Cartridge "Luger" 9x19: piav qhia, yam ntxwv, duab

Cov txheej txheem:

Cartridge "Luger" 9x19: piav qhia, yam ntxwv, duab
Cartridge "Luger" 9x19: piav qhia, yam ntxwv, duab

Video: Cartridge "Luger" 9x19: piav qhia, yam ntxwv, duab

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Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm caj npab me yog lub cartridge. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias niaj hnub riam phom science tau nce siab txij li thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog ntiaj teb kawg, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov cuab yeej me me tau cuam tshuam me ntsis rau cov tsos ntawm cov lus dab neeg 9x19 Luger cartridge, uas ua kev zoo siab rau nws 110th hnub tseem ceeb hauv 2012.

Pistol Luger (Parabellum)
Pistol Luger (Parabellum)

Keeb kwm ntawm daim cartridge

Lub ntiaj teb nto moo rab yaj phom Parabellum muaj ib tug yawm txiv, rab yaj phom ntawm German phom Hugo Borchard. Nws hu ua K-93. Nws cov mos txwv qauv yog 7.65 hli lub raj mis zoo li puag ncig nrog 9 hli bore.

Cov neeg tua phom suav tias yog rab yaj phom K-93 ua tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov khoom siv yog complex, kim thiab cov khoom siv-intensive. Nws cov mos txwv yog kim thiab nyuaj rau kev tsim khoom. Borchard thiab tus tub lag luam Luger tau ua cov kauj ruam los txhim kho rab yaj phom no. Nyob rau hauv 1902 lawv tsim lub legendary Parabellum. Nws daim cartridge kuj tau hloov dua siab tshiab: raunce lub zog thiab txo tus nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom, nws txiav tawm "lub caj dab".

Pib rab phom tau hu ua 9 × 19 PARA. Lub phom thiab nws cov mos txwv tau txais los ntawm German Navy hauv xyoo 1904. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1908, lawv tau ua tub rog German tag nrho. Tom qab ntawd, Parabellum tau nrov heev uas ntau lub tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb, suav nrog Russia, pib yuav nws.

German Cartridge 9x19 Luger (Parabellum)
German Cartridge 9x19 Luger (Parabellum)

pib taug kev ntev

Thaum chiv keeb, Luger2 9x19 cartridge tau ntim nrog 2 hom mos txwv: nrog lub tiaj tiaj thiab nrog lub ntsej muag kheej kheej. Xyoo 1915, kev tsim cov mos txwv nrog lub hau tiaj tiaj tau nres. Muaj ntau tshaj li ib puas qhov sib txawv. hom thiab qauv ntawm cov caj npab me uas siv lub Luger 9x19 cartridge.

Xyoo 1917, cov ntaub ntawv cartridge thiab cov mos txwv tau pib coated nrog cov kua roj vanish tshwj xeeb. Txij thaum ntawd los, tus qauv 9 × 19mm cartridge tseem zoo li tsis hloov.

Nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws, nrog rau kev yooj yim ntawm kev tsim khoom, uas tau sim los ntawm ntau qhov kev tsov rog ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, coj mus rau qhov tseeb tias nws tau dhau los ua ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

Riam phom thiab cartridge "Luger" 9x19 ("Parabellum") tau lees paub tias yog cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov riam phom luv luv tsim los tiv thaiv tus kheej hauv xyoo pua 20th. Kev tua los ntawm Luger lossis Parabellum rab yaj phom kho qhov kev khaws cia ntawm lub zog tuagntawm qhov deb ntawm txog 100-120 meters. Qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws tau ua tiav ntawm qhov kev ncua deb mus txog 50 meters. Nyob rau ntawm qhov deb ntawm 10 m, ib tug 9 × 19 mm cartridge mos txwv, thaum ntaus ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm 90 degrees, pierced ib lub kaus mom hlau. Ib tug ntoo thuv 150 hli tuab tau tho los ntawm ib lub mos txwv ntawm qhov deb ntawm 50 meters. Ntawm qhov kev ncua deb no, qhov tseeb yog li 50 hli.

Ntxiv rau cov phom phom classic, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau tsim ntau yam ntawm lawv. Lub Luger cartridge (DWM 480 D) nrog linear tsis 9 × 19 yog tsim los rau firing ntawm lub Parabellum carbine. Lub carbine muaj ib tug elongated chim thiab ib tug ntoo Tshuag. Lub DWM 480 D muaj qhov ntev tib yam li DWM-480 C pistol cartridge, tab sis cov roj siab ntawm carbine cartridge yog 20% siab dua. Lawv tsis raug tso cai siv rau hauv Luger rab yaj phom. Cov mos txwv no tau pom qhov txawv ntawm cov cim. Ntxiv mus, lub carbine cartridge tau nrog lub tes tsho dub.

Ntim nrog cartridges 9x19 Luger
Ntim nrog cartridges 9x19 Luger

Kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb

Txij li xyoo 1910, Luger 9x19 cartridge tau dhau los ua dav dav hauv cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe, suav nrog Russia. Ua ntej Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws ntawm Tsov Rog, los ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim, tau tso cai rau cov tub ceev xwm Lavxias mus yuav rab yaj phom Parabellum ntawm lawv tus kheej, siv nws ua riam phom. Nws thiaj li hloov tus Nagant revolver.

Cov riam phom specifications

Standard cartridge specifications:

  • calibre 9 mm;
  • muzzle tshaj tawm los ntawm 410 txog 435 meters ib ob;
  • lengthcartridge 29.7 hli;
  • shells 19, 15 mm;
  • loaded cartridge hnyav los ntawm 7.2 mus rau 12.5 grams;
  • bullet hnyav ntawm 5.8 txog 10.2 grams.

Tam sim no, Luger 9 × 19 cartridge yog tsim los ntawm ntau lub teb chaws. Xws li lawv tau ua nyob rau hauv Russia. Hauv NATO lub teb chaws, nws yog qhov kev cai uas "Parabellum" hu ua mos txwv nyob, thiab lub npe "Luger" raug muab rau cov mos txwv npaj rau kev ua lag luam pej xeem.

Variants and modifications

Lub npe 9x19mm PARA tsuas yog hais txog daim duab geometry xwb. Ntau tshaj 2000 qhov kev hloov kho ntawm hom mos txwv no tau paub. Cartridge rooj yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau, tooj dag, bimetallic thiab yas versions. Cov mos txwv kuj muaj ntau haiv neeg, nrog rau cov yas. Ib lub mos txwv rau kev siv dav dav muaj ib lub tsho loj uas hnyav 7.5 txog 8 grams. Bimetal los yog steel sheath clad nrog tampak (bimetal plating, feem ntau muaj tooj liab).

Cov mos txwv chambered rau 9 × 19 "Luger" yog tsim los ntawm ntau yam duab, nrog rau ntau yam khoom siv. Cov mos txwv yog siv los daws cov teeb meem txawv txawv heev. Yog li, 9 × 19 mm tub ceev xwm mos txwv ua nyob rau hauv Finland yog ib lub zais zis, khoob hauv. Tau ntaus ib tug neeg, mos txwv yog tsoo, ntaus lub hom phiaj nrog ib tug mob hnyav, tsis ua mob rau lub cev.

Muaj lwm qhov kev hloov kho ntawm 9 × 19 mm cartridges, tsom rau kev lees paub ntaus lub hom phiaj nyob. Yog li, armor-piercing mos txwv, nyob rau hauv uas cov tub ntxhais yog hardened steel thiab nws yog ua zoo li ib tug ntsia hlau,Tsis tsuas yog tho lub tsho tiv thaiv phom, tab sis kuj ntsia hlau rau hauv nws, nkag mus tob heev.

Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm 9 × 19 cartridges raws li lawv cov kev faib tawm. Feem ntau lawv txawv raws li qhov ntsuas lub zog muzzle.

Nyob hauv khw European, 450 joules yog tus qauv nyeem ntawv. Cartridges ntawm 550 joules thiab saum toj no yog cais raws li muaj zog, tsim los pab cov tub rog. Cartridges nrog muzzle zog qis dua 400 joules yog cov mos txwv tsis muaj zog, uas yog siv tshwj xeeb. cov haujlwm.

Nyob hauv Asmeskas kev lag luam, 300-400 joules yog suav tias yog tus qauv muzzle zog. Cov mos txwv no raug xaiv 9 × 19 "Luger". Tib daim cartridges uas muab lub zog siab dua 450 joules raug cais raws li cov mos txwv tshwj xeeb. Xaiv lawv 9 × 19 "Parabellum".

German tshuab MP 40 chambered rau 9x19 Luger
German tshuab MP 40 chambered rau 9x19 Luger

History of a patron in World War II

Lub 9x19 Luger cartridge tau siv los ntawm txhua lub tebchaws sib ntaus sib tua hauv Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II.

Ib txwm, nws tau nquag siv los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nws yog lub hauv paus cartridge ntawm MP-18, MP-28, MP-34, MP-35, MP-38, MP-40 submachine guns.

Kev tsis muaj cov hlau lead hauv cov chaw tsim khoom hauv lub tebchaws Yelemes, lawv pib ua cov tub ntxhais hlau, tsuas yog sheathed nrog txhuas. Cov mos txwv muaj lub tsho dub. Thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog, lawv pib tsim ib lub tsho tsis muaj cov mos txwv version, nws cov xim yog grey tsaus. Nws tau txais los ntawm sintering hlau hmoov ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau hauv cov khoom siv.

Lub Tebchaws Yelemees kuj tau tsim tshwj xeeb 9x19 cartridges, uas yog:

- Beschusspatrone 08 - nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov hmoov phom, thiab nws lub zog yog 75% ntau dua.

- Kampfstoffpatrone 08 - cov mos txwv raug tshuaj lom. SS units tau muab rau lawv txij li xyoo 1944. Cov mos txwv ntau npaum li cas ntawm hom no raug rho tawm tsis tau tsim.

- Nahpatrone 08 - tsim los rau riam phom ntsiag to. Cov hmoov nplej me me, tab sis cov mos txwv txawv ntawm tus qauv hnyav hauv txoj kev loj.

- Pistolenpatrone 08 fur Tropen - Hom no yog tsim los siv rau hauv huab cua sov. Nws muaj lub npog qhov ncauj tiv thaiv thermo-protective los tiv thaiv cov hmoov los ntawm cua sov.

- Sprengpatrone 08 - lub foob pob tawg, lub pob azoimide tau nias rau hauv cov mos txwv.

Yarygin rab yaj phom, chambered rau 9x19
Yarygin rab yaj phom, chambered rau 9x19

Luger cartridges hauv niaj hnub Russia

Daim cartridge 9 × 19 tau pom daim ntawv thov hauv cov tub rog Lavxias niaj hnub no. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2003, cov tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm tau txais rab yaj phom tshiab los hloov cov PMs uas tsis siv lawm:

- 9mm PY rab yaj phom (Yarygin pistol) chambered rau 9 × 19.

- 9 mm rab yaj phom GSh-18 rab yaj phom (Gryazev thiab Shipunov). Tsim rau 9 × 19 rab yaj phom cartridge. Cov mos txwv rau rab phom ntawm peb tus kheej tsim.

Vepr-Luger carbine chambered rau 9x19 mm
Vepr-Luger carbine chambered rau 9x19 mm

Russian carbines

Lavxias teb sab manufacturers tsim tsuas yog ib qho carbine chambered rau 9x19 "Luger". Nws yog hu ua "Vepr-Luger", lub Hoobkas GDP Performance index yog 132. Cov riam phom no yog tsim los ntawm Vyatka cog "Roj".

Los ntawm lub ntiaj teb nto moo carbine"Luger" domestic txawv nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua yam. Los ntawm tus qauv, nws tau txais tsuas yog lub bolt lub thawv. Tsis muaj venting mechanism. Lub chamber yog reloaded thiab sib sau ua ke los ntawm ib qho yooj yim viav vias ntsia liaj qhov rooj. Lub chim ntev ncav cuag 420 mm.

Raws li cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog cov carbine, "Vepr-Luger" yog npaj rau kev yos hav zoov ntawm luv luv. Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog me me predators thiab nas. Cov chaw tsim khoom pom zoo kom muab cov carbine nrog 9 × 19 Luger cartridges, uas yog tsim los ntawm Barnaul Ammunition Plant. Cov mos txwv ntawm qhov deb ntawm 25 m muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm 85 hli. Lub cartridge siab yog 2350 bar. Cov mos txwv hnyav 9.4 g. Muzzle tshaj tawm 325 meters ib ob.

Txawm li cas los xij, Novosibirsk Cartridge Cog, uas tsim cov cartridges zoo sib xws, muaj qhov sib txawv me me: tsuas yog 32 hli ntawm qhov deb ntawm 25 m.

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