Canadian beaver: qhov loj me, zaub mov, chaw nyob thiab piav qhia. Canadian beaver nyob rau hauv Russia

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Canadian beaver: qhov loj me, zaub mov, chaw nyob thiab piav qhia. Canadian beaver nyob rau hauv Russia
Canadian beaver: qhov loj me, zaub mov, chaw nyob thiab piav qhia. Canadian beaver nyob rau hauv Russia

Video: Canadian beaver: qhov loj me, zaub mov, chaw nyob thiab piav qhia. Canadian beaver nyob rau hauv Russia

Video: Canadian beaver: qhov loj me, zaub mov, chaw nyob thiab piav qhia. Canadian beaver nyob rau hauv Russia
Video: Часть 2 — Аудиокнига Гарриет Бичер-Стоу «Хижина дяди Тома» (главы 8–11) 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Canadian beaver yog ib hom tsiaj ib nrab dej uas muaj nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm nas. Lawv yog cov nas loj thib ob. Tsis tas li ntawd, Canadian beaver yog lub cim tsis raug cai ntawm Canada.

canadian beaver
canadian beaver

Nyob beavers

Txog hnub no, muaj ob hom: Canadian beaver, dej beaver (European). Lawv zoo sib xws heev, tshwj tsis yog tias thawj tus loj dua me ntsis. Lawv ib zaug kis thoob plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe, North America thiab Asia, tab sis niaj hnub no cov pejxeem tau poob qis heev. Qhov no yog qhov txhaum ntawm tus txiv neej uas tua tsiaj no rau lawv cov plaub thiab nqaij.

Qhov txawv ntawm Canadian thiab cov beavers ntau

Ob tus neeg sawv cev ntawm hom zoo sib xws, txawm hais tias Eurasian loj. Nws muaj lub taub hau loj dua thiab qis dua, thaum lub muzzle luv dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus Tsov tus tw yog nqaim, thiab lub tsho hauv qab yog me dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, Eurasian muaj cov ceg luv luv, yog li ntawd, nws tsis txav mus zoo ntawm nws ob txhais ceg.

Yuav luag 70% ntawm cov beavers ib txwm muaj xim av lossis lub teeb xim av, 20% yog txiv ntseej, 8% yog xim av tsaus, thiab tsuas yog 4% yog xim dub. Ib nrab ntawm Canadian beavers muaj lub teeb xim av tawv nqaij,25% yog xim av thiab 5% yog dub.

canadian beaver
canadian beaver

Cov kab mob sib kis muaj cov pob txha qhov ntswg ntev thiab peb lub qhov ntswg, thaum Canadian beaver muaj peb sab qhib. European lub qhov quav caj pas loj dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim plaub.

Tom qab rov sim hla tus txiv neej Amelikas thiab tus poj niam Eurasian, cov poj niam txawm tsis xeeb tub, lossis yug me nyuam. Feem ntau yuav, kev yug me nyuam interspecific yog tsis yooj yim sua. Tsis yog tsuas yog thaj chaw thaiv thaj tsam ntawm cov pej xeem no xwb, tab sis kuj muaj qhov sib txawv hauv DNA.

Ntxiv rau qhov sib txawv sab nraud, ob tus neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg no muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov chromosomes. Yog li, Canadian beavers muaj plaub caug chromosomes, cov ib txwm muaj 48. Ntau tus lej ntawm chromosomes yog vim li cas rau kev hla tsis tiav ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm ntau lub teb chaws.

canadian beaver tsho tiv no
canadian beaver tsho tiv no

Lwm qhov sib txawv ntawm beaver tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev puas tsuaj: Canadian beaver tsis tsim cov dams, nws tsim cov dams loj loj piv rau cov tsev ntawm nws cov kwv tij los ntawm Tebchaws Europe. Cov qauv zoo li no tuaj yeem ncav cuag ob peb puas meters ntev. Txij li hnub no lub Canadian beaver nyob rau hauv Russia nquag populates cheeb tsam, lawv cov chaw yog radically hloov ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, cov kwj dej nyob ib puag ncig ua rau muaj dej nyab, thiab qhov nthuav dav: qhov tsawg dua cov cheeb tsam uas lawv nyob, qhov loj dua lawv thaj tsam ntawm kev cuam tshuam! Lawv hloov tag nrho cov dej ntws nrog tag nrho cov teeb meem ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, Canadian vandals "mow down" nyob ze hav zoov, uas yog lawvtsim cov ntug hiav txwv dej thiab feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, beavers los ntawm lub xeev ze tshaj plaws ua liaj ua teb thiab ua liaj ua teb nyiag qoob loo, thiab kuj rampage nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev.

Kev faib tawm

Canadian beaver muaj nyob hauv Alaska (hauv North America), tshwj tsis yog rau sab qaum teb, sab hnub tuaj thiab sab hnub tuaj; Hauv Canada; nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas yuav luag txhua qhov chaw, ntxiv rau Florida, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Nevada thiab California; nyob rau sab qaum teb Mexico. Nws kuj tau qhia rau Scandinavian lub teb chaws. Los ntawm Finland nkag mus rau hauv cheeb tsam Leningrad thiab Karelia. Nws tau qhia txog Sakhalin thiab Kamchatka, nrog rau hauv Amur phiab.

canadian beaver nyob rau hauv Russia
canadian beaver nyob rau hauv Russia

Kev ua neej

Nws txoj kev ua neej zoo ib yam li Eurasian. Canadian beaver kuj tseem ua haujlwm thaum hmo ntuj, tsuas yog qee zaum tshwm sim thaum nruab hnub thiab qee zaum txav deb ntawm dej. Tsiaj txhu dhia dej thiab ua luam dej zoo kawg li thiab tuaj yeem nyob hauv qab dej txog li kaum tsib feeb. Beavers nyob hauv tsev neeg txog li yim tus neeg - niam txiv ob leeg thiab nws cov menyuam. Cov menyuam yaus nyob nrog lawv niam lawv txiv ntev txog ob xyoos. Cov tsev neeg ib txwm nyob ib puag ncig thiab tiv thaiv lawv thaj av los ntawm lwm yam tsiaj.

Txoj kev ciam teb ntawm cov phiaj xwm tau cim nrog lub dav hlau beaver (qhov zais cia ntawm lub qhov quav), uas yog siv rau lub mounds ntawm cov av thiab av nkos. Thaum muaj kev phom sij, tsiaj txhu ntaus dej nrog lawv tus Tsov tus tw, yog li muab lub tswb ceeb toom. Zoo li Eurasians, lawv nyob hauv cov tsev pheeb suab, uas lawv tsim los ntawm brushwood smeared nrog av thiab av. Los ntawm cov tsev pheeb suab muaj cov kab hauv qab dej; Nyob rau hauv lawv lub hauv pem teb yog them nrog bark, ntoo shavings thiab nyom. Canadian beaver nyob hauv qhov ntau tsawg dua li nws cov Eurasian counterpart. Rau kev caiceev ntawm ntws thiab dej theem, nws tsim dams ntawm tus dej ntws los ntawm ceg, cav, silt, pob zeb, av nplaum. Cov neeg Canadians muaj kev txawj tsim kho zoo heev.

Reproduction

Feem ntau, beavers nyob hauv tsev neeg muaj poj niam thiab ib tug txiv neej, nrog rau cov tsiaj hluas ntawm xyoo dhau los thiab tam sim no. Lub caij yug me nyuam hauv ntau qhov chaw yog Lub Ib Hlis-Lub Ob Hlis. Cov tub ntxhais hluas uas muaj hnub nyoog li ob xyoos tam sim no, raug ntiab tawm ntawm thaj chaw mus nrhiav chaw nyob rau lwm qhov, nrog rau lawv cov phooj ywg.

Qhov sib txawv ntawm Canadian thiab ntau beavers
Qhov sib txawv ntawm Canadian thiab ntau beavers

Lub sijhawm gestation yog 107 hnub, thiab cov txiv neej nrog cov menyuam yaus tsiv mus nyob ib ntus mus rau qhov tshwj xeeb kom txog rau thaum yug menyuam hauv lub sijhawm txij lub Plaub Hlis mus txog rau Lub Rau Hli. Kev yug me nyuam yuav siv sij hawm ob peb hnub, feem ntau txog li 5 tus menyuam yug los. Cov me nyuam mos yog tag nrho pubescent, lawv pom incisors, lawv ob lub qhov muag qhib. Thaum lawv yug los, beavers twb nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv dej, txij li thaum lawv muaj peev xwm ua luam dej los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm lawv cov tsos. Cov neeg laus feem coob yog cov neeg tsis sib haum xeeb, ob leeg tsuas tuaj yeem sib cais nrog tus khub tuag.

Khoom noj

Canadian, lossis North American, beaver noj cov zaub mov tshwj xeeb. Cov tsiaj no pub rau tua thiab tawv ntoo, xaiv willow, aspen, birch thiab poplar. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv kuj noj txhua yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag herbaceous (pod, dej lily, cattail, iris, reed, thiab lwm yam., txog li peb puas khoom nyob rau hauv tag nrho). Ntau tus ntoo softwood yog qhov tsim nyog rau lawv qhov chaw nyob. Linden, hazel, noog cherry, elm thiab lwm yam ntoo hauv lawv cov khoom noj muajqhov tseem ceeb thib ob. Lawv tsis noj oak thiab alder, tab sis lawv siv rau lawv lub tsev. Cov zaub mov txhua hnub yog nce txog ib feem tsib ntawm tus tsiaj qhov hnyav. Qhov muaj zog tom thiab cov hniav loj ua rau beavers tau yooj yim tiv nrog zaub mov tawv.

Canadian los yog North American beaver
Canadian los yog North American beaver

Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, qhov feem ntawm cov zaub mov nyom hauv cov zaub mov ntawm beavers nce. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg lawv koom nrog kev npaj zaub mov rau Frost. Lawv muab tso rau hauv dej, qhov chaw uas lawv muaj peev xwm khaws lawv cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig mus txog rau lub Ob Hlis. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov khoom noj los ntawm khov rau hauv dej khov, beavers sov nws nyob rau hauv lub overhanging ntxhab ntug dej hauv qab dej. Yog li txawm tias tom qab lub pas dej khov, cov zaub mov tseem muaj nyob hauv qab dej khov.

Ntaus

Tus Canadian beaver, tsis zoo li Eurasian, uas yuav luag tag nrho, raug kev txom nyem ntau dua. Nws tsis zwm rau hom kev tiv thaiv; nws cov naj npawb mus txog 15 lab tus tib neeg, tab sis ua ntej lub colonization ntawm North America, muaj ntau ntau zaus. Cov tsiaj no tau raug tua ntau heev rau cov nqaij thiab cov plaub, thiab qhov no, thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, ua rau txo qis hauv lawv qhov ntau. Tom qab ntawd, ua tsaug rau kev kho dua tshiab thiab kev tiv thaiv, lawv tag nrho cov naj npawb tau nce ntxiv.

canadian beaver tus dej beaver
canadian beaver tus dej beaver

Hnub no, Canadian beaver raug suav hais tias nyob hauv qee lub xeev yog ib qho kev phom sij tshwj xeeb rau tsiaj, vim tias cov dams tsim los ntawm cov tsiaj no ua rau dej nyab ntawm thaj chaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv kev tsim khokev ua si muaj peev xwm ua kom puas tag nrho cov nroj tsuag raws ntug dej hiav txwv. Txawm hais tias feem ntau, beavers muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab dej biotopes, thaum tsim cov xwm txheej rau kev vam meej ntawm ntau yam kab mob.

Tus beaver yog tus tsiaj hauv tebchaws Canada. Nws yog piav qhia ntawm ib lub npib nrog lub ntsej muag tus nqi ntawm 5 xees. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog ib lub cim ntawm lub xeev ntawm New York thiab Oregon, thiab tseem tau piav qhia ntawm lub cim ntawm California Institute of Technology thiab Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Cov plaub hau: Canadian beaver

canadian beaver tsho tiv no
canadian beaver tsho tiv no

Cov tsho tiv no plaub tau muaj nuj nqis nyob rau hauv Russia ntev. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog fluffy, mos thiab sov heev plaub. Muaj ib qho tshwj xeeb undercoat, nws zoo haum rau Lavxias teb sab kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv los ntawm huab cua phem. Xws li lub tsho tiv no zoo tshaj plaws txawm tias mink nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm hnav zoo (qhov no yog suav hais tias yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv tseem ceeb hauv hierarchy ntawm cov plaub hau muaj txiaj ntsig). Tsis tas li ntawd, tus beaver tsis ntshai ntawm noo noo, thiab qhov no yog qhov tsis tshua muaj ntawm cov plaub. Nws kuj tsuas yog fluffier hauv qab daus ntub.

Cov pluab no tsis yog qhov yooj yim ua haujlwm nrog. Plucked plaub yog suav tias yog tshwj xeeb thiab, yog li ntawd, kim tshaj plaws. Lub tshuab plucking yog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv jeweler, uas ua rau kom tus nqi ntawm lub tsho plaub, thaum ua rau nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog airy thiab lub teeb. Tsuas yog tag nrho cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov tsiaj hluas yog siv hauv kev ua haujlwm. Rau txhua yam khoom, cov qauv xim yog xaiv ib tus zuj zus. Qee zaum nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ib xyoos. Txawm hais tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov no yog daim duab tiag tiag ntawm cov xim sib haum xeeb, shimmering nrog ntuj ntxoov los ntawm lub teeb rautsaus ntuj.

Canadian beaver unofficial cim ntawm Canada
Canadian beaver unofficial cim ntawm Canada

Npaj qhov tseeb

  • Thaum da dej, lub tiaj tus beaver tus Tsov tus tw ua lub paddle tiag tiag rau tus tsiaj.
  • Tus beaver yog suav tias yog qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws (tom qab lub capybara) ntawm cov nas nyob niaj hnub no.
  • Thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, nws nrov nrov nplawm nws tus Tsov tus tw ntawm dej kom ceeb toom rau nws cov txheeb ze.
  • Tus tsiaj muaj ko taw, ua rau nws ua luam dej zoo heev.
  • Ib tug beaver tuaj yeem nyob hauv qab dej tau kaum tsib feeb.

Pom zoo: