Volgograd yog lub nroog millionaire thiab lub chaw lag luam loj uas tau hloov peb lub npe (Tsaritsyn, Stalingrad, Volgograd), tab sis tsis tau hloov cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev ncaj ncees, ua siab loj thiab kev hlub.
Sad thiab tragic yog txoj hmoo ntawm Stalingrad, uas tsis tseg lub architectural monuments, lub ancient vaj tse ntawm lub nroog. Cov neeg tsis mus rau Volgograd mus taug kev raws txoj kev qub, taug kev hauv nruab nrab cov tsev fuabtais, lossis mus saib cov tuam tsev qub thiab cov tuam tsev, lawv tuaj ntawm no kom hnov cov huab cua ntawm cov xwm txheej ntxhov siab ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, lawv mus rau Memory.
Volgograd squares
Stalingrad thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog tau yuav luag tag nrho vim yog kev sib tsoo ntawm cov yeeb ncuab thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua. Ntau lub tsev, nrog rau cov keeb kwm, tau hloov mus ua ruins. Lub ntsiab attractions ntawm lub nroog yog txuam nrog kev tiv thaiv ntawm Stalingrad, uas tig lub tides ntawm tsov rog. Lub cim xeeb ntawm cov xwm txheej heroic yog embodied nyob rau hauv ntau memorial complexes thiab monuments ntawm lub nroog: Mamaev Kurgan, Gerhardt's Mill, Replica ntawm Barmaley ciav, Pavlov lub tsev.
Kev puas tsuaj loj raws li qhov ntsuas ntawm kev puas tsuaj, thaum lub sij hawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, rhuav tshem yuav luag tag nrho thaj chaw nyob hauv nroog, cov ruins tauNtau tshaj 90% ntawm cov tsev hauv Stalingrad tau hloov dua siab tshiab.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog, kev tsim kho loj tau pib. Lub nroog maj mam rov qab los. Nyob rau hauv nws cov tsev, qhov layout ntawm cov tiaj ua si, squares, alleys, squares, cov style ntawm "Stalinist architecture" yeej. Peb lub squares tshiab tau rov qab los thiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub nroog, qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab tam sim no lub squares ntawm Volgograd: lub Square ntawm lub poob fighters, lub Lenin Square thiab lub Chekist Square.
Square of Fallen Fighters
Lub nroog hauv plawv nroog, ib qho loj tshaj plaws hauv thaj chaw, qhov chaw uas txhua lub nroog tseem ceeb festive txheej xwm, parades, rallies tshwm sim - qhov no yog Square ntawm Fallen Fighters ntawm Volgograd. Ib feem ntawm nws hla mus rau hauv lub xwmfab, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau hauv Txoj Kev ntawm Heroes.
Nws thawj lub npe yog Alexandrovskaya (nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm tus tuag Emperor Alexander ΙΙ). Nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw yog ib tug spontaneous peasant lag luam, uas tom qab tau hloov los ntawm lub khw, taverns thiab taverns. Nyob rau hauv 1916, Alexander Nevsky Cathedral tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub square, nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm kev cawm ntawm lub imperial tsev neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug railway kev huam yuaj (lub tsev teev ntuj tau tawg nyob rau hauv 1930).
Thaum lub sijhawm kiv puag ncig, lub nroog raug ntes los ntawm Wrangel cov tub rog. Muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua hnyav, xyoo 1920, 55 tus neeg raug faus rau hauv lub xwmfab hauv qhov ntxa loj, cov pej xeem uas tuag thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm lawv, lub square nyob rau hauv Volgograd tau renamed lub Square ntawm Fallen Fighters thiab ib tug monument raug tsa rau ntawm lawv faus qhov chaw.
Thaum lub sijhawm tiv thaiv Stalingrad, lub hauv paus square ntawm lub nroog tau dhau los ua qhov chaw ntawm cov ntshav thiabsib ntaus sib tua. Hauv qab daus ntawm TSUM lub tsev, Field Marshal Paulus ntawm German pab tub rog raug ntes. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 4, 1943, kev sib tw yeej hauv Kev Sib Tw ntawm Stalingrad tau tuav ntawm lub xwmfab. Nyob ze ntawm lub qhov ntxa ntawm cov neeg tua rog poob, cov neeg tuag hauv Kev Sib Tw ntawm Stalingrad raug faus. Nyob rau hauv lawv lub meej mom, Cov nplaim hluav taws nyob mus ib txhis tau teeb rau ntawm lub xwmfab xyoo 1963.
Nyob rau xyoo 2003, nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm 60th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Great yeej, lub cim xeeb tsev cia puav pheej tau qhib nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm hauv qab daus ntawm Central Department Store nyob rau hauv Volgograd. Hauv chav hauv qab daus uas Friedrich Paulus raug ntes, sab hauv ntawm lub sijhawm keeb kwm tau rov qab los.
Muaj lwm qhov kev nyiam ntawm lub xwmfab, muaj sia nyob ua pov thawj ntawm Stalingrad ntuj raug txim - paj ntoo, ntawm lub cev uas muaj ntau qhov caws pliav los ntawm kev ua phem tshwm sim ntawm thaj chaw no.
Lenin Square
Square, tib lub nroog uas tau hloov npe ntau zaus (Balkanskaya, Nikolskaya, Internationalnaya, Ploshchad Lub Ib Hlis 9, Lenin Square).
Txog thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, nws tau hu ua Balkanskaya (los ntawm lub npe ntawm cheeb tsam). Nws yog ib qho chaw uas tsis tau tsim kho uas cov tsheb nrog ntses nres, uas tau coj los ntawm Astrakhan mus rau lub nroog thiab lwm lub nroog.
Nyob rau xyoo 1899, lub Koom Txoos St. Nicholas tus Wonderworker tau fij rau ntawm lub xwmfab, thiab nws tau hloov lub npe Nikolskaya. Xyoo 1917, nws tau rov muab lub npe hu ua International, thiab 3 xyoos tom qab ntawd, nws tau hu ua Lub Ib Hlis 9 Square, nco txog Bloody Sunday.
Nyob rau xyoo 1930, lub tuam tsev tau tawg thiab cov tsev nyob tau raug txhim tsa nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw, lub xwmfab tau hloov pauv tag nrho.
Thaum sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Stalingrad, feem ntauntshav sib ntaus sib tua, lub tsev raug puas tsuaj tag. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib lub tsev nyob, nyob rau hauv uas muaj ib pab tub rog Soviet, yog tragic thiab ntshav, lawv raug txib los ntawm Lieutenant Afanasiev (Sergeant Pavlov yog ib tug ntawm cov pab pawg neeg, heroically thiab ua siab loj tiv thaiv lub fortress thiab tom qab tsov rog. Lub tsev tau muaj npe tom qab nws - Pavlov lub tsev). Cov pab pawg tuav pov hwm lub tsev rau 58 hnub. Tom qab tsov rog, nco txog cov xwm txheej heroic hauv cheeb tsam no, lub xwmfab tau hloov npe hu ua Defense Square.
Nyob rau xyoo tom qab ua tsov ua rog, thaj chaw tau tsim kho dua tshiab, tsuas yog Pavlov Lub Tsev nyob ntawm cov vaj tsev qub. Nyob rau hauv 1960, ib tug monument rau V. I. Lenin, nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm lub 90th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm nws yug los, thiab nws tau rov renamed lub Lenin Square ntawm Volgograd.
Chekist Square thiab lub monument rau Chekists
Lub npe ntawm lub xwmfab kuj cuam tshuam nrog cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai ntawm Kev Sib Tw ntawm Stalingrad.
Xyoo 1942, hauv Stalingrad, 10th Infantry Division ntawm NKVD cov tub rog, ua ke nrog cov tub rog thiab tub rog, yog thawj tus thawj coj tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab, uas nrhiav kev tawg mus rau Volga. Rau kev ua siab loj thiab ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ua tub rog ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, tag nrho pawg tau txais qhov Order of Lenin, 20 Chekists tau txais lub npe ntawm Hero ntawm USSR.
Tom qab kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog xyoo 1947, ib lub monument rau Chekists tau tsa rau ntawm lub square hauv Volgograd, qhov siab ntawm 22 meters. Raws nraim 20 xyoo tom qab, lub xwmfab yuav raug hu ua Chekist Square nyob rau hauv Volgograd, nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm lub siab tawv, khov kho thiab ua siab loj ntawm cov fighters uas tiv thaiv lub nroog.
