Reserve "Taimyrsky". Reserves ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab Russia

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:00

Lub Taimyrsky Reserve muaj keeb kwm nyuaj ntawm kev tsim. Niaj hnub no nws nyob thaj tsam ntawm ntau tshaj 1.5 txhiab hectares; tsis tshua muaj neeg sawv cev ntawm flora thiab fauna teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab yog kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no. Hnub tim ntawm lub hauv paus raug suav hais tias yog xyoo 1979, nws yog lub sijhawm ntawd cov khoom cia tau tsim nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev kawm ntxaws thiab kev txuag hav zoov, roob, tundra thiab lowland ecosystems.

History of Creation

Txawm tias rov qab los rau xyoo 1939, cov kws tshawb fawb tau txiav txim siab los tsim ib qho xwm txheej loj ntawm Taimyr Peninsula. Nws qhib tau npaj rau xyoo 1943, tab sis, hmoov tsis, kev ua tsov rog tau hla tag nrho cov phiaj xwm. Tom qab ntawd qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim ib cheeb tsam tiv thaiv tau tsa nyob rau hauv 1949, tab sis tag nrho cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb tau raug tsis lees paub, vim hais tias lub xeev tsuas yog txo cov cheeb tsam tiv thaiv kab mob. Ntau tshaj ib zaug, Taimyr Biosphere Reserve tau nyob rau hauv lub tsom teeb. Thaj chaw tau npaj yuav nthuav dav mus rau 10 lab hectares txhawm rau tiv thaiv tsis yog tsiaj txhu thiab noog tsawg,xws li cov tsiaj qus reindeer, musk ox, liab-breasted goose, tab sis kuj tag nrho cov ecosystem ntawm Taimyr tundra, los ntawm lub roob Byrranga mus rau Arctic coasts.

Nyob rau xyoo 1979, Taimyrsky xwm cia tseem tau sau npe ua haujlwm. Qhov no suav nrog Logat thiab Upper Taimyr hav zoov, Lukunsky thiab Ary-Mas ceg. Xyoo 1994, cov ntug dej hiav txwv thiab toj roob hauv pes arctic tundras tau txuas mus rau thaj chaw cia li thaj chaw tsis muaj. Niaj hnub no, cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom ua txhua yam lawv ua tau los nthuav cov chaw tiv thaiv.

Natural toj roob hauv pes ntawm reserve

Thaj chaw ruaj ntseg nyob ntawm Taimyr Peninsula. Cov koom haum tswj hwm kom npog ntau yam toj roob hauv pes: sab qab teb, arctic thiab raug tundra, hav zoov tundra. Lub chaw cia khoom "Taimyrsky" nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm permafrost, ncav cuag li 0.5 km. Cov cheeb tsam tsis yog nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw tiaj tus, nws yog nyob rau ntawd cov dej ntws, uas yog cov tributaries ntawm Khatanga. Lub pas dej loj tshaj plaws Taimyr tseem nyob ntawm no, nrog rau ob peb lub pas dej me me.

Kev nyab xeeb ntawm Taimyr

Cov yam ntxwv huab cua ntawm Taimyr cia ntau nyob ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm hmo ntuj polar. Hauv thaj chaw no, nws siv sijhawm me ntsis ntau tshaj li ob lub hlis, hnub polar kav 83 hnub. Ntawm Taimyr Peninsula, lub caij ntuj no kav ntev txog 10 lub hlis, qee zaum mus txog 8. Tab sis lub caij ntuj sov feem ntau tuaj txog thaum lub Rau Hli thiab kav mus txog rau lub Yim Hli. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, nyob rau hauv lub tiaj tiaj, qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv -45 ° C, thiab nyob rau hauv lub roob, sabTus pas ntsuas kub poob rau -60 ° C. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, muaj qhov ua kom sov sov, kub txog +30 ° C tuaj yeem ua tau, tab sis nws kav tsis ntev tshaj li ib lub lim tiam.

Flora thiab fauna ntawm Taimyr

Cov zaub npog ntawm qhov cia muaj ntau yam. Thaj chaw tsis yog muab faib ua sab qab teb, raug thiab arctic tundra. Tsis muaj ntau cov nroj tsuag hauv qhov txias tshaj plaws Arctic. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom mosses, tangled thiab daus burnt, alpine foxtail, polar willow. Cov tundra raug nplua nuj dua, ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom ntau yam ntawm mosses, Arctic Siberian sedge, thiab cov pob zeb qhuav. Cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb tawm tsam nrog kev sib txawv loj tshaj plaws, vim tias muaj cov tuab tuab ntawm dwarf dwarf, alder thiab willow, kuj tseem muaj liab currants thiab qus roses. Nyob rau saum roob koj tuaj yeem ntsib Dike bladderwort, brittle bladderwort, tsw ntxhiab shieldwort thiab lwm yam ferns qaum teb.

Txawm hais tias huab cua txias thiab hnyav, Taimyr cia muaj ntau yam tsiaj. Tsiaj txhu feem ntau sawv cev los ntawm cov tsiaj qus reindeer, musk oxen, ermines, kuj muaj hma, lynxes. Cov zaub mov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab tib lub sijhawm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob hauv tundra yog lemming. Hauv cov chaw cia khoom, cov noog thiab cov tsiaj muaj nyob hauv cov neeg coob coob uas nws tsis paub meej tias qhov xwm txheej zoo li no tuaj yeem pub rau lawv li cas. Txawm hais tias nws tsuas zoo li yog li ntawd, qhov tseeb, muaj cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm no, muaj ntau cov ntses hauv cov dej ntws thiab cov pas dej, cov nas zoo li nas kis tau sai heev, yog li lawv muaj peev xwm pub tau ntau cov noog snowy, arctic hma, falcons thiab lwm yam.mammals thiab raptors.

Tsiaj muaj npe nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab

Lub Taimyrsky Reserve tau tso ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj uas nyob rau lub verge ntawm kev ploj tuag. Cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom ua txhua yam los txhawb lawv cov pej xeem. Ntawm cov tsiaj txhu, Laptev subspecies ntawm walrus, polar bears thiab musk ox yog suav nrog hauv Phau Ntawv Liab. Muaj ntau cov noog: liab-breasted goose, dawb-tailed dav dawb hau, peregrine falcon, tsawg dua swan, tsawg dua dawb-fronted swan, Siberian eider, gyrfalcon, av nkos gull, liab thiab diav rawg-tailed gulls, Icelandic sandpiper, thiab lwm yam.

Dab tsi tsim nyog pom ntawm Taimyr Peninsula?

Ib tug tuaj yeem tham ntau yam txog cov xwm txheej ntawm Russia, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua los pom tag nrho cov kev zoo nkauj no nrog koj tus kheej ob lub qhov muag ib zaug. Taimyr nyob deb, tab sis nws tseem tsim nyog siv sijhawm los mus saib nws, vim tias muaj ntau qhov chaw nthuav dav ntawm no. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws raug nquahu kom mus rau hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Thawj tus yog mob siab rau ethnography thiab xwm, qhov thib ob yog mob siab rau kev tshawb fawb ntawm mammoths, thiab lub thib peb yog nplooj siab rau Dolgan poetess Ogduo Aksenova. Hauv thaj chaw tiv thaiv, koj tuaj yeem pom cov rookeries ntawm walruses ntawm Laptev subspecies, hav zoov nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Nyob rau ntawm tus dej Dyabyaka-Tari muaj cov pob txha ntawm marine fauna yos rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm Jurassic.

Tsis yog txhua qhov tshwj tseg hauv ntiaj teb thiab Russia muaj ntau qhov chaw nyiam mus xyuas raws li muaj nyob rau Taimyr Peninsula. Nyob rau ntawm Upper Taimyr River, koj tuaj yeem mus xyuas lub qub chaw pw hav zoov ntawm cov neeg yos hav zoov, thiab tseem muaj cov chaw tso tseg tag nrho nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Ntau tus yuav txaus siab pomlub ruins ntawm lub caij ntuj no lub tsev pheeb suab ntawm lub ntoj ke mus kawm ntawm Khariton Laptev thiab explorers, raws li zoo raws li mus rau lub polar chaw nres tsheb ntawm tos Bay, uas yog kaw nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no. Tsis tas li ntawd txaus siab heev yog cov neeg nyob ntawm lub reserve lawv tus kheej. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem saib noog thiab tsiaj txhu txhua hnub, lawv tsis ntshai tib neeg, yog li koj tuaj yeem saib lawv ntawm qhov deb.

Lub ntsiab reserves ntawm Russia

Lub teb chaws muaj ntau qhov chaw tiv thaiv ntuj. Daim duab qhia chaw ntawm Lavxias teb sab reserves yuav pab txhua tus kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntau ntxiv txog cov cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb no thiab lawv qhov chaw pom. Cov neeg nyiam hav zoov tuaj yeem mus xyuas thaj chaw Altai. Ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov fauna nyob hauv qhov chaw cia, cov nroj tsuag muaj txiaj ntsig loj hlob. Muaj qhov tsaus ntuj coniferous taiga complex hauv Buryatia. Lub Baikal Reserve npog lub Khamar-Daban ridge thiab sab qab teb ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Lake Baikal.

Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia Primorsky Krai. Kedrovaya Pad cia nyob ntawm no, uas muaj ntau tshaj 800 tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntawm sab qab teb thiab sab qaum teb hom. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv no koj tuaj yeem pom cov tsiaj xws li sika mos lwj, Ussuri pipebills, tsov txaij, Himalayan dais, raccoon aub, thiab lwm yam. Muaj ntau cov reserves nyob rau hauv Russia, tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog heev txaus siab rau cov neeg tshawb fawb ntawm flora thiab fauna. rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi.