Kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig yog ib txheej kev soj ntsuam uas saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm ib puag ncig, nrog rau nws qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab kev kwv yees ntawm cov kev hloov pauv tshwm sim hauv nws nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ob qho tib si anthropogenic thiab tej yam ntuj tso.
Raws li txoj cai, cov kev tshawb fawb no yeej ib txwm ua nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam, tab sis cov kev pabcuam cuam tshuam nrog lawv koom nrog ntau lub tuam tsev, thiab lawv cov haujlwm tsis koom nrog hauv ib qho twg. Vim li no, kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig tau ntsib nrog txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb: txhawm rau txiav txim siab thaj tsam ecological thiab kev lag luam. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog xaiv cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb rau lub xeev ntawm ib puag ncig. Koj kuj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov ntaub ntawv tau txais txaus los kos cov lus xaus.
Hom kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig
Vim tias muaj ntau txoj haujlwm ntawm ntau theem tau daws thaum soj ntsuam, ib zaug nws tau thov kom paub qhov txawv ntawm peb cov lus qhia:
- sanitary-hygienic;
- ntuj thiab nyiaj txiag;
- ntiaj teb.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev xyaum, nws tau pom tias txoj hauv kev no tsis tau txhais meej meejzoning thiab koom haum parameters. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom meej cais cov dej num ntawm ib puag ncig soj ntsuam subspecies.
Kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig: subsystems
Lub ntsiab subtypes ntawm kev soj ntsuam ib puag ncig yog:
- Kev saib xyuas huab cua. Qhov kev pabcuam no suav nrog kev tswj hwm thiab kev kwv yees ntawm huab cua hloov pauv. Nws npog daim ntawv dej khov, huab cua, dej hiav txwv thiab lwm qhov chaw ntawm biosphere uas cuam tshuam nws qhov tsim.
- Kev soj ntsuam Geophysical. Qhov kev pabcuam no tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv ntawm huab cua paug thiab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm hydrologists, meteorologists.
- Kev soj ntsuam lom neeg. Qhov kev pabcuam no saib xyuas kev ua qias tuaj rau txhua yam kabmob uas muaj sia nyob.
- Saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv ib thaj chaw tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev pabcuam no saib xyuas, tshuaj xyuas thiab kwv yees qhov kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov pejxeem.
Yog li, feem ntau, kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig yog raws li hauv qab no. Ib puag ncig (lossis ib qho ntawm nws cov khoom) raug xaiv, nws cov ntsuas ntsuas, cov ntaub ntawv raug sau thiab xa mus. Tom qab ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv tau ua tiav, lawv cov yam ntxwv dav dav tau muab rau ntawm theem tam sim no, thiab kev kwv yees tau ua rau yav tom ntej.
Ib puag ncig saib xyuas qib
Kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig yog ib qho txheej txheem ntau. Hauv kev txiav txim nce mus, nws zoo li qhov no:
- Qhia meej theem. Kev tshuaj xyuas yog siv nyob rau hauv me me.
- theem hauv zos. Cov txheej txheem no yog tsim thaum qhov chaw ntawm kev soj ntsuam kom ntxaws tau muab tso rau hauv ib lub network. Ntawd yog, nwstwb tab tom nyob hauv ib cheeb tsam lossis ib lub nroog loj.
- Qib cheeb tsam. Nws suav nrog thaj chaw ntawm ntau thaj chaw hauv tib cheeb tsam lossis thaj chaw.
- National Level. Nws yog tsim los ntawm lub regional soj ntsuam systems nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws.
- Ntiaj teb no. Nws sib txuas cov kev saib xyuas ntawm ntau lub teb chaws. Nws txoj haujlwm yog los saib xyuas lub xeev ntawm ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb, txhawm rau kwv yees nws cov kev hloov pauv, uas tshwm sim, thiab lwm yam, vim yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom siv anthropogenic ntawm biosphere.
Kev Tshawb Fawb
Kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig yog kev tshawb fawb thiab muaj nws txoj haujlwm. Nws qhia txog cov hom phiaj ntawm nws qhov kev siv, cov kauj ruam tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas tsim los ntawm kev saib xyuas ib puag ncig yog raws li hauv qab no:
- Daim ntawv teev cov khoom uas tswj hwm. Qhov qhia tseeb ntawm lawv thaj chaw.
- Daim ntawv qhia txog kev tswj tsis tu ncua thiab kev txwv qhov kev lees paub rau lawv cov kev hloov pauv.
Thiab thaum kawg, lub sijhawm, piv txwv li yuav tsum coj mus kuaj ntau npaum li cas thiab thaum twg cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muab.
