Ushkany Islands: piav qhia, keeb kwm, muaj thiab fauna

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:59

Ushkany Islands yog ib qhov chaw zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv Buryatia. Lawv nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm Lake Baikal, 7 km sab hnub poob ntawm Svyatoi Nos ceg av qab teb. Cov koog pov txwv no suav nrog rau npe ntawm cov khoom ntiag tug, lub xeev saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv ntawm lawv qhov tshwj xeeb.

Geographic nta

Geographers piav qhia tias lub archipelago yog lub ncov ntawm ib tug underwater ridge hu ua Akademichesky.

Tag nrho thaj chaw ntawm cov Islands tuaj ntawm Ushkan archipelago yog 10 km2. Tag nrho muaj plaub Islands tuaj: Loj, Round, Nyias, Ntev. Raws li koj tuaj yeem twv, cov Islands tuaj tshuav lawv cov npe rau cov duab.

Npe

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub npe "Ushkany Islands" yog qhov nthuav. Philologists ua tim khawv tias cov neeg nyob hauv Siberia ib zaug hu ua hares nrog lo lus "ushkan". Txawm li cas los xij, yeej tsis tau muaj hares ntawm cov Islands tuaj ntawm archipelago nyob nruab nrab ntawm Lake Baikal. Tab sis, raws li nws tau muab tawm, hares zoo tib yam tsis muaj dab tsi ua nrog Ushkany Islands.

Lub npe no tuaj ntawm sab qaum teb. Pomors nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Dawb yog hu ua hiav txwv hares ntawm cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj. Thiab muaj ntau ntau ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv Baikal. Lavxias teb sab neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw nyob rau sab qaum teb, uas tau mus xyuas Baikal thawj zaug, pom lub foob -Baikal foob. Yog li no lub npe menyuam yaus daig rau lub foob - "ushkan", txawm hais tias tus tsiaj nyaum no tsis tuaj yeem khav ntawm pob ntseg zoo. Thiab cov Islands tuaj, uas cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj nce mus rau hauv lub hnub thiab so, tau hu ua Hare Islands. Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm lub archipelago nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia ntawm tus explorer Semyon Remezov nyob rau hauv 1701. Tom qab ntawd, lub npe "Hare" tau hloov pauv hauv ib qho chaw hauv zos, thiab cov Islands tuaj hu ua Ushkany. Lub npe no tau pom nws txoj hauv kev mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv nom tswv, thaj chaw atlases thiab maps.

Seals

Thiab ua li cas rau cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj? Puas muaj kev hloov pauv rau lawv thiab? Oddly txaus, cov pejxeem nyob thiab vam meej hnub no. Ntxiv mus, Ushkany Islands tuaj ntawm Lake Baikal yog kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lub xeev.

Tseem muaj ntau lub foob ntawm no, ib yam li thaum ub. Lawv yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Ushkany Islands tuaj, thiab txhua tus neeg uas tuaj xyuas cov chaw zoo nkauj no muaj lub sijhawm los xav txog (zoo, thiab tua ntawm lub koob yees duab, tau kawg) lawv lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj thiab cov pob txha tawg ci ntsa iab hauv lub hnub.

Feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj nyob ntawm Tonky Island. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb biologists, cov pej xeem loj hloov pauv ib ncig ntawm 2000 tsiaj.

Archipelago Islands

Big Ushkany Island nce zoo li lub roob, ntau dua 200 meters saum toj dej. Nws qhov ntev yog 5 km ntev thiab 3 km dav. Lub Island loj yog nto moo rau nws qhov tshwj xeeb peb lub qhov tsua, uas nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm ko taw ntawm limestone pob tsuas. Nyob rau hauv cov qhov tsua no, archaeologists tau pom ib tug kab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ib tug tshiab pob zeb txiv neej.xyoo pua, lub hnub nyoog uas yog kwv yees li 4-5 txhiab xyoo. Lub hav zoov coniferous primordial, uas loj hlob larches thiab ntoo thuv, npog yuav luag tag nrho Bolshoy Ushkaniy Island. Baikal saturates av nrog noo noo txaus rau kev loj hlob ntawm tiag tiag giants.

Lwm yam peb lub islets tsis zoo li qhov loj. Lawv nce siab tshaj cov dej Baikal tsuas yog 20-22 meters.

Flora

Huab cua huv tshaj plaws thiab cov av fertile ib txwm dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo. Ushkany Islands muaj npe nrov rau lawv qhov zoo nkauj. Thickets ntawm Dahurian rhododendron stretch nyob rau hauv cov ntoo siab. Qhov no shrub yog them nrog ntau ci liab paj paj nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Cov ntug hiav txwv dej ntawm cov Islands tuaj yog them nrog cov seaweed txawv txawv, uas blooms sai heev los ntawm Lub Rau Hli. Cov pob zeb tau dhau los ua qhov chaw yug me nyuam zoo heev rau cov xim av lichens, uas tau kis tau yuav luag thoob plaws lub archipelago.

Qee hom nroj tsuag loj hlob ntawm no muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Dahurian larch loj hlob nyob rau ntawm Big Island, uas muaj lub raj mis zoo li tuab ntawm cov tawv ntoo ntawm qhov qis ntawm lub cev. Ib tsob nroj tshwj xeeb, uas tsis pom nyob qhov twg hauv ntiaj teb, yog ushkanya birch, npog nrog cov tawv ntoo dub. Nws nplooj kuj txawv txawv - nrog ntse-toothed npoo. Cov ntoo ntawm qee cov ntoo hauv zos yog tus chij zoo li tus.

Nyob ntiaj teb

Ushkany Islands raug txiav tawm ntawm lub ntiaj teb loj los ntawm cov dej ntawm lub pas dej thaum ub, thiab qhov kev sib cais no tsis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov tsiaj. Ib qho ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv zos phenomena -anthills.

Raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov anthills, tsis muaj lwm lub ces kaum ntawm Russia tuaj yeem piv nrog Ushkany Big Island, thiab qhov ntom ntom zoo li no tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv ntiaj teb. Ntawm ib hectare ntawm qhov chaw muaj txog ob lub kaum os tus ntsaum.

Tourism

Yog tias koj nyiam los ntawm lub ntiaj teb tej yam yees siv ntawm Ushkany Islands tuaj thiab koj txiav txim siab mus ncig, npaj rau kev nyuaj. Kev mus rau cov chaw no tsis yooj yim li. Daim ntawv tso cai los ntawm tsoomfwv hauv nroog yuav tsum tau mus ncig.

Txawm li cas los xij, kwv yees li 150 tus qhua tuaj ntawm no ib xyoos, thiab tsis yog lub caij ntuj sov nkaus xwb, thaum cov hav zoov amaze nrog kev zoo nkauj, thiab cov dej ntawm Lake Baikal yog pob tshab uas koj tuaj yeem pom hauv qab.

Lub caij ntuj no, lub pas dej khov, koj tuaj yeem tsav tsheb ntawm cov dej khov mus rau cov Islands tuaj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau ua qhov no nrog kev qhia kom tsis txhob poob rau hauv lub qhov.