Tus kws sau nkauj Leonid Myasin: tus neeg txawv tebchaws Lavxias

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:52

Lub npe ntawm Leonid Myasin yog me ntsis paub nyob rau hauv Russia, nws paub nyob rau hauv nqaim voj voog ntawm dancers, choreographers thiab ballet dancers. Sergei Diaghilev qhov kev nkag siab thiab kev txawj ntse rau cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj peev xwm ua las voos ib zaug hloov txoj hmoo ntawm ib tug tub hluas Lavxias teb sab seev cev thiab sau nws hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev ua yeeb yam txawv teb chaws.

Leonid Fedorovich Myasin yug hauv Moscow thaum Lub Yim Hli 8, 1895. Nws niam nws txiv yog kws ntaus suab paj nruag: nws txiv, Fyodor Myasin, yog ib tug neeg ncaws pob ntawm Bolshoi Theatre, thiab nws niam, Evgenia, ua si soprano ntawm tib Bolshoi. Tsev neeg muaj tsib tug me nyuam. Plaub tug tub, uas Leonid yog tus yau thiab tus menyuam yau tshaj plaws, thiab ib tug ntxhais.

Cov kwv tij Leni nyob deb ntawm kev kos duab, cov laus Mikhail yog ib tug tub rog, thiab ob tug Konstantin thiab Grigory tab tom npaj los ua engineers. Txawm tias thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov, Leonid Myasin pib nyiam ua las voos thiab suab paj nruag, tab sis nws yog kev lom zem, tsis yog lub siab xav mob siab rau nws tus kheej rau kev kos duab.

Ib zaug ib tug phooj ywg ntawm nws niam los ntawm Bolshoi Theatre pom tus tub tsiv thiab qhia Evgenia Nikolaevna kom xa nws mus rau tsev kawm ua yeeb yam. Leonid tau xeem dhau qhov kev xeem nkag mus rau lub tsev kawm ua yeeb yam thiab tsis ntev nws tau cuv npe hauv chav kawm tseem ceeb ntawm chav ua yeeb yam.

Thaum nws muaj yim xyoo nws pibkom nkag siab txog lub hauv paus ntawm choreography los ntawm kev koom nrog hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Maly Drama Theatre. Tom qab ua tiav nws qhov kev xeem dhau los ua ib tus tub ntxhais kawm sab nraud, Leonid nyob ntawm txoj kev sib tshuam: kev ntaus pob tesniv lossis ua yeeb yam.

Sib ntsib nrog Diaghilev

Lavxias teb sab ua yeeb yam thiab tus sau ntawm "Lavxias Lub Caij" Sergei Diaghilev tom qab tawm ntawm pawg neeg Vaclav Nezhinsky mus nrhiav tus thawj tswj hwm tshiab thiab lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm "Seasons" troupe. Pom Massine nyob rau hauv 1913 nyob rau hauv ib tug me me lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Swan Lake, Diaghilev ua rau Leonid tau txais mus koom lub troupe thiab mus nrog nws mus rau Paris. Rau nws tus kheej surprise, tus txiv leej tub pom zoo. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1914, Massine tawm hauv tebchaws Russia.

Russian Seasons

Diaghilev tab tom npaj kev tsim khoom ntawm "Cov Lus Dab Neeg ntawm Yauxej", uas lub luag haujlwm yog npaj rau Myasin. Tab sis ua ntej lub premiere, ib tug ntev kev npaj ntawm tus seev cev rau lub "Lavxias teb sab Seasons" raws.

Nws kawm nrog Cecchetti hauv Ltalis, qhov chaw Leonid Myasin thiab Diaghilev tuaj txog. Cov txiv neej tau mus xyuas cov chaw ua yeeb yam, tsev cia puav pheej, tsev noj mov, siv sijhawm ntau ua ke thiab feem ntau pom los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Positano, Ltalis.

Lub Tsib Hlis 14, 1914, qhov premiere ntawm "Cov Lus Dab Neeg ntawm Yauxej" tau tshwm sim hauv Paris, uas yog qhov ua tau zoo thiab dhau los ua Myasin "kub daim pib" rau Diaghilev troupe ua thawj tus neeg seev cev thiab nyiam.

Cov koom tes thiab lwm tus tswv cuab ntawm pawg neeg tau rov qab los ntawm Massine ua tus neeg ua yeeb yam tsis txaus ntseeg thiab xav tau, megalomania thiab kev qia dub feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm theem. Txawm li cas losTxawm li cas los xij, Diaghilev tsis muaj kev tsis ntseeg txog cov tub ntxhais hluas Myasin, nws caw Leonid ua txhua yam ntawm Nezhinsky.

Kev xa mus tas li rau Vaclav ua tus kws tshaj lij ua yeeb yam ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab heev thiab ua rau Myasin kev khav theeb, ntxiv rau, kev mus ncig ua tsis tiav rau lub xeev ua rau tus tub hluas txoj kev ntseeg tus kheej. Diaghilev txiav txim siab los txhawb tus txiv leej tub thiab caw nws los ua tus kws kos duab ntawm Lavxias teb sab Seasons. Ua ke lawv npaj rau kev tsim khoom tshiab thiab ncig xyuas, tab sis qhov tshwm sim ntawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib ua rau txhua yam tsis zoo. Kev txaus siab rau kev kos duab tau poob qis, cov pab pawg tsis tshua mus ncig thiab tsuas yog mus rau garrison thiab tsev kho mob. Xyoo 1915, kev tsim tawm thawj zaug ntawm Leonid Myasin's "Ib tag hmo Sun" tau ua tiav, thiab tus kws ua las voos dhau los ua tus kws kos duab.

Exile

Myasin mus ncig ntau yam hauv kev tshawb nrhiav kev tshoov siab thiab kev paub txog kev ua yeeb yam pej xeem. Nws paub hauv Switzerland, Spain, Fabkis. Cov kev ua yeeb yam "Ib tug poj niam nyob rau hauv lub siab zoo", "Parade", "Cocked Hat" thiab lwm yam hauj lwm tau nthuav tawm rau cov pej xeem txawv teb chaws. Qee qhov kev ua yeeb yam ua rau muaj kev npau taws, lwm tus - lawv raug rhuav tshem los ntawm kev sawv ovation.

Diaghilev yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg txog tus kws kos duab, tsis pub leej twg paub nws ntshai tsam rov hais dua zaj dab neeg nrog Nezhinsky, uas tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1921. Leonid Myasin tshaj tawm nws txoj kev sib yuav rau ballerina Vera Savina, tom qab ntawd nws raug rho tawm los ntawm Diaghilev los ntawm pab pawg. Tus kws sau paj huam nws tus kheej coj nws txoj kev raug tshem tawm mob hnyav, vim nws poob nws txoj haujlwm thiab kev ua neej nyob. Kev hlub tsis tau muab kev nplij siab - nyob rau hauv 1924 tus Choreographer thiab Savina tawg.

Lub sijhawm tib lub sijhawm Myasin tau txais ib lub koog me meib lub archipelago nyob ze Naples, uas nws xav muab los ua ib qho chaw nyob rau kev ua yeeb yam thiab ballet artists. Tam sim ntawd nws pib ua neej nyob thiab sau nws phau ntawv keeb kwm. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm Leonid Myasin "Kuv lub neej hauv kev ntaus pob tesniv" yuav dhau los ua rau cov neeg nyeem tsuas yog hauv 90s, ua tsaug rau nws tus cwj pwm yuav pib kawm hauv Russia.

Xyoo 1933, tus kws kos duab tau sau cov qub Diaghilev thiab cov kws txawj ua yeeb yam rau hauv pab pawg "Lavxias teb sab Ballet hauv Monte Carlo", thiab xyoo 1939 nws yuav pib kov yeej Asmeskas nrog kev ntaus pob. Kev ncig ua si hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tau zoo heev uas Myasin thiab nws tus poj niam thib peb Tatiana Orlova tau tsiv mus nyob hauv Asmeskas.

Vim mus rau Russia

Xyoo 1961, tom qab 40 xyoo tsis tuaj, Myasin tuaj rau Moscow. Cia siab tias yuav poob rau hauv kev nco qab thaum yau, Leonid ntsib tsuas yog kev tu siab thiab kev poob siab. Kev soj ntsuam, censorship, NKVD kuj cuam tshuam rau nws tsev neeg, nws tus tij laug Mikhail, tub rog tub ceev xwm raug ntes rau "hais lus tsis zoo." Cov neeg nyob nrog ceev faj thiab ceev faj, xws li qhov xwm txheej hauv Russia chim siab Myasin heev.

Kev mus ntsib kws kho mob thib ob ntawm nws lub tebchaws tau tshwm sim ob xyoos tom qab. Nws vam tias nws cov khoom lag luam yuav pom ntawm Bolshoi Theatre. Tab sis tom qab ntawd Minister of Culture Furtseva muaj tus cwj pwm tsis zoo rau txhua yam Western, txawm hais tias nrog cov hauv paus hauv Lavxias, thiab Myasin tshuav tsis muaj dab tsi.

xyoo kawg ntawm lub neej

Massin tau ua ntau dua 100 tus neeg ntaus pob, uas tau pom nyob rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub tebchaws tsim. Nws txawm starred nyob rau hauv ob peb films, qhov twg nws kuj koom nyob rau hauv lub choreography. Nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej, Leonid Fedorovich qhuab qhia ntawm pej xeem seev cev nyob rau hauvRoyal School hauv London. Nws cov me nyuam Leonid thiab Tatyana kuj tau los ua neeg seev cev.

Tus kws qhia seev cev tau tuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 83 hauv tebchaws Yelemes.