Lub paj ntawm cov nroj tsuag no txhua xyoo sau ntau txhiab tus neeg ncig tebchaws nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Los ntawm txawv Thaib, Nyiv, Tuam Tshoj mus rau thaj tsam Astrakhan. Txawm tias tshwj xeeb ncig xyuas thiab excursions raug teeb tsa. Cov daus-dawb lossis paj liab paj ntawm walnut paj paj tsuas yog ob peb hnub xwb, tab sis qhov pom tsis sib xws.
txiv ntseej-bearing lotus: piav qhia
hom kab no txhais tau tias yog ib tsob nroj uas muaj xyoob ntoo amphibian cog rau ntawm Lotus tsev neeg thiab cov genus ntawm tib lub npe. Nws muaj ib tug rhizome, nyob rau hauv uas tuab underwater stems tau tig, tsau nyob rau hauv av. Cov nroj tsuag belongs rau relic tropical hom, thiab yog li ntawd muaj kev txaus siab tsis tsuas yog rau botanists. Txiv ntseej-bearing lotus muaj ob hom nplooj: scaly underwater thiab ntab los yog tsa siab saum dej. Lawv muaj ib tug puag ncig, funnel-puab zoo li tus thiab ntev saj zawg zog petioles, txoj kab uas hla mus txog 50-70 cm. Cov ci ntsuab tawv tawv yog them nrog ib tug tuab wax txheej thiab yog li ntawd tsis wetted, thiab dej tee dov tawm lawv.
Nco lub paj tawg thaum twg?
Ib yam zoo tshaj plaws uas cov paj ntoo muaj (daim duab saum toj no) yog nws cov paj. Lawv loj heev (25-30 cm inch) thiab showy. Lawv nce saum npoo ntawm dej ntawm lub pedicel ncaj, muaj obversely conical dav receptacle surrounded los ntawm ntau petals ntawm ib tug ilv xim liab hue (nyob rau hauv cultivated forms - dawb), nyob rau hauv lub heev center muaj ntau ci daj stamens. Lub paj muaj ib tug ilv qab ntxiag aroma. Nyob rau hauv lub recesses ntawm lub receptacle, txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsim - ceev (qhov no txiav txim lub npe) txog 1.5 cm ntev, lawv muaj ib tug tuab woody pericarp.
geography ntawm kev loj hlob
Ntawm kev loj hlob thaj chaw yog dav heev. Txiv ntseej-bearing lotus nyiam huab cua sov nrog cov av noo siab. Cov nroj tsuag muaj ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau thaj tsam huab cua sov thiab sov ntawm Asia (xws li Is Nrias teb, Nyab Laj, Indonesia, Iran, Myanmar, Thaib, Philippines, thiab lwm yam). Nyob rau hauv Russia, lub paj tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv qis qis ntawm Amur nyob rau sab hnub tuaj, lub basins ntawm Zeya, Tunguska, Ussuri, Bureya Rivers, Puryatin Island, Khanka Plain, ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Azov thiab Caspian Seas.
Yuav ua li cas sprout ib tug txiv ntoo-bearing lotus?
Nyob hauv cov vaj nyob sab Europe, cov qhua txawv txawv tsuas yog tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Nws pib siv los kho cov pas dej me me, tso tsheb hlau luam sab nraum zoov, thiab, yog tias huab cua tso cai, hauv tsev cog khoom. Tej zaum qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws thiab dazzling nroj tsuag rau lub pas dej yog walnut lotus. Loj hlob los ntawm noob yog qhov ua tau. Nws paub tseeb tias lawv muaj peev xwm loj hlob txawm tias 150 thiab 200 xyoo tom qab lawv tau sau.
Txhawm rau kom cov txiv ntoo tawg sai dua, nws lub plhaub yuav tsum maj mam rub nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb lossis cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog, kev puas tsuaj yuav tsum tau siv. Tom qab ntawd muab cov noob tso rau hauv lub lauj kaub dej thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tshav ntuj. Cov txheej txheem ntawm germination yog amazing, nws yog heev nthuav mus saib nws. Ua ntej, lub plhaub tuab ntawm cov txiv ntoo tawg, tom qab ntawd cov nplooj me me pib tshwm ib zaug, thiab tom qab li 20-25 hnub, nyias cov hauv paus pib tshwm.
cov tub hluas yog cog rau hauv lub lauj kaub thiab muab tso rau hauv lub thawv dej, lossis tam sim ntawd tso rau hauv lub pas dej. Nco ntsoov tias cov nplooj tsis yooj yim yuav tsum ntab rau saum npoo. Ntxiv nrog rau txoj kev noob ntawm kev loj hlob, kev faib ntawm rhizome kuj tseem ua tau. Txawm koj xaiv, koj yuav tsum ua thaum Lub Peb Hlis-Lub Plaub Hlis.
txhawm rau loj hlob walnut lotus nyob rau hauv qhib cov khoom siv dag zog, cov av tshwj xeeb tau npaj, uas yog sib xyaw ntawm cov xuab zeb, xuab zeb thiab me me ntawm pob zeb thiab av nplaum. Nyob rau hauv greenhouses, cov nroj tsuag hlob nyob rau hauv pots. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws dej theem rau lotus yog 30-40 cm, nws yuav tsum mos thiab huv si. Nws raug nquahu kom muaj lub lim dej lossis koj yuav tsum tau ntxiv ib ntus lossis hloov dej kom tiav.
Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb ntawm kev loj hlob yog nyob rau hauv huab cua. Nws nyiam cov cheeb tsam yav qab teb, qhov twg nplej, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab lwm yam zoo, cov nroj tsuag muaj lub caij nyoog ntev. Nws tas li xav tau tshav ntuj, sov so, siabHumidity thiab dej kub nyob rau hauv 25-30 ° C.
keeb kwm thiab txwv yam
Cov ntawv sau thawj zaug txog cov paj ntoo walnut uas yog ib tus neeg sawv cev ntawm genus Dej Lilies tau tsim los ntawm Carl Linnaeus hauv xyoo 1753. Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd (1763), tus kws tshaj lij Fab Kis Fab Kis Fab Kis Fab Kis M. Adanson tau txheeb xyuas cov nroj tsuag ua ib pab pawg. Tam sim no lub genus yog sawv cev los ntawm tsuas yog ob hom: walnut lotus thiab American daj.
Lotus tau txais kev hwm raws li tsob ntoo dawb huv hauv feem ntau (yog tias tsis yog tag nrho) lub teb chaws ntawm cov teb chaws Es Xias Qab Teb tau ntau pua xyoo. Nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev ua koob tsheej, rituals, legends. Cov pov thawj ntawm qhov no yog cov ancient monuments ntawm architecture, ntawv nyeem thiab kos duab. Hauv Is Nrias teb, peb lub ntiaj teb tag nrho tau sawv cev ua paj paj loj uas tau tawg rau saum npoo dej. Cov vajtswv tau piav qhia zaum lossis sawv ntawm nws. Thiab txog niaj hnub no, cov tuam tsev thiab cov chaw dawb huv tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov paj zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, ua lub cim ntawm purity thiab nobility (tom qab tag nrho, nws loj hlob tawm ntawm cov av qias neeg, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws ib txwm nyob dawb).
Nyob rau hauv Russia, walnut lotus yog teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab, nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm tsawg hom. Cov laj thawj uas ua rau cov neeg poob qis yog: kev tso dej thiab kev ua qias tuaj ntawm lub cev dej, kev sau cov rhizomes thiab paj rau cov hniav thiab khoom noj khoom haus, kev tsim cov dams.
kev siv nyiaj
Txij thaum ub los, tib neeg tsis tsuas yog qhuas txog kev zoo nkauj ntawm lotus, tab sis kuj tseem siv nws los ua zaub mov thiab tshuaj,ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nroj tsuag. Cov kws kho mob suav tau npaj tshuaj los ntawm nws ntau txhiab xyoo ua ntej peb lub sijhawm. Cov pov thawj ntawm qhov no tau pom thaum lub sijhawm khawb ntawm Neolithic kev sib hais haum hauv Bashidan (ib qho ntawm thawj zaug hauv Suav teb). Nws cov pej xeem tsis yog sau cov nroj tsuag xwb, lub walnut lotus tau nquag cog qoob loo. Nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj Asia, nws tseem yog zaub. Rhizomes, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv starch, noj boiled, kib, nyoos, thiab txawm pickled, av. Cov nplooj hluas yog siv zoo ib yam li asparagus tua. Cov noob yog candied los yog ua rau hauv hmoov. Cov nplooj petioles muaj cov fibers muaj zog heev uas siv los ua cov khoom siv spinning, thiab wicks yog tsim los ntawm lawv.
Tus nqi kho mob
Txij thaum ub, txhua feem ntawm cov nroj tsuag tau siv los npaj tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv Is Nrias teb, Nyiv thiab qee lub tebchaws qhov no muaj tseeb rau niaj hnub no. Tam sim no nws tau raug pov thawj scientific hais tias lub walnut lotus (duab saum toj no) muaj ntau alkaloids thiab flavonoids. Hauv Suav teb, nws cov noob yog ib feem ntawm ntau tshaj ob puas tshuaj. Cov nroj tsuag yog siv los ua cardiotonic, tonic, noj zaub mov thiab tonic.
Txiv ntseej-bearing lotus, uas nws cov khoom tsis yog tsuas yog siv tau, tab sis kuj zoo nkauj, yog ib qho ntawm ob peb cov nroj tsuag uas muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no. Nws tau tsim los ntawm qhov xwm txheej kom zoo siab thiab kho tib neeg.
