwm, qhov kawg tshwm sim uas yog lub hauv paus pyramid, suav nrog 6 qib. Lub npe ntawm lub tsev los ntawm daim ntawv nws coj.

Vim li cas Imhotep ib zaug nres ntawm tus kauj ruamdaim ntawv? Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias nws qhov kev xaiv yog vim muaj lub ntsiab lus zais cia, uas yog qhov zoo rau ntau yam piv txwv ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev qub. Cov kauj ruam ua cim kev nce mus rau saum ntuj ceeb tsheej, uas tom qab kev tuag, tus kav tebchaws Iziv uas muaj hwj chim yuav tsum ua.

Cov Kauj Ruam Pyramid yog cov qauv uas tuaj yeem qhuas tsis yog hauv Africa nkaus xwb. Cov tsev uas muaj hom no, nyob hauv Central America, tau raug khaws cia zoo kawg nkaus. Txawm li cas los xij, lub qhov ntxa ntawm Falau Djoser yog thawj zaug thiab yog li ntawd tseem muaj qhov tshwj xeeb.

Qhov chaw

thaj av thaum ub nyiam ntau txhiab tus neeg ncig tebchaws txhua xyoo uas xav paub yuav mus txog qhov ntawd. Cov kauj ruam pyramid tsim los ntawm Imhotep yog nyob rau hauv "lub plawv" ntawm Saqqara faus complex. Ntxiv nrog rau lub tsev nto moo nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm necropolis, koj tuaj yeem pom ntau lub tuam tsev me me thiab qhov ntxa. Kwv yees li 30 km ntawm Saqqara yog lub nroog Egyptian ntawm El Giza.

Lub Pyramid ntawm Pharaoh Djoser yog qhov yooj yim nyob ntawm ntug toj siab. Qhov chaw rau cov qauv majestic tsis tau xaiv los ntawm nws tus tsim los ntawm lub sijhawm. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntseeg tias Imhotep tau ntxim nyiam los ntawm qhov pom zoo ntawm Memphis. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias ua ntej kev tsim kho ntawm cov qauv no, cov vajntxwv Iyiv lub qhov ntxa tsuas yog nyob hauv thaj chaw, uas hu ua Abydos.

Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws kom tau mus rau Saqqara yog los ntawm kev kos npe rau kev mus ncig yog tias cov neeg ncig tebchaws tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm lub sijhawm txwv.

Yuav ua li cas paub txog cov neeg tsim cov pyramids?

QhiaLub pyramid ntawm Pharaoh Djoser immortalized lub Egyptian huab tais, uas tsis txawv nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib yam dab tsi tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm nws kav. Mus ib txhis poob rau hauv keeb kwm thiab tus tsim ntawm lub tsev tshwj xeeb - Imhotep. Tus txiv neej no yog ib tug kws tshaj lij tshaj lij uas ua haujlwm rau tus kav tebchaws Iziv.

Imhotep tau tswj hwm los ua thawj tus kws kos duab uas nws lub npe tau kos rau ntawm cov mlom ntawm huab tais, nws kuj tau hais hauv qhov chaw faus neeg. Keeb kwm tseem tsis tau muaj peev xwm tsim kom muaj lub xyoo ntawm tus txiv neej no lub neej, nrog rau qhov chaw ntawm nws faus. Tom qab tawm hauv lub ntiaj teb no, tus kws kes duab vajtse tau deified, nws contemporaries tshaj tawm nws tus vaj tswv ntawm tshuaj. Muaj cov tsev teev ntuj ancient hu ua Imhotep, nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm lawv nyiam cov neeg mob, thov Vajtswv kom kho. Daim duab piav qhia txog tus kws tsim vaj tsev tam sim no tso rau ntawm Louvre.

Siv pob zeb

Lub Pyramid ntawm Djoser ntawm Saqqara yog thawj lub tsev ntawm nws hom hauv tebchaws Iziv siv pob zeb. Ua ntej lub advent ntawm lub hlwb ntawm Imhotep, tag nrho cov tombs tau ua siv raw bricks. Lawv feem ntau ploj mus ua ntej peb lub sijhawm, vim tias cov khoom siv tsis haum rau lub hom phiaj no.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob ua qhov muag tsis pom kev ntseeg cov lus qhia uas hais tias qhov no yog thawj lub pob zeb loj hauv ntiaj teb. Yav dhau los, Fabkis Barnenes tau tsim, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, nws muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 6 txhiab xyoo.

theem tsim

Tshwj xeeb, nqisLub pyramid nyob rau hauv Saqqara tau tsim nyob rau hauv 4 theem, uas kuj tau los ua ib yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm Ancient Egypt. Txawm hais tias lub xeev uas cov qauv niaj hnub no, txhua theem ntawm nws txoj kev tsim kho yog ib qho yooj yim mus taug qab txawm tias tam sim no. Qhov no yog ua tau ua tsaug rau qhov sib txawv masonry, configuration ntawm chambers thiab tunnels.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev tsis meej pib nrog kev tsim lub qhov ntxa. Raws li tau hais los saum no, pob zeb tau ua cov khoom siv rau nws. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim tsis haum rau Egyptian pharaoh. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb qhia, qhov teeb meem yog qhov me me ntawm cov qauv. Qhov thib ob theem yog qhov nce ntawm qhov ntev thiab qhov dav ntawm cov duab plaub.

The Step Pyramid yog lub tsev zoo li nyob rau theem peb. Nws tau txais peb qhov ntxiv add-ons, thaum kawg tau txais plaub theem. Falau rov tsis txaus siab, yog li ntawd lub qhov ntxa tau nthuav dav ntxiv, ntxiv ob theem sab saud. Siv cov cib nyoos, cov neeg Iyiv yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov no. Tsis xav tsis thoob, kev siv pob zeb tom qab ua tiav ntawm lub pyramid ntawm Saqqara tuaj rau hauv vogue.

Technical details

Qhov siab ntawm rau-kauj ruam pyramid yog li 60 meters. Rau kev sib piv, tib qhov taw qhia rau ib lub tsev nrog 16 pem teb tsis ntau tshaj 43 meters. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev, tsa los ntawm lub siab nyiam ntawm Djoser, ib zaug tag nrho 125 los ntawm 115 meters. Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov xwm txheej, uas tus qauv tau raug rau ntau pua xyoo, tau txo nws qhov loj.

Destination

ib txwmlub qhov ntxa tsuas muaj cov vajntxwv Iyiv seem xwb. Cov kauj ruam Pyramid ntawm Djoser, daim duab uas tuaj yeem qhuas hauv tsab xov xwm no, tau los ua kev hloov pauv hauv qhov no thiab. Lub tsev tau dhau los ua qhov chaw zaum kawg tsis yog rau tus kav nws tus kheej xwb, tab sis kuj rau nws cov menyuam thiab cov poj niam.

Historians tsis tau tsim kom muaj pes tsawg tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub dynasty, uas nws cov pob txha raug tso rau hauv lub pyramid tom qab tuag. Tsuas paub tias muaj ntau tshaj li kaum ob ntawm lawv. Ib qho kev tshawb pom xav paub yog cov mines nyob rau sab hnub tuaj. Lawv qhov tob yog 32 meters, thaum qhov tob ntawm lub ntsiab ncej, uas tau txais lub cev ntawm tus huab tais, tsis pub tshaj 28 meters.

Qee cov kws tshawb fawb tau ntseeg tias cov mines tsis meej tau npaj rau Djoser's harem. Yog tias qhov kev xav no tau lees paub, nws yuav tig tawm tias tus naj npawb ntawm "neeg nyob" ntawm lub qhov ntxa mus dhau ib puas. Tseem muaj cov neeg uas hais tias cov mines yog qhov chaw rau khoom muaj nqis. Hmoov tsis zoo, nws nyuaj rau nrhiav tau, txij li lub qhov ntxa cov khoom muaj nqis raug raided thaum ub.

Underground tunnels

Lub Pyramid ntawm Djoser, tsim nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Imhotep, tsis yog qhov chaw yooj yim rau kev taug kev. Ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub tunnels, qhov ntev ntawm tag nrho cov tshaj 5.5 km, koj yuav nrhiav tsis tau ib txoj kev tawm. Rau kev sib piv: lub qhov ntxa ntawm lub qhov ntxa ntawm Cheops tsis pub ntau tshaj li ob peb puas meters.

Dab tsi nyob hauv?

Ntau zaus, cov neeg taug kev uas tswj xyuas pom cov pyramids zoo nkauj ntawm sab hauv xav tias khib. Lawv tsis pom muaj yeeb yujfrescoes, tsis muaj inscriptions mysterious. Cov kauj ruam Pyramid ntawm Djoser, uas tam sim no nyuaj heev kom pom koj tus kheej hauv, yuav tsis ua rau nws cov neeg tuaj saib ntsib kev poob siab.

Cov neeg ncig tebchaws yuav txaus siab thaum lawv pom lawv tus kheej hauv chav faus neeg, cov phab ntsa uas tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov vuas ntau xim (ntsuab, turquoise). Cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws yog visually zoo li cov ceramic vuas ntawm peb hnub. Yog lawm, cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no yuav tsis tshua muaj sia nyob 4600 xyoo, thaum cov vuas tsim los ntawm cov neeg thaum ub tau khaws cia zoo.

Lub pob zeb zoo nkauj dai cov phab ntsa, uas piav txog cov duab ntawm Egyptian vajtswv, kuj ntxim nyiam. Lawv tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo dua li cov vuas, vim tias lawv nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm granite blocks. Cov excavations kuj qhia cov seem ntawm ib tug sarcophagus teej tug mus rau ib tug haib pharaoh. Tsis tas li ntawd, sab hauv koj tuaj yeem qhuas cov duab ntawm tsib-taw lub hnub qub. Cov neeg Iyiv nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd koom nrog lub cim no nrog lub tsev ntawm cov neeg tuag.

Koj tuaj yeem qhuas peb cov duab kos duab zoo nkauj nrog Djoser portraits. Tus kav tebchaws Iziv tau piav qhia thaum nws koom nrog kev cai dab qhuas, lub taub hau ntawm tus vaj ntxwv tau muab lub kaus mom tsoos tsoos.

Tourist information

Qee qhov kev poob siab yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub xeev ntawm Kauj Ruam Pyramid ntawm Djoser. Tus kws tsim vaj tsev tau tswj hwm los tsim lub tsev txhim khu kev qha uas tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no, txawm li cas los xij, huab cua teeb meem thiab kev ua ntawm vandals cuam tshuam rau nws cov tsos. Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tiasLos ntawm tsoom fwv tsab cai, pub dawb nkag mus rau hauv lub attraction yog txwv. Lub sijhawm tam sim no, kev tsim kho tshiab tab tom ua haujlwm, yog li lub monument tseem nyob ib puag ncig ntawm scaffolding.

Txoj kev xav, nws tuaj yeem pom tias lub pyramid ntawm Djoser zoo li cas los ntawm sab hauv. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum tau txais kev tso cai los ntawm Egyptian Antiquities Service, tab sis nws yuav siv sij hawm ntev heev. Kev mus ntsib Sakkara muaj nyob txhua hnub, koj tuaj yeem mus rau thaj chaw ntawm necropolis los ntawm 8 txog 16 teev. Cov kev zam yog cov hnub thaum lub complex raug kaw los muab tej yam kev mob rau kev ua hauj lwm ntawm archaeologists. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej kev mus ncig, nws tsim nyog xyuas seb Saqqara tam sim no qhib rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws.

Yog koj yuav mus pom Imhotep lub hlwb nrog koj lub qhov muag, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog huab cua. Kev siv ob peb teev nyob rau hauv lub hnub yam tsis muaj peev xwm nyob hauv ib lub tsev yog qhov nyuaj heev.