Annensky fortifications ntawm Vyborg nyob rau ntawm cov kob ntawm Tverdysh. Lawv tau tsim los tiv thaiv lub hom phiaj - rau kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj kev tawm tsam los ntawm Swedes. Qhov kev nthuav dav yeej tsis tshwm sim, cov tub rog bastion niaj hnub no yog ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tub rog architecture uas tsis tau sim nws lub zog sib ntaus sib tua.
History of Creation
Annensky fortifications yog ib qho nyuaj ntawm bastions, earthen ramparts, kwj dej, curtains, tsim los kom tsis txhob cia tus yeeb ncuab hla mus rau Vyborg thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tau ob qho tib si kev tawm tsam loj thiab kev ua tub rog ntev. Kev tsim kho vaj tse pib thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Empress Anna Ioannovna. Nyob rau hauv nws lub meej mom, lawv muaj npe, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ob peb lub npe ntxiv rau cov qauv no: Kron-St. Anna, Annenkron, lub fortress ntawm St. Anna.
Keeb kwm ntawm Annensky fortifications nyob rau hauv Vyborg pib nyob rau hauv 1710, thaum Tsar Peter kuv kov yeej lub fortress los ntawm Swedes. Ua ib qho chaw ua tub rog tseem ceeb, nws tseem xav tau rau sab swb. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev hloov nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab txoj cai, high-zoo tiv thaiv fortifications nyob rau hauv Russia tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub Swedish.kev taw qhia lub fortress tseem tsis muaj zog. Nws tau txiav txim siab los sau qhov sib txawv los ntawm kev tsim cov tub rog nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm Vyborg.
Qhov project ntawm Annensky fortifications yog tsim los ntawm Major General de Coulomb. Nyob rau hauv 1731, nyob rau hauv nws cov thawj coj, kev tsim kho tau pib. Tom qab nws tuag, Field Marshal thiab Lieutenant General suav Christopher Munich txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm. Ntau tshaj 2 txhiab tus neeg tuaj koom ua haujlwm, kwv yees li 200 lub laub tau koom nrog.
Formidable Defense Complex
Yog tias peb xav txog Annensky fortifications ntawm daim ntawv qhia lossis los ntawm cov noog lub qhov muag pom, ces lawv cov qauv yuav zoo li lub kaus mom, yog li ib lub npe - Lub Crown of St. board ntawm lub fortifications tiav. Lub bastion complex suav nrog cov qauv tseem ceeb thiab pab pawg. 16 lub tsev nyob, warehouses rau phom thiab artillery pieces, hmoov khw, ib tug arsenal, peb lub khw, guardhouses, smithy, ib tug ruaj khov thiab ntau yam ntxiv.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov keeb kwm ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm Annensky fortifications, lawv yeej tsis tau siv rau lawv lub hom phiaj, tab sis tau lossi khaws cia nyob rau hauv kev ua hauj lwm. Cov chaw tau kho, kho dua tshiab, muaj tub rog garrison. Feem ntau muaj hluav taws kub hauv thaj chaw, qhov loj tshaj plaws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1793, tom qab ntawd cov tsev tau muab tso rau hauv kev txiav txim, tab sis twb nyob rau hauv 1865 lub complex poob nws.tus nqi tsim nyog.
Kev piav qhia
Annensky fortifications stretched ntawm Vyborg Bay mus rau Kev Tiv Thaiv Bay thiab muaj plaub lub zog bastions txuas los ntawm cov neeg tsim kab hlau rhuav, earthen ramparts, ditches thiab fortress phab ntsa. Cov embankments yog mus txog 10 meters siab thiab 3 meters tuab. Bastions thiab curtains yog ua tib zoo nteg granite boulders. Qhov ntev ntawm lub complex yog hais txog 1 km.
Kev hla mus rau thaj chaw ntawm Annensky fortifications tau dhau los ntawm lub rooj vag Friedrichsgam, thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho txoj kev los ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub nroog Friedrichsgam hauv Finland, tam sim no lub nroog hu ua Hamina. Lub rooj vag thib ob - Ravelin - tsis ua haujlwm tam sim no, ntawm ib sab nws raug thaiv.
Qhov kawg ntawm kev mloog rau qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm Vyborg ntawm ib feem ntawm kev muaj koob muaj npe tshwm sim xyoo 1910. Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm 200th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntes ntawm Vyborg los ntawm Peter I, obelisk rau cov tub rog poob thiab ib lub monument rau tsar tau tsa hauv lub fortress. Xyoo 1918, cov Finns tau muab nws pov tseg. Lub monument rau Peter kuv tau rov qab los tom qab tsov rog, thiab lub stele yuav tsum tau ua dua tshiab. Ib daim qauv ntawm keeb kwm monument tsuas yog ntsia hauv xyoo 1994. Nyob rau hauv 2010, lwm monument tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Annenkron - rau Admiral General F. Apraksin, nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub conquest ntawm lub fortress.
xeev tam sim no
Hnub no, Annensky fortifications yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm thaj av Leningrad thiab Vyborg, tab sis tsis muaj lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm no. Lub chaw tiv thaiv tau tseem nyob ruaj khov txij li thaum nws tsim kho, tab sis lub sijhawm tau ua rau qee qhovkev puas tsuaj. Raws li ua ntej, Annenkron nkag los ntawm Friedrichsgam Gate, nyob rau ntawm txoj kev hauv nruab nrab ntawm txoj kev. Taug kev raws nws yog qhov nthuav: thawj zaug, lub pob zeb pob zeb pavement, nteg tawm thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm lub fortress, tau khaws cia, thiab thib ob, lub tsev ntawm lub Guardhouse nyob ib sab ntawm qhov nkag.
Cordegardia yog tib lub tsev muaj sia nyob keeb kwm ntawm xyoo 1776 nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Leningrad Thaj Chaw, nws yog ib qho chaw ua vaj tse. Thawj qhov kev kho dua tshiab tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1984. Xyoo 2013, qhov chaw keeb kwm tau raug hluav taws kub nyhiab, kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws qhov kev kho dua tshiab tseem tsis tau ua tiav, thiab tsis muaj kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv lub tsev.
Raws li cov neeg nyob hauv zos tau pom, me ntsis tau ua los khaws cov fortifications, tab sis lub complex tau khaws cia rau hauv qhov zoo. Nyob rau hauv 2016, lub nroog cov tub ceev xwm ntawm Vyborg tau tsim thiab tau txais ib lub tswv yim rau kev kho dua tshiab ntawm architectural cuab yeej cuab tam, coj mus rau hauv tus account lub fact tias lub nroog yog ib tug keeb kwm kev daws teeb meem. Cov nyiaj pab rau kev siv txoj haujlwm yog faib los ntawm tsoomfwv thiab nroog cov peev nyiaj, tab sis tsis paub tias qhov kev rov qab los ntawm Annenkron yuav muaj nyob rau hauv qhov twg.
Nyob rau xyoo 2017, Vladimir Tsoi, tus thawj coj ntawm Vyborg Castle Tsev khaws puav pheej, tuav lub rooj sib tham xov xwm. Thaum lub sij hawm sib tham nrog cov neeg sau xov xwm, lawv tau sib tham txog seb Annensky fortifications hauv Vyborg puas yuav rov qab los. Raws li tus thawj coj, lub tsev ntawm lub tsev tiv thaiv tau suav nrog hauv cov phiaj xwm kho dua tshiab, qhov twg Annenkrone Tsev khaws puav pheej yuav nyob tom qab kev kho dua tshiab.
Kev siv tau nce qib li casNtawm qhov project no tseem tsis tau paub, Annensky fortifications tsis suav nrog cov qauv ntawm Vyborg Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve, ntxiv rau, cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab vaj tse no tsis yog ib qho monument, raws li cov ntaub ntawv uas twb muaj lawm.
Tsis yog tub rog txhaj tshuaj
Lub Fortress ntawm St. Anne yeej tsis tau raug foob pob, tsis muaj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov yeeb ncuab uas nce mus los ntawm nws thaj chaw, tab sis ib zaj dab neeg uas tsis txaus ntseeg tau tshwm sim ntawm no thiab. Annensky fortifications nyob rau hauv 1918 los ua qhov chaw ntawm kev tua neeg dawb huv. Kev tua tau ua los ntawm White Finns. Tau ntev, qhov xwm txheej tau nthuav tawm raws li kev tawm tsam ntawm tsoomfwv Finnish thiab Bolshevism, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg qhia tias kev tua tau ua raws li haiv neeg - Russians raug tua.
Mannerheim cov tub rog tau ntes Vyborg thaum Lub Plaub Hlis 29, ntau tus neeg tawm tsam ntawm Bolshevik kiv puag ncig coj mus rau hauv txoj kev kom ntsib cov neeg dawb Finns ua cov neeg ywj pheej. Qhov tseeb yog qhov txaus ntshai - tag nrho cov Russians raug ntes ntawm txoj kev hauv nroog thiab coj mus tua. Tsis muaj leej twg yuav zam tau txoj hmoo, lawv tau coj cov tub ntxhais kawm hauv tsev kawm theem siab, cov tub ceev xwm yav dhau los ntawm tsarist tub rog, cov thawj coj, cov kws tshawb fawb - txhua tus neeg uas tau pom.
Qhov kev tua loj tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim ze ntawm Friedrichsgam Rooj vag ntawm Annen fortifications. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg raug tsim txom yog kwv yees li ntawm 400 tus neeg, ntawm lawv yog cov pov thawj, poj niam, menyuam yaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg raug tsim txom yog cov neeg uas yuam kev yuam kev rau Russians. Poles, Jews, Italians, Tatars tuag nyob rau hauv Annenkron. Kev tua tau tshwm sim rau lub Plaub Hlis 29-30, cov neeg tawm tsam txwv tsis pub lub ntees tuag, kev tso cai rau kev faus tsuas yog muabTsib Hlis 2. Hauv lwm qhov chaw hauv nroog, kev tua txuas ntxiv mus txog rau lub Rau Hli 16.
Nyob rau hauv nco txog qhov xwm txheej txaus ntshai, ib lub monument tau tsim nyob rau hauv Soviet era ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov ntxa loj, uas cov seem ntawm ntau tshaj 1000 tus neeg raug tsim txom raug faus. Nws tuaj yeem pom yog tias koj nkag mus rau Vyborg raws txoj kev loj Scandinavia. Qhov chaw ntawm kev tua nyob ze ntawm lub rooj vag Friedrichsham ntawm lub Annensky fortifications, nyob rau hauv lub private teg num ntawm tus nrhiav antiquities V. Dudolaev, tau cim nrog ib tug ntoo khaub lig nyob rau hauv 2013. Tam sim no muaj ib lub pob zeb memorial kos npe rau lub cim xeeb ntawm tag nrho cov innocently tua uas tuag ntawm tes ntawm Finnish rangers rau lub Plaub Hlis 29, 1918.
Reviews
Vyborg yog lub nroog uas muaj ntau tus neeg ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem mus saib cov chaw nyiam hauv zos. Ib txhia ntawm lawv poob rau ntawm Annensky fortifications. Tsis muaj kev ncig xyuas tsuas yog rau qhov khoom ntawm keeb kwm tub rog architecture. Feem ntau, mus ntsib lub fortifications "Crown of St. Anne" yog suav nrog qee qhov kev mus ncig ua si, lub sijhawm me me tau mob siab rau tshawb nrhiav cov fortifications tshwj xeeb.
Cov neeg ncig tebchaws nco ntsoov tias nws yuav nthuav kom paub ntau ntxiv txog Annenkron, tab sis txoj haujlwm tsis zoo, zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov keeb kwm monuments ntawm Vyborg. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no, txhua tus neeg tuaj xyuas lub nroog yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke: nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ceev faj kom txuag tau cov cuab yeej cuab tam, thiab tam sim no ntau tus ntseeg tias qee lub tsev tsis tuaj yeem cawm tau.
Note
Annensky fortifications yogtsis deb ntawm Vyborg Tsev fuabtais thiab Mon Repos Park - ob qhov chaw nyiam tshaj plaws rau cov neeg ncig tebchaws. Niaj hnub no, jousting kev sib tw thiab kev ua koob tsheej tau tsim los ntawm ntau lub koom haum ntawm reenactors feem ntau muaj nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Annenkron complex, thiab cov tub ceev xwm hauv nroog npaj cov kev ua koob tsheej ntawm no. Lub complex nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob: Vyborg nroog, Tverdysh kob.
Cov neeg nyob hauv cia siab tias cov tsev no yuav ua tib zoo rov qab los thiab suav nrog cov npe ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab keeb kwm.
