Thawj yam uas los rau hauv siab thaum hais txog roob hluav taws yog kev puas tsuaj, kev puas tsuaj thiab kev ploj tuag. Nco qab tsawg kawg yog kev tuag ntawm lub nroog Pompeii, dej nyab los ntawm cov dej lava kub ntawm Vesuvius. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev vam meej, tib neeg tsis ua rau muaj kev ntshai thaum ntxov, tab sis xav txog kev xav, uas tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb siv hluav taws xob ua qhov tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm untamed, wild geothermal zog. Ntxiv mus, raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev xav, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub roob hluav taws uas lub neej originated, vim hais tias lub plhaub dej, lub ntiaj teb crust, thiab cov huab cua yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom ntawm volcanic kev ua si.
Qhov chaw thiab geological qauv
Mauna Loa yog lub roob hluav taws loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb hais txog qhov ntim thiab thaj tsam piv. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm ib tug loj Hawaiian kob nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv Pacific. Latitude thiab longitude ntawm Mauna Loa roob hluav taws: 19 ° 28'46 "N, 155 ° 36'09" W e.
NyobLub npe Hawaiian rau lub roob hluav taws no yog "lub roob siab". Nws yog lub roob hluav taws uas muaj zog, ib qho ntawm ntau yam uas ua rau Hawaii:
- Mauna Loa.
- Hulalai.
- Kīlauea.
- Haleakala.
- Loihi.
thawj peb yog cov neeg nyob ze ntawm Hawaii Island loj, Loihi yog lub roob hluav taws me me, thiab Haleakala nyob ntawm cov kob ntawm Maui. Qhov siab ntawm lub roob hluav taws Mauna Loa yog 4 km 169 m. Qhov kwv yees yog 75,000 km3.
Mauna Loa muaj daim ntaub thaiv npog, vim nws cov lava yog kua heev, uas tsis tso cai rau kev tsim ntawm qhov chaw siab.
Qhov xwm txheej ntawm qhov tawg yog qhov nthuav heev: thaum pib, kev sib cais tshwm sim, los ntawm qhov lava ntws los ntawm nws qhov ntev, qhov no tshwm sim rau ob peb hnub, thiab thaum kawg, kev ua haujlwm tsuas yog pom hauv lub qhov cua qhov.
Qhov "gushing" hom kev tawg yog lub cim ntawm cov roob hluav taws hauv Hawaii Islands.
Mauna Loa tuaj txog li cas?
Txhua lub roob hluav taws hauv Hawaii - Mauna, Hulalai, Kilauea, Loihi thiab Haleakala - muaj cov hauv paus chiv keeb. Ncaj nraim hauv qab cov Islands tuaj yog qhov chaw nkag uas ib kab ntawm magma nce ncaj qha los ntawm lub ntiaj teb lub mantle.
Qhov kub ntawm magma tau nyob ib puag ncig ntau tshaj kaum lab xyoo thiab yog qhov txiav txim siab hauv kev tsim cov saw hlau. Thaum lub taw tes nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw zoo li qub, lub phaj Pacific yog tas li drifting thiab txav li ntawm 10 cm ib xyoos twg. Vim hais tias lub phaj yog txav, lub roob hluav taws tsiv mus deb ntawm cov magma kem, thiab thaum twg lub phaj yog tsiv, lub roob hluav taws tsiv mus deb ntawm lub magma kem, thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub point yog nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw zoo li qub, lub Pacific phaj yog tas li drifting thiab tsiv li ntawm 10 cm ib xyoo. Thaum kawg nws yuav tsiv mus, lub roob hluav taws yuav tawm mus.
Keeb Kwm Kev Ua Haujlwm
Thaum tshawb nrhiav lub roob hluav taws, pob zeb muaj 200,000 xyoo tau pom. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias nws tau tawg ua ntej lub sijhawm no: tsawg kawg yog ntau dua 700,000-800,000 xyoo dhau los. Thawj qhov nce toj ntawm Mauna Loa tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1794.
Qhov tshwm sim tsis ntev los no tsis muaj teeb meem ntau. Piv txwv li, xyoo 1987 tawg tsis tau ua rau muaj neeg raug mob, txawm hais tias yav dhau los Mauna Loa kev ua ub no tau nqa tag nrho cov zos (lub nroog Hilo rau feem ntau yog sawv cev ntawm cov dej lava uas tau nqis los ntawm no hauv xyoo 19th). Lub roob hluav taws me me Kilauea tau ua haujlwm ntau dua tsis ntev los no, yog li lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws yog nyob ntawm nws.
Ntau zaus Mauna Loa tawg tau raug kaw hauv thaj chaw ntawm lub roob xws li:
- Summit (ze li 40% ntawm tag nrho cov kev tawg);
- nthuav rift tsam nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj;
- nthuav dav rift tsam sab qab teb sab hnub poob ntawm qhov ua siab tshaj.
Txij li xyoo 1912, Mauna Loa tau nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm lub roob hluav taws xob soj ntsuam, qhov uas cov kws tshawb fawb saib xyuas ob qho tib si atmospheric fluctuations thiab Hawaiian Volcanoes National Park, uas nyob rau sab saum toj thiab npog tag nrho sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj.
Volcanoes thiab tourism lag luam hauv Hawaii
hiav txwv dej hiav txwv, xuab zeb kub, tshav ntuj kub hnyiab…Zoo kawg, tab sis koj tsis tau pom ntau pua zaus, thiab puas tsim nyog?siv koj cov hnub so hauv Hawaii? Dhau li ntawm ukulele, surfing thiab campfire dancing, Hawaii kuj yog ib lub roob hluav taws kub.
Yog hais tias ua ntej nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua, tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pom qhov zais ntau tshaj plaws, bewitching chaw ntawm cov Islands tuaj, cia saib rau hauv lub qhov ncauj ntawm Mauna Loa. Qhov siab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ib tus neeg panoramic qhov chaw siab heev uas qhov ncig xyuas suav nrog caij nyoob hoom qav taub.
Qhov kev lom zem tshaj plaws ntawm cov kob tuaj yeem hu ua:
- tawm mus ncig lub Island loj ntawm Volcanoes;
- taug kev Lava Tubes;
- Panorama ntawm Waikiki;
- Kīlauea National Park;
- volcanology tsev cia puav pheej;
- lava teb, saib qhov tawg thiab ua luam dej nrog hiav txwv vaub kib ntawm ntug dej lava dub;
- tawm mus rau Haleakala Volcano National Park ntawm Maui, caij nyoob hoom qav taub mus rau qhov siab crater (3 km).
Txhua qhov kev ncig xyuas no yog sib xyaw ua ke thiab tuaj yeem suav nrog ntau qhov chaw Hawaii. Tau kawg, nws tsim nyog nco ntsoov tias yog kev ncig xyuas suav nrog kev ya mus rau lwm cov kob, nws yuav siv sijhawm ib hnub.
