Pergamon Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Berlin: piav qhia, keeb kwm, nthuav tseeb thiab tshuaj xyuas

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:58

Nws tsis tuaj yeem nyob hauv Berlin thiab tsis mus ntsib nws qhov chaw nyiam, nyob hauv plawv nroog ntawm tus dej Spree. Pergamon Tsev khaws puav pheej yog ib qho khoom kim heev ntawm cov masterpieces ntawm monumental architecture ntawm yav dhau los. Thaum mus ncig ntawm qhov chaw no, koj tuaj yeem mus rau lub xeev Greek thaum ub thiab Roman faj tim teb chaws. Tag nrho cov khoom pov thawj yog lub neej-loj lub tsev thaum ub, thiab txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj nws cov lus dab neeg zoo kawg nkaus txog nws qhov kev khawb thiab kho dua tshiab.

Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas lub tsev ntawm lub complex tam sim no nce, nyob rau hauv 1877, tus nto moo engineer thiab ib nrab sij hawm archaeologist K. Tib neeg nrhiav tau ib tug stunning nrhiav, uas yog ib tug zoo monument ntawm ancient sij hawm. Nws yog lub thaj ntawm lub sijhawm Hellenistic qhia txog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm cov vajtswv nrog cov neeg loj.

Nws lub frieze loj yog 120 meters ntev, yog li Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Kev Tsim Nyog nrhiav tsis tau ib chav uas tuaj yeem ua lub tsev zoo kawg nkaus ntawm cov sculptors qub nyob hauv nws phab ntsa. Vim li no, nws tau txiav txim siab los tsim Pergamon Tsev khaws puav pheej, uas tau txais nws lub npe nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm nwslub ntsiab kev khav theeb - lub thaj nto moo.

Tom qab lub tsev ntawm lub complex yuav tsum tau nthuav dav, raws li cov khoom pom thaum lub sij hawm excavations hauv Babylon, tim lyiv teb chaws thiab Uruk tau ntxiv rau qhov kev nthuav qhia no. Xyoo 1930, Pergamon Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Berlin tau ua tiav thiab plaub lub tsev nrog nthuav nthuav tawm tau qhib rau pej xeem.

Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lub complex tau raug puas tsuaj loj, yog li feem ntau ntawm nws cov khoom pov thawj tau tsiv tawm ntawm qhov ntawd mus rau qhov chaw nyab xeeb. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub sixties ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, cov nyiaj tau rov qab mus rau lub tsev cia puav pheej, tab sis tsis tag. Tam sim no, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov khoom sau tseem nyob hauv Moscow thiab Hermitage.

Kev piav qhia

Hnub no nws tau suav tias yog qhov chaw nto moo tshaj plaws hauv lub nroog Yelemes, Pergamon Tsev khaws puav pheej. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Island, qhov chaw no nyob, tau tuaj xyuas txhua xyoo los ntawm ntau dua ib thiab ib nrab lab neeg ncig tebchaws. Tau kawg, qhov kev mus ncig ua si no muaj kev txaus siab tsis yog rau cov neeg laus, tab sis kuj rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tuaj saib hauv qhov chaw no tuaj yeem kov ntau lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub sijhawm qub, uas lawv tau hnov hauv cov lus qhia xwb.

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Pergamon tau muab faib ua peb lub chaw haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev sau Antique, Asian kos duab thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov neeg Islamic. Cov ntawv sau no suav nrog lub sijhawm txij li xyoo pua BC rau xyoo pua 19th ntawm lub sijhawm niaj hnub no.

Tom qab kev coj noj coj ua zoo li no, koj tseem tuaj yeem mus xyuas lub khw muag khoom noj khoom haus uas nyob hauv lub tsev dav thiab ci ntsa iab ntawm txoj kev lossis taug kev nrogzoo nkauj ntsuab tiaj ua si nyob ib sab ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej.

Pom dab tsi

Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj los siv tag nrho ib hnub los tshawb txog qhov chaw ntawm lub complex. Nyob rau hauv seem ntawm cov khoom qub koj tuaj yeem pom cov khoom pov thawj hais txog lub sijhawm ntawm Ancient Rome thiab Greece, nrog rau Cypriot thiab Etruscan collections. Lub hlaws ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia no yog lub thaj Pergamum nrog lub staircase marble, uas tau hais los saum toj no. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub rooj vag ntawm Miletus Market tseem nyob ntawm no thiab yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm Roman architecture.

Kev nthuav qhia rau kev kos duab ntawm cov tebchaws Esxias muaj ntau dua 260,000 yam khoom hais txog kab lis kev cai ntawm lub tebchaws uas ploj mus ntawm Sab Hnub Tuaj thiab npog keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm rau txhiab xyoo. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom no yog lub rooj vag Babylonian, tsim nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm tus vajtswv poj niam Ishtar. Lawv tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug loj cib arch, decorated nrog dluab ntawm ntau yam mythical tsiaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov seem ntawm lub zwm txwv ntawm cov vajntxwv Npanpiloo thiab cov khoom tawg ntawm cov tuam tsev los ntawm Uruk, lub nroog ntawm Sumerians.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsev tom ntej ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej complex muaj ib tug sau ntawm artistic muaj nuj nqis ntawm cov neeg ntawm Islam, uas ib zaug nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Is Nrias teb mus rau Spain nws tus kheej, los ntawm lub yim mus rau lub XIX caug xyoo. Ntawm no yog stunning artifacts los ntawm lub era ntawm lub Mongol faj tim teb chaws, nrog rau ntau yam khoom ntawm weavers ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd. Cov xim ntawm tag nrho cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi tau nyiam los ntawm cov frieze loj uas ib zaug adorned lub tsev fuabtais Umayyad. Nws yog carved los ntawm ancient pob zeb cutters nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 8th thiab yuav luag tag nrho puas, tab sisCov neeg ua haujlwm hauv tsev cia puav pheej tuaj yeem rov qab los thiab tam sim no txhua tus tuaj yeem pom los ntawm kev mus saib lub complex.

Lub tsev khaws puav pheej no nthuav tawm cov khoom pov thawj uas tsis pom nyob rau hauv lwm lub koom haum kab lis kev cai hauv ntiaj teb, tso cai rau cov pej xeem kov lub ntiaj teb thaum ub.

Vim qhua kev paub

Txhua tus neeg ncig tebchaws uas tau mus xyuas qhov chaw zoo nkauj no tsuas yog rave tshuaj xyuas txog nws. Pergamon Tsev khaws puav pheej, hauv lawv lub tswv yim, yog qhov chaw nthuav tshaj plaws hauv Berlin. Cov neeg feem coob qhia pib lawv txoj kev ncig xyuas qhov nyuaj nrog nws cov khoom pov thawj tseem ceeb: Lub Rooj Sib Tham Miletus, lub thaj, txoj kev procession thiab friezes los ntawm Mstatta.

Ua tsaug rau qhov kev nthuav tawm zoo kawg nkaus, ntau tus neeg tuaj xyuas hais tias nws yog Pergamon Tsev khaws puav pheej (Berlin) uas tshaj txhua lub tsev zoo sib xws hauv nroog. Kev tshuaj xyuas txog nws hais tias kev mus ncig ntawm qhov chaw no yog kev taug kev mus rau qhov qub qub.

Cov lus qhia ntxaws

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Pergamon pib ua haujlwm thaum 10:00 teev sawv ntxov thiab xaus rau 18:00 teev tsaus ntuj. Lub complex ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj hnub so thiab so. Daim pib nkag nqi kaum ob euros. Lub tsev haujlwm no nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob hauv qab no: Berlin, Bodestrasse 1-3.

Koj tuaj yeem mus rau qhov ntawd siv kev thauj pej xeem: los ntawm metro, siv U-Bahn U6 kab, los ntawm tsheb npav 200, 100 lossis 147, lossis los ntawm tram M1, M4, M6 thiab M5.

Npaj qhov tseeb

Nws hloov tawm tias thaum xub thawj thawj lub tsev ntawm lub complex tsuas yog uarau ib lub thaj, uas tam sim no nyob rau hauv reconstruction kom txog rau thaum 2019. Tab sis dhau sij hawm, cov khoom ntawm ancient ancient sij hawm raug coj mus rau qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ntau ntau, ua tsaug rau qhov zoo li ib tug loj tsev cia puav pheej tau tshwm sim.

Pergamon, undoubtedly, belongs rau qhov chaw ua ntawm ntau lub ntiaj teb-nto moo tsev cia puav pheej complex. Yog li ntawd, thaum nyob rau hauv Berlin, nws yeej tsim nyog mus saib cov richest collections ntawm ancient antiquities.