Gingerbread, phom thiab samovars tau ua lub cim ntawm Tula txij li lub sijhawm ntawm Russia. Cov kev lom zem thiab cua gizmos no tseem muab qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv kab lis kev cai ntawm Tulchan. Lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm riam phom thiab gingerbread yog nrov heev thiab hwm los ntawm cov qhua ntawm lub nroog. Thiab lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm samovars yog ib zaj dab neeg cais, vim hais tias ib tug samovar tsis yog ib yam khoom, tab sis tag nrho cov keeb kwm thiab kev lig kev cai ntawm cov tshuaj yej haus nyob rau hauv Russia. Tsev khaws puav pheej "Tula Samovars" yog ib tug ntawm cov keeper ntawm no kos duab. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm Tula thiab tsis mus xyuas nws zoo li tsis qaug dej qaug cawv ntawm lub oasis hauv suab puam.
Nrhiav qhov twg
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Tula ntawm Samovars tau kho nws qhov chaw nyob hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog - ntawm Mendeleevskaya Street ntawm tus lej 8, tsis deb ntawm Kremlin thiab lub hauv paus square. Muaj cov tsev khaws puav pheej zoo sib xws hauv ntau lub nroog ntawm Russia, tab sis nws yog lub chaw haujlwm hauv zos, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, tsis ci ntawm qhov loj, yuav coj nws cov neeg tuaj saib taug kev txaus nyiam mus rau lub hauv paus ntawm samovar.
Nws qhib hauv Tula xyoo 1990. Lub exposition ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej yog tsis tu ncua ntxiv thiab kho tshiab. Tsev khaws puav pheej "Tula samovars"Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm riam phom thiab gingerbread yog ib qho ntawm "peb tus ncej" ntawm lub nroog cov kab lis kev cai.
Keeb Kwm ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej
Kev pabcuam zoo hauv kev tsim lub tsev haujlwm tau muab los ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej keeb kwm hauv nroog Tula thiab cov nroj tsuag rau kev tsim cov samovars "Stamp", tsuas yog ib qho tseem ua haujlwm rau hnub no. Tag nrho cov sau ntawm samovars yog nyob rau hauv ob peb lub tsev ntawm ob pem teb ntawm lub tsev. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob cia siab tias yuav muaj qhov zoo nkauj sab hauv, koj yuav tsum mus ntawm no rau keeb kwm thiab qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb los ntawm lub neej ntawm cov neeg Lavxias. Cov khoom sau muaj txog 300 cov khoom pov thawj. Tsev khaws puav pheej "Tula Samovars" nyob rau hauv Tula khaws cov qauv ntawm samovars los ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, ntau ntawm lawv yog tiag tiag tej hauj lwm ntawm kos duab.
Los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm tus kheej brewing
Thaum mus xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov lus qhia uas yuav tsis tsuas yog qhia koj txog cov tsev neeg Tula nto moo tshaj plaws uas tsim cov samovars, tab sis kuj hais txog cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv no, thiab hais txog. keeb kwm ntawm lub cuab yeej cuab tam hauv tsev no.
thawj samovars hauv ntiaj teb tau tshwm sim tsis nyob hauv Russia, tab sis suav tias yog nyob rau hauv Ancient Rome. Nyob ntawd, ib lub pob zeb kub tau muab pov rau hauv ib lub nkoj nrog dej, los ntawm cov dej boiled. Nyob rau hauv Asia, ib lub cuab yeej tau tsim los rau cua sov dej thiab brewing tshuaj yej nrog lub tshuab. Txhua leej txhua tus paub tias cov tshuaj yej kab lig kev cai ntawm Asians yog rooted nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, nws tsis yog xav tsis thoob tias lawv nquag tsim lawv inventions. Tebchaws Europe kuj muaj nws tus kheej "samovars", cov qauv tsim uas tau ua haujlwm hauv Holland thiab Fabkis. Ib tug nquag tuaj xyuas Holland yog Lavxias teb sab Tsar Peter lub Great. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias nws coj lub tswv yim thiab qauv ntawm Lavxias teb sab samovar los ntawm muaj. kev loj hlobmetallurgical kev lag luam nyob rau hauv lub Urals thiab tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug impetus rau lub fact tias nws yog nyob ntawm no tias thawj samovars pib tsim.
Pib Tula tus kheej brewing
Thawj Tula dynasty, uas pib tsim cov samovars thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, yog tsev neeg Lisitsyn. Ob tug kwv tij txawj ntse ua samovars tsis yog rau cov neeg zoo tib yam nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe thiab tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe. Lawv khaws lub baton rau kev tsim cov dej rhaub ntawm Batashev, Shemarin, Fomin tsev neeg. Cov khoom ntawm txhua lub dynasties yog khaws cia hauv Tula Samovars Tsev khaws puav pheej. Tula ua tib zoo kho nws cov keeb kwm. Nws tseem yog qhov nthuav tias cov npe ntawm cov nqi rau samovars los ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th thiab qee cov ntaub ntawv nthuav tawm los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, xws li cov kev xav tau rau cov neeg ua haujlwm thaum thov rau txoj haujlwm, tau khaws cia.
Hauv txhua lub tsev Lavxias ntawm XVIII-XIX centuries muaj ib tug samovar. Tab sis tsis tsuas yog Russians them tribute rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev no. Samovars kuj tau yuav thiab xaj los ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Qhov zoo ntawm Tula cov khoom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab Amelikas, ua pov thawj los ntawm cov khoom plig thiab daim ntawv pov thawj uas tau yeej los ntawm Lavxias samovars ntawm kev nthuav qhia thoob ntiaj teb. Cov khoom lag luam uas tau txais txiaj ntsig samovar tau ua cov cim kos npe rau ntawm lawv cov khoom, uas yog ib qho qauv rau cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws, thiab qee txoj kev tiv thaiv cov khoom cuav.
Txawm tias lub xyoo dhau los ntawm Soviet tsis tau rhuav tshem Tula samovarmakers, uas tau hloov kho sai sai rau lawv tus kheej txoj cai tshiab, thiab pib kho lawv cov khoom nrog rau rauj thiab lub logo, thiab txawm tias lub hnub qub liab.
Tom qab peb puas xyoo, samovar tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm neeg Lavxias lub neej. Thiab tshuaj yej, uas nyob rau hauv lub tsars tsuas yog muaj rau cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe, tau los ua cov neeg zoo tib yam. Ib lub sijhawm dhau los. Tab sis lub nroog ntawm Tula, lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm samovars tau khaws cia lub cim xeeb ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd thiab txaus siab rau lawv cov craftsmen. Los ntawm txoj cai, cov khoom plig nrov tshaj plaws hauv zos yog cov khoom dai, uas yog lub cim ntawm Lavxias teb sab tos txais thiab kev nplij siab hauv tsev.
Tsis yog samovar
Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej "Tula Samovars" yog tus saib xyuas thiab sau tag nrho cov lus tseeb ntawm kev txhim kho cov tshuaj yej ceremony, ntau yam tshuaj yej, nws sau nyob rau hauv Russia thiab nyiam "noble" dej qab zib. Sab hauv ntawm chav tshuaj yej ntawm lub xyoo pua XIV, nrog rau cov tshuaj yej zoo kawg nkaus thiab cov khoom siv tau nthuav tawm hauv cov tsev khaws puav pheej.
Lub tsev khaws puav pheej muaj cov khoom thiab cov cuab yeej siv los ua cov samovars, siv los ntawm qhov pib ntawm nws cov tsos, cov qauv tseem ceeb uas yog kev txaus siab ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej - qhov loj tshaj plaws thiab tsawg tshaj plaws samovars. Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej "Tula Samovars" yuav qhia nws cov neeg tuaj saib rau cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm cov niaj hnub multicooker - ib qho chaw pw hav zoov, nrog rau cov samovar rau kev ua porridge thiab kua zaub, uas ua ke ntau qhov sib xyaw ua ke rau kev npaj tshuaj yej thiab zaub mov. Kev sau kuj suav nrog cov poj koob yawm txwv ntawm samovar - sbitennik. Yog lawm, tus tsim ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tsis hnov qab tias samovar yog cov yawg koob ntawm niaj hnub hluav taws xob kettles, thiab cov khoom khaws cia hauv tsev khaws puav pheej muaj cov qauv xav paub ntawm thawj lub hwj chim hluav taws xob, thiab tseem qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm samovar rau hauv lub thawv niaj hnub.
Cais, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau xav txog cov qauv khoom plig: ntawm no yog birch tawv, thiab av nplaum, pob tshab iav thiab pleev xim plooj (porcelain), ntoo thiab qab zib!
Tsis txwv rau ib qho kev taw qhia Tsev khaws puav pheej "Tula samovars". Tsev khaws puav pheej hauv Tula paub txog lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv piav qhia, ntxiv rau qhov chaw mus tas li, muaj kev nthuav qhia uas kov cov keeb kwm ntawm cov tshuaj yej ceremony hauv Tsarist Russia thiab Soviet xyoo. Txhua yam hais txog tshuaj yej kab lis kev cai thiab lub rooj teeb tsa, nrov samovars, kho thiab hom tshuaj yej zoo tshaj plaws tuaj yeem pom hauv tsev cia puav pheej. Kev qhuab qhia los ntawm ib tus kws qhia paub yuav yog zaj lus qhia keeb kwm tiag tiag.
Thiab ib tug samovar
Lub samovar tau hu nkauj hauv cov haujlwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics. Ib yam li khau boots thiab balalaika, nws tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntsuj plig rau cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Ntau tus tswv ntawm kev kos duab thiab khoom siv tes ua tau koom nrog hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj no tus huab tais ntawm Lavxias tshuaj yej ceremony.
Txhua yam uas samovar coj: fig, vase, hub, iav, qe, feem ntau yog cubic thiab cylindrical. Rau cov neeg pluag - ntoo, rau cov nplua nuj - hluav taws xob, tooj liab, cupronickel, tooj dag. Camping samovars nrog tshem tau ob txhais ceg thiab hnyav loj loj rau tag nrho cov tuam txhab ntawm cov tub rog - keeb kwm paub ntau txoj kev xaiv.
Tshaj centuries
xyoo dhau mus, tab sis Tula yuav tsis tso tseg, tsis xav tsis thoob cov lus paj lug hais tias: "Muab Tula ib daim hlau - nws yuav ua txuj ci tseem ceeb." Tam sim no tsuas yog kev lag luam cog rau kev tsim cov samovars "Stamp" tsim txog 1.5 labsouvenir tshuab ib xyoos twg. Puv-fledged hluav taws xob samovars tseem tawm hauv phab ntsa ntawm lub tuam txhab.
Qhov chaw yug ntawm Lavxias teb sab samovar yog Tula, lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm samovars yog lub ntsej muag ntawm lub nroog.
