Thomas Grey yog ib tug kws sau paj lug Askiv, kws sau ntawv, kws tshawb fawb thiab tus xibfwb. Nws tau nto moo rau nws Elegy Sau nyob rau hauv Lub Tebchaws Cemetery, luam tawm xyoo 1751. Thomas Grey tau luam tawm ob peb zaj paj huam xwb, vim nws yog ib tug kws sau paj huam, txawm tias twb muaj npe nrov heev. Nws tau muab lub npe hu ua "Poet Laureate", tab sis nws tsis kam.
Biography
Thomas Grey yug Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 26, 1716 hauv Cornhill, London. Nws txiv, Philip Grey, yog ib tug kws sau ntawv; niam, Dorothy Antrobus, yog ib tug ntxub. Lawv tsev neeg muaj 12 tug me nyuam, Thomas yug tau thib tsib. Tom qab nws niam tso nws tus txiv uas tsis nyob ruaj khov, Grey nrog nws nyob.
Kev Kawm
Niam tau them rau nws txoj kev kawm hauv Eton College, qhov twg nws ob tug txiv ntxawm Robert thiab William Antrobus ua haujlwm. Robert tau los ua tus thawj xibfwb ntawm tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej thiab txhawb nqa nws txoj kev hlub ntawm botany. William yog Thomas 'mentor. Grey hu lub sijhawm no zoo siab. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm "Ode rau qhov kev pom luam tawm ntawm Eton College." ThomasGrey nyeem ntau heev. Nws tsis nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab, tab sis ntawm nws tus txiv ntxawm tsev. Nyob rau hauv Eton College, tus tub muaj peb tus phooj ywg: Horace Walpole - tus tub ntawm Prime Minister, Thomas Ashton thiab Richard West - tus tub ntawm tus Tswv Chancellor ntawm Ireland. Cov txiv neej hu ua "quadruple union."
Xyoo 1734, Thomas Grey mus rau Peterhouse College hauv Cambridge, tab sis ntawm no nws dhuav heev. Nws nyeem ntawv classical thiab niaj hnub no thiab ntaus harpsichord kom so.
Nyob rau xyoo 1738 nws nrog nws tus qub tsev kawm ntawv phooj ywg Walpole ntawm nws Grand Tour of Europe, tab sis cov phooj ywg sib cav sib ceg nyob rau hauv Tuscany vim Horace xav mus rau kev zoo nkauj tog thiab Thomas tsis. Lawv rov sib haum xeeb tom qab ob peb xyoos, thiab nws yog Walpole uas tau pab Grey tshaj tawm thawj zaj paj huam.
Creative activity
Thomas Grey tau sau ntawv ua siab dawb hauv xyoo 1742, thaum nws tus phooj ywg ze Richard West tuag. Hauv kev nco txog nws, nws tau sau tus tub "Rau Kev Tuag ntawm Mr. Richard West."
Tus kws sau ntawv tau los ua tus khub thawj zaug ntawm Peterhouse thiab tom qab ntawd hauv Pembroke College. Thomas Grey tau tsiv mus rau Pembroke tom qab Peterhouse cov tub ntxhais kawm ua dag rau nws.
Nyob rau xyoo 1757, Thomas tau muab txoj haujlwm ntawm Poet Laureate, tab sis tsis kam. Nws tau thuam tus kheej heev, yog li nws tsuas yog luam tawm 13 zaj paj huam thaum nws lub neej. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, Grey tau los ua ib tug kws sau paj lug nrog kev xav tsaus ntuj ntawm kev tuag.
Raws li tus kws sau ntawv, Thomas Grey muaj kev lom zem lom zem. Nws tsis txhawb ignorance, tab sis xav txog nrog nostalgia ntawm ib tug hluas thaum yauNws raug tso cai ua tsis quav ntsej.
Grey tau mus ncig thoob plaws tebchaws Aas Kiv hauv qhov chaw xws li Yorkshire, Derbyshire, Scotland thiab tshwj xeeb yog Lake District (nws tau kaw qhov pom hauv nws Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Mus Saib Xyuas Lake Cheeb Tsam hauv 1769) hauv kev tshawb nrhiav qhov zoo nkauj scenery thiab ancient monuments.
Grey ua ke cov ntawv ib txwm muaj thiab cov lus hais lus poetic nrog cov ntsiab lus tshiab thiab hom kev qhia. Nws yog suav hais tias yog classical focused forerunner ntawm romantic revival.
History of sau "Neeg toj siab"
Nyob rau xyoo 1742, Thomas Grey tau pib ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov txuj ci, Ib qho Elegy Sau hauv Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Lub Tebchaws, ntawm qhov chaw faus neeg ntawm St. Giles lub tsev teev ntuj hauv Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire. Nws ua tiav nws hauv 1750. Txoj haujlwm tau dhau los ua qhov kev xav ntawm kev sau ntawv thaum nws tau luam tawm los ntawm Robert Dodsley thaum Lub Ob Hlis 1751. Nws tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov nyiam tshaj plaws thiab nquag hais ua haujlwm hauv lus Askiv. "Elegy" txhua leej txhua tus nyiam vim qhov zoo nkauj ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo nkauj. Thomas Grey nyob rau hauv "Lub toj ntxas nyob deb nroog" kov cov ntsiab lus xws li kev tuag thiab kev tuag tom qab. Grey yuav tsum tau pom kev tshoov siab rau nws zaj paj huam los ntawm kev mus xyuas lub ntxa ntawm phauj Mary Antrobus. Nws raug faus rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj sab nraum St. Giles lub tsev teev ntuj, uas Thomas tau koom nrog nws niam. Tom qab ntawd, Grey nws tus kheej yuav faus ntawm no.
Tus kws sau paj lug sau ib tsab ntawv "Nyob rau ntawm qhov tuag ntawm ib tug hlub miv poob rau hauv ib lub nkoj ntawm goldfish" nco txog Horace Walpole tus miv.
Thomas Grey: Kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas nyob deb nroog toj ntxas
NyobCov lus Lavxias tau txhais los ntawm tus kws sau paj huam V. A. Zhukovsky, uas khaws tag nrho cov subtleties thiab cov tswv yim ntawm "Elegy", nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb tsis meej.
"Ib tug elegy sau nyob rau hauv ib lub toj ntxas nyob deb nroog" yog ib qho kev xav txog lub neej thiab tib neeg txoj hmoo nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag mus ib txhis. Lub protagonist ntawm kev ua hauj lwm yog ib tug kws sau paj lug; qhov chaw ntawm qhov kev txiav txim yog lub zos tojntxas. Lub "Elegy" sib txawv lub neej zoo siab txhua hnub ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thiab kev dag ntxias lub neej ntawm cov neeg nplua nuj thiab cov thawj coj. Tus kws sau paj lug ntseeg tias muaj cov neeg txawj ntse ntawm cov neeg zoo tib yam, nws tsuas yog tias lawv cov khoom siv thiab kev txom nyem tsis tau tso cai rau lawv nthuav tawm rau lub ntiaj teb thiab lawv cov txuj ci tseem tsis tau paub.
Los ntawm cov kab ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Thomas Grey, ib tus tuaj yeem nkag siab tias nws ntseeg tias tus kws sau paj huam kuj yuav tsum muaj lub siab mos thiab rhiab. Nyob rau hauv Zhukovsky tus txhais lus, tus nyeem ntawv kuj pom qhov romantic xwm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug. Hauv kev ua haujlwm, muaj kev sib cav sib ceg ntawm lub neej thiab tsis muaj nyob, ntawm qhov uas tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb yog, nrog rau kev ua neej nyob txhua hnub thiab lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws qhib rau txhua tus neeg.
Kev mob siab rau qhov tseeb tias thaum kawg txhua tus neeg sib npaug ua ntej tuag, thiab tsis muaj nyiaj, lossis kev sib txuas, lossis kev sib raug zoo tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qhov no.
Kev ua haujlwm tau tsim qhov chaw zoo nkauj heev thiab tsis paub meej: lub tsev pheeb suab rau thaum tsaus ntuj thiab cov neeg ua liaj ua teb, uas nws txoj kev tsuas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm lub teeb ci ntsa iab. Lub sijhawm no, kev tuag ntsiag to kav hauv toj ntxas nws tus kheej.
Kev tuag
Thomas Grey tuag Lub Rau Hli 30, 1771 hauv Cambridge. Nws raug faus nrog nws niamgraveyard ntawm St. Giles lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv Stoke Poges, qhov chaw uas nws sau nws nto moo elegy. Lub ntxa ntawm tus kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam uas nto moo thiab txawj ntse tseem nyob ntawd.
