Hnub no, nws yog 9x18 cartridge uas yog cov nyiam tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia, nrog rau lwm lub tebchaws CIS. Tsim muaj ntau tshaj li ib nrab xyoo dhau los, nws tau tswj xyuas nws cov kev ua tau zoo - ntau yam tsis siv neeg thiab semi-automatic riam phom tau tsim rau nws. Yog li, txhua tus neeg uas nyiam ua lag luam yuav tsum kawm paub ntau ntxiv txog nws kom meej.
History of Appearance
Tom qab kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj, cov neeg pej xeem, nrog rau cov qub tub rog, pom lawv tus kheej muaj ntau yam riam phom uas tsis tau sau npe, suav nrog TT rab yaj phom uas tsim nyog rau kev zais zais. Yog li ntawd, nws tau dhau los ua qhov tsim nyog los tsim cov cartridge tshiab uas tsis tuaj yeem thauj khoom rau hauv TT. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tub ceev xwm xav tau riam phom uas yuav muaj lub zog tuag taus nrog qhov me me.
Nws yog thaum ntawd lub xeev txiav txim rau kev tsim cov cartridge tshiab tau tsim. Lawv tau dhau los ua 9x18 mm cartridge. Tus tsim qauv uas yeej qhov kev sib tw nrog cov lus pom zoo no yog B. V. Semin. Tom qab ntau qhov kev sim, lub cartridge tau txais hauv xyoo 1951. Los ntawm lub sij hawm no, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug tshiabriam phom hauv qab nws.
Key Features
Thawj pib, 9x18 mm rab yaj phom cartridge muaj lub tes tsho tooj dag. Cov mos txwv yog bimetallic, muaj ib tug txhuas core, nws tau nias rau hauv lub plhaub steel. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ntawd cov neeg tsim qauv tau ua qee qhov kev kho kom zoo. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, cov mos txwv bimetallic tau txais lub tsho hlau lead thiab cov tub ntxhais hlau.
Qhov no ua rau nws tuaj yeem txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim cartridge, thiab tib lub sijhawm txo cov khoom siv lead ua muaj txiaj ntsig. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ricochet tau txo qis - thaum nws tsoo ib qho khoom thaiv, lub plhaub mos mos yog deformed, yog li tua lub impulse. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas nws tau dhau los ua kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom tsis yog hlau - ntoo, nyias tin, nrog rau lub cev mos mos. Cov mos txwv tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov phiaj xwm tawv tawv, tab sis qhov no tsis tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb - feem ntau ntawm cov neeg ua phem rau cov neeg tua tsiaj tsis hnav lawv.
Ib lub mos txwv ntawm tus qauv cartridge muaj qhov hnyav ntawm 6.1 grams. Qhov loj caliber muab siab muzzle zog - nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 300 joules. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, txawm tias thaum dhau los ntawm lub cev luv luv, qhov kev kub ceev nrawm heev - 315 meters ib ob.
Pros of a cartridge
Tam sim no koj paub txhua yam txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm 9x18 cartridge, nws tsim nyog luv luv tham txog nws qhov zoo.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov ua haujlwm siab nres. Txawm hais tias lub zog muzzle ntawm rab yaj phom siv cov cartridge no qis dua, piv txwv li, TT, txoj kab uas hla loj dua, cov mos txwv duab thiab qhov hnyav tau them rau qhov tsis zoo no. Qhov no tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau cov tub ceev xwm - nws tau dhau los ua kom tsis txhob ua txhaum cai txawm tias muaj kev sib tsoo zoo ib yam ntawm caj npab lossis ceg.
Ntxiv rau, lub zog qis qis tau tso cai rau kev txhim kho ntawm rab yaj phom compact nrog lub tswv yim txhim khu kev qha thiab yooj yim automation. Tau kawg, peb tab tom tham txog rab yaj phom Makarov, tsim tshwj xeeb rau 9x18 cartridge.
Main flaws
Alas, txhua qhov kev tsim qauv uas muaj qee qhov zoo kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo.
Rau 9x18 PM cartridge, lub ntsiab yog qhov luv luv sib ntaus sib tua. Txawm hais tias qhov kev ua haujlwm tau zoo yog 50 meters, cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias 20-30 meters yog qhov tseeb dua. Txawm li cas los xij, yog vim li cas rau qhov no tsis yog ntau lub zog qis qis raws li lub hom phiaj luv luv ntawm Makarov rab yaj phom. Rau cov tub ceev xwm, qhov no tsis yog qhov tsis zoo, tab sis rau cov tub rog tub ceev xwm nws ua rab phom nrog cov cartridge tsis haum - qhov kev tua tau zoo tau dhau los ua me me.
Lwm qhov tsis zoo yog qhov tsis muaj zog nkag mus. Lub caliber loj ntawm cov mos txwv tsuas yog tsis tso cai rau nws nkag mus rau txhua yam teeb meem. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem no tau daws tau thaum cov kws tshaj lij tau tsim ib daim cartridge tshwj xeeb - peb yuav tham txog nws me ntsis tom qab.
riam phom siv daim cartridge no
Ntau tus neeg tsim khoom txaus siab rau qhov zoo ntawm cov mos txwv, yog li cov kws tshaj lij los ntawm ntau lub tebchaws tau tsim cov riam phom rau nws. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub USSR thiab lwm lub teb chaws, thiabtam sim no txuas ntxiv hauv ntau lub xeev ntawm qhov chaw tom qab-Soviet. Tsis yog txhua qhov kev txhim kho tau ua tiav, tab sis tseem, ntau rab phom thiab rab phom submachine tau txais, siv los ntawm ob tus tub ceev xwm thiab tub ceev xwm tshwj xeeb.
Tau kawg, riam phom nto moo tshaj plaws uas siv 9x18 cartridges yog Makarov. Tus yawg laus PM, nws tau ua haujlwm txij li nruab nrab-50s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem thiab tam sim no. Muaj tseeb, kev rov ua dua tshiab tau ua tiav - nws tau hloov los ntawm lwm yam, ntau hom riam phom niaj hnub. Tab sis muaj kev nyab xeeb hais tias PM yuav siv ntau tshaj ib xyoos.
Lwm txoj kev vam meej yog APS, lossis Stechkin rab yaj phom tsis siv neeg. Siv 9x18 caliber cartridges, nws yog tsim los rau ob qho tib si thiab tsis siv neeg tua hluav taws. Nws tsis yog qhov xwm txheej uas ntau tus tub ceev xwm tshwj xeeb nyiam qhov riam phom no. Rau kev hnav mus tas li (kev tiv thaiv tus kheej hauv cov tebchaws uas nws tau tso cai los ntawm tub ceev xwm) nws tsis haum vim nws qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv kev paub txhais tes hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, nws ua txuj ci tseem ceeb.
Qee paub hauv qee lub voj voog thiab PP-19, tseem hu ua "Bizon". Kev loj hlob zoo heev yog rab phom submachine compact nrog cov ntawv xov xwm auger. Nws txuas rau hauv qab lub thoob, uas txo qhov loj ntawm riam phom. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntawv xov xwm tuaj yeem tuav txog 64 rounds - qhov taw qhia zoo heev uas tso cai rau tus neeg muaj kev paub txog kev sib ntaus sib tua ntev. Tau kawg, qhov ntau tsis zoo heev - qhov zoo tshaj plaws, txog 50-70meters. Tab sis qhov riam phom no kuj tau tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev sib ntaus sib tua hauv nroog, nrog rau kev tu thiab tiv thaiv thaj chaw. Thiab nyob rau hauv xws li mob, xws li ib tug ntau yam yog heev txais. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm no yog qhov tseeb tias cov cartridges yuav luag tsis ricochet.
Tsis tas li, lwm yam riam phom uas tsis tshua paub tau tsim nyob rau hauv USSR thiab Russia: "Kiparis", "Kedr", "Berdysh", "Pernach", PB, PBS, PP-90 thiab lwm tus..
Tus tsim los ntawm Poland, Bulgaria, Czech koom pheej, Ukraine thiab lwm lub tebchaws kuj tau them nyiaj rau daim cartridge. Yog li, nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg hais tias 9x18 cartridge yog ib qho zoo nkauj nrhiav.
PMM Cartridge
Lub zog qis qis ntawm cov mos txwv raug rho tawm los ntawm tus qauv 9x18mm cartridge tsis haum rau qee tus kws tshaj lij rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Yog vim li cas thiaj tsim tau ib daim cartridge ntxiv, tom qab ntawd hu ua 9x18 PMM - nws tau siv, ntawm lwm yam riam phom, hauv Makarov rab yaj phom niaj hnub. Tab sis kuj tuaj yeem siv tau nrog qee cov phom submachine.
Qhov ntev ntawm daim cartridge tau nce ntxiv, thiab siv cov mos txwv tsis tu ncua, lub khob hliav qab tau siv. Thawj qhov kev txhim kho ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua kom qhov loj ntawm cov hmoov nplej. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov ntau ntawm cov mos txwv, nrog rau nws cov nyhuv tuag, tau nce ntau heev. Hloov cov duab ntawm cov mos txwv ntxiv txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm ricochets - qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws pom tseeb tias kev sib ntaus sib tua niaj hnub no tsis tau tawm tsam hauv thaj chaw qhib,tab sis feem ntau nyob hauv nroog, hauv qhov chaw me me.
Lub zog ntxiv ntawm daim cartridge ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tua tau cov yeeb ncuab tiv thaiv los ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Ntawm qhov deb ntawm 10 meters, cov mos txwv pib tho lub Zh-81 tub rog lub cev armor. Thaum raug rho tawm haujlwm ntawm 20 meters, nws lub zog txaus los tho ib daim ntawv ntawm 3 hli steel.
Ntau hom cartridge
Raws li tau hais los saum no, txhawm rau tshem tawm qee qhov tsis txaus lossis txhim kho cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, tus tsim qauv ua haujlwm ntau ntawm 9x18 mm cartridge li ib txwm. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kwv yees li kaum ob hom tshiab ntawm cov mos txwv tau tsim, uas, txawm hais tias tsis yog siv dav raws li tus qauv cartridge, tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov haujlwm.
Qhov piv txwv yooj yim tshaj plaws yog 9x18mm dawb paug cartridge. Bulletless, nws yog npaj rau pej xeem riam phom, nrog rau kev tsim tus cwj pwm ntawm kev tua nyob rau hauv cov neeg tuaj tshiab uas nqa caj npab thawj zaug.
Cov mos txwv nthuav dav 9x18 RG028. Nws yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug siab nkag mus rau lub mos txwv. Cov mos txwv semi-jacketed tau tsim rov qab rau xyoo 1970 los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm KGB. Nws tau npaj rau kev tua tus yeeb ncuab nrog kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog - lub tsho tiv thaiv mos txwv ntawm chav kawm 1-2. Thaum ntaus, cov tub ntxhais hlau tsis tas yuav kov yeej qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm lub plhaub - nws yooj yim tawg tawm thiab pierces tsis muaj zog armor.
Thaum tsim lub 9x18 SP7 cartridge, lub hom phiaj sib txawv tau ua raws - nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tsim cov mos txwv nrog kev siv zog ntxiv. Ntsig ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov mos txwv nyob rau hauv tag nrho nrog nce ceev (txog 420m / s) ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tua hluav taws ntawm lub hom phiaj uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, muab cov qhov txhab txaus ntshai thiab mob ntau dua.
Txhawm rau ntaus lub hom phiaj nrog kev tiv thaiv txhim khu kev qha, 9x18 7N25 cartridge tau tsim. Qhov tshwj xeeb armor-piercing mos txwv yog ua los ntawm high-strength steel, lub taub hau yog taw thiab protrudes los ntawm lub plhaub, thiab lub davhlau ceev yog nce mus rau 480 meters ib ob. Xws li ib qho yooj yim pierces tsis tau tsuas yog lub teeb mos mos lub tsho tiv no, tab sis kuj lub tsheb lub cev, tawm tsis muaj caij nyoog rau lub hom phiaj.
Zoo kawg
Nov yog qhov kawg ntawm kab lus. Los ntawm nws koj tau kawm txog keeb kwm, qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm 9x18 mm cartridge. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm peb nyeem txog dab tsi riam phom tau tsim rau daim cartridge no, yam tshwj xeeb ntawm mos txwv yog tsim los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij.
