Pavlovsky Posad: pej xeem, keeb kwm thiab hnub tsim, qhov chaw, kev tsim kho, kev lag luam, kev nyiam, kev tshuaj xyuas cov neeg nyob hauv nroog thiab cov qhua hauv nroog

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

Ib lub teb chaws cov cim ntawm Russia - zoo nkauj sau shawls nrog garlands ntawm paj, tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub zos me me nyob ze Moscow rau lub sij hawm ntev. Ua tsaug uas nws paub deb dhau ntawm ciam teb ntawm lub tebchaws. Cov pej xeem ntawm Pavlovsky Posad yog qhov txaus siab rau nws cov khoom siv hauv zej zog.

Kev Qhia

Pavlovsky Posad yog lub nroog ntawm cheeb tsam subordination ntawm cheeb tsam Moscow. Posad nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 10-16 yog lub npe ntawm kev sib hais haum nyob tom qab lub fortress phab ntsa, nyob rau hauv uas artisans nyob thiab ua hauj lwm. Tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, qhov no yog lub npe ntawm lub nroog-hom kev sib hais haum. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1844 tom qab kev sib sau ntawm tsib lub zos nyob ze ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Pavlovsky Posad. Tom qab ntawd, ob peb lub zos ntxiv rau hauv lub nroog. Keeb kwm, qhov chaw tau hu ua Pavlovo txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th.

Nyob ntawm qhov deb ntawm 65 km sab hnub tuaj ntawm Moscow, nrog thaj chaw tswj hwm - 55 ° 47'00 "s. sh. 38° 39'00" E e. Peb tus dej ntws hla lub nroog -Klyazma, Vohonka thiab Hotz. Tag nrho cheeb tsam nyob los ntawm kev sib hais haum yog 39 square meters. km. Cov pejxeem ntawm Pavlovsky Posad yog kwv yees li 65 txhiab tus neeg.

Lub nroog yog lub npe hu ua qhov chaw ntawm kev lag luam textile (ntaub thiab cov khoom tiav), ntxiv rau, nws muaj ntau lub tuam txhab tsim cov khoom lag luam thiab cov lag luam ua zaub mov.

Pavlovsky Posad tau tswj hwm, raws li ntau tus neeg nyob hauv thiab cov qhua sau tseg, qhov chaw zoo nkauj thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub nroog Lavxias lub nroog ntawm nruab nrab-19th caug xyoo. Lub tsev cib thiab ntoo tsim ib qho kev pom kev zoo nkauj uas yog ib qho ntawm lub sijhawm dhau los.

Pabneeg

Thawj qhov kev suav pej xeem raug coj mus rau kaum ob xyoos tom qab tsim lub nroog. Kev suav pes tsawg tus neeg nyob hauv Pavlovsky Posad pib xyoo 1856, tom qab ntawd tus lej yog 2900 tus neeg. Xyoo 1897, twb muaj 10,000 tus neeg nyob hauv lub nroog lawm, qhov kev nce qib zuj zus yog vim muaj ntau lub zos ntxiv lawm.

Lub sijhawm Soviet, qhov loj tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1931 txog 1939, thaum cov pejxeem ntawm Pavlovsky Posad, Moscow cheeb tsam, loj hlob los ntawm 28.5 txog 42.8 txhiab. Dab tsi yog txuam nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm industrialization, kev tsim kho ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tshiab thiab kev nthuav dav ntawm cov khoom lag luam teeb pom kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom qab tsov rog, cov pejxeem loj hlob tsis tu ncua. Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm 71 txhiab tau mus txog thaum lig yim caum. Nyob rau hauv post-Soviet lub sij hawm, cov pejxeem poob mus txog rau thaum 2002 (62 txhiab). Tom ntej no yogme me lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob thiab contraction. Hauv peb lub xyoos dhau los, cov pej xeem tau txo qis dua, raws li 2018 cov ntaub ntawv, nws muaj txog 64,865.

keeb kwm yav dhau

Thaj chaw ntawm Pavlovsky Posad ua ntej tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog hu ua Vokhonskaya volost, thiab qhov loj tshaj plaws kev sib hais haum - Vokhna, vim hais tias nws yog nyob rau ntawm tus dej ntawm tib lub npe. Lub cheeb tsam yog ib feem ntawm Grand Duchy ntawm Moscow. Thawj sau hais txog hnub rov qab mus rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 14th, thaum thaj chaw yog thaj av ntawm Grand Duke Ivan Kalita. Nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab cov pej xeem ntawm Pavlovsky Posad thaum lub sijhawm ntawd vim muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis tu ncua thiab kev tawm tsam sab nraud.

Thaum muaj kev ntxhov siab, cov neeg nyob hauv tau koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Polish invaders, txawm li cas los xij, qee tus ntawm lawv thawj zaug nrog False Dmitry 2. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd, tau txiav txim siab, lawv twb tau tawm tsam cov tub rog ntawm cov tub rog. Tushino tub sab. Ntawm 119 lub zos, tsuas yog 62 tus neeg nyob, cov seem tau raug kev puas tsuaj los ntawm Poles thiab Lithuanians. Hauv ob peb qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua, suav nrog ze lub zos Dubovo ntawm tus dej Klyazma (tam sim no nws yog Txoj Kev Kev Thaj Yeeb), cov neeg nyob hauv tau kov yeej cov Poles.

keeb kwm yav dhau

Thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Xyoo 1812, thaj chaw ntawm Pavlovsky Posad yog qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws uas cov tub rog Fabkis mus txog. Cov neeg nyob hauv thaj av ntawd dua qhov txawv ntawm lawv tus kheej los ntawm kev tsim cov neeg tawm tsam thiab rhuav tshem cov neeg tawm tsam lub laub. Thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, cov tsev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub nroog tau muab rau cov tsev kho mob thiab cov tub rog xav tau, txog li 40% ntawm cov txiv neej cov pej xeem mus ua rog thawj hnub.

Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, lub nroog tsim systematically,mus txog nws qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv 70s thiab 80s. Cov pej xeem tau nce zuj zus, kev lag luam ib txwm tau nthuav dav thiab kho tshiab, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom tshiab tau tsim.

History of headscarves

Txij li thaum ub, cov khoom siv tes ua khoom siv ib txwm muaj nyob hauv Pavlovsky Posad. Lub tuam txhab tsim cov phuam qhwv caj dab yog tsim los ntawm I. D. Labzin, ib tug neeg ua liaj ua teb hauv lub zos Pavlovo, xyoo 1795. Nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv, ua ke nrog V. I. Gryaznov, uas tau koom nrog nws me ntsis tom qab, tau hloov kho kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev tsim cov ntaub qhwv ntaub ntaub nrog cov qauv luam tawm, nrov heev hauv cov neeg Lavxias ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Thawj shawls tau muag nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.

Kev vam meej ntawm lub Hoobkas tau poob rau xyoo dhau los ntawm xyoo pua 19th, lub tuam txhab tau txais khoom plig siab tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev lag luam exhibitions. Tom qab nationalization, ntau lawm thiab cov khoom lag luam tau nthuav dav heev. Tshiab tsim, xim tshwm sim, zus tau tej cov paj rwb fabrics pib, thaum tuav ib txwm motifs thiab designs. Tam sim no lub tuam txhab yog ntiag tug dua thiab tseem txuas ntxiv cov kev coj noj coj ua zoo kawg nkaus. Rau cov neeg nyob hauv thiab cov qhua, Pavlovo Posad shawls yog lub cim tiag tiag ntawm lub nroog, hauv lawv txoj kev xav, lawv yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

kev lom zem

Ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab architectural monuments ntawm lub nroog yog Pokrovsky-Vasilyevsky Monastery. Lub tuam tsev tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1874, tom qab ntawd ib tug poj niam lub almshouse tau txuas rau nws, thiab nyob rau hauv 1894 nws tau los ua ib tug poj niam lub tsev teev ntuj. Lub tuam tsev tau tsim los ntawm kev pib thiab ntawm tus nqi ntawm tus tsimKev tsim khoom ntawm Pavlovsky Posad shawls Ya. I. Labzin. Nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm nws tus khub V. I. Gryaznov, uas yog canonized nyob rau hauv 1999 thiab canonized raws li ib tug neeg dawb huv hauv zos revered. Xyoo 1989, lub tuam tsev tau qhib rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tso tseg, thiab xyoo 1995 nws tau hloov mus ua ib lub tsev teev ntuj. Lub nroog kuj tseem muaj cov tsev teev ntuj hwm cov pej xeem ntawm Pavlovsky Posad.

Nyob rau xyoo 2018, nyob rau lub 90th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub hnub yug ntawm V. Tikhonov, ib haiv neeg ntawm lub nroog, lub tsev-tsev cia puav pheej yuav qhib. Nws yog npaj rau nruab ib lub tsheb laij teb nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tsev, uas tus actor starred nyob rau hauv cov zaj duab xis "Nws yog nyob rau hauv Penkovo" thiab "Opel" los ntawm lub TV series "17 Moments ntawm caij nplooj ntoos hlav". Cov khoom pov thawj yuav nthuav cov khoom siv hauv kev ua yeeb yaj kiab.

Naturally, ib qho ntawm cov kev nyiam tshaj plaws yog "Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Keeb Kwm ntawm Lavxias Scarf thiab Shawl", uas muaj ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua loj tshaj plaws. Raws li cov qhua ntawm lub nroog, tsuas yog lub hauv paus tsev cia puav pheej ntawm lub teb chaws tuaj yeem khav tau qhov kev nthuav qhia zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov duab kos duab.

kev lag luam

Nyob hauv Pavlovsky Posad, txij li xyoo 18th, kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo tau txhim kho. Lub tuam txhab tseem ceeb - Pavlovo-Posad shawl manufactory - nyob rau hauv 2017 tsim ntau tshaj 1.5 sq. m. ntawm fabrics nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 670 lab rubles. Lub Hoobkas tsim txog 1500 hom khoom, ua haujlwm 700 tus neeg. Lwm qhov kev lag luam qub tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam yog Pavlovo-Posad txhob lo lo ntxhuav, uas tsim cov tapestries, hauv ncoo thiab fabrics nyob rau hauv ntau yam. Lub tuam txhab yog tus muag khoom ntawm Moscow Kremlin. Txij li thaum 1884, Pavlovo-Posad Worsted Worker , uas ua rau ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub npuag ib nrab.

Cov nroj tsuag rau kev tsim cov hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke ntawm lub tuam txhab "Exciton", uas ib zaug tsim cov tshuab computer thawj Soviet, ua haujlwm hauv nroog. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim muaj, tshuaj (subsidiary ntawm German tshuaj lom BASF), metallurgical khoom. Raws li tau sau tseg los ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Pavlovsky Posad, Moscow Cheeb Tsam, vim qhov tseeb tias kev lag luam tau khaws cia, lub nroog muaj txoj haujlwm.

Infrastructure

Lub nroog muaj kev txhim kho kev sib raug zoo. Ntxiv rau cov tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab thiab tshwj xeeb, muaj cov ceg ntawm peb lub tsev kawm ntawv Lavxias. Tsuas yog hauv 2016-2017, ntau lub khw muag khoom tau qhib hauv nroog ("Kurs", "Yog"), cov khw muag khoom muag "Pyaterochka" thiab "Red@White", lub khw muag tshuaj "Stolichka" nthuav dav.

Cov chaw tsim khoom noj tshiab tau pib ua haujlwm, suav nrog Lunch Buffet thiab Satiy Raccoon cafes, thiab Derevenka cafe network nthuav dav. Muaj ntau cov neeg siv khoom lag luam ntawm kev pabcuam ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv thiab cov qhua hauv nroog, suav nrog "Magicians", "Txoj Cai". Txawm hais tias muaj pes tsawg tus neeg nyob hauv Pavlovsky Posad, kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog muab kev ua neej nyob zoo. Raws li cov neeg nyob hauv, lub nroog muaj kev tsim kho kev pabcuam zoo.