Lub npe nrov tshaj plaws ntawm ntau yam riam phom me yog Kalashnikov phom phom. Ntau yam kev tsov kev rog thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua tsis dhau mus yam tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm cov khoom ntawm Lavxias teb sab designer. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, lub tshuab tau siv rau yuav luag txhua lub tebchaws. Ntxiv rau AK, American M16 tsis siv neeg phom loj kuj tau hais ntau zaus, uas, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, tsis ncaj ncees, vim tias muaj lwm yam phom sij zoo sib xws. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog Belgian FN FAL phom. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, nws yog lub phom phom no, thiab tsis yog M16, uas nyob rau xyoo pua 20th tau sib tw nrog cov lus dab neeg AK. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim, cuab yeej, kev hloov kho thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm FN FAL rab phom tsis siv neeg tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus no.
Pib pib ua haujlwm ntawm Belgian riam phom
Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, cov tub rog ntawm ntau lub tebchaws tau lees paub qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov riam phom tsis siv neeg. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm tom qab tsov rog, intensive rearmament pib nyob rau hauv cov tub rog, txij li thaum submachine phom tsis muaj lawm.sib raug rau cov kev xav tau ntawm cov tub rog units. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias cov phom tsis siv neeg yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov tsis muaj tseeb thaum tua tawg thiab txwv cov mos txwv. Txwv tsis pub, rab phom yuav hnyav dhau thiab tsis xis nyob nqa. Cov Germans daws qhov teeb meem no nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim intermediate cartridge. Lub zog ntawm cov mos txwv no thiab qhov ntev yog ntau dua li rab phom, tab sis tsawg dua rab phom.
Tsis ntev lub tswv yim los siv cov chav kawm zoo sib xws ntawm cov cartridges tau txais los ntawm cov kws tua phom hauv lwm lub xeev. Belgium tseem tsis tau sawv ib sab. Xyoo 1946, cov neeg tsim qauv ntawm lub tuam txhab Belgian FN Herstal hauv nroog Erstal tau pib tsim ib rab phom tsis siv neeg tshiab, uas nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm riam phom los ua lub npe hu ua FN FAL submachine phom.
About Design
Kev tsim phom FN FAL tau ua raws li kev coj noj coj ua ntawm tus kws tshaj lij Dieudonné Seva thiab Ernest Vervier. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev ua haujlwm tseem tab tom ua rau lwm txoj hauv kev uas tuaj yeem nruab nrog German intermediate cartridge 7.92 los ntawm 33 mm thiab cov qauv phom phom phom. Lawv kuj tau tsim ib rab phom tshiab chambered rau English cartridge 7 x 43 mm. Nyob rau hauv 1949 lub thib peb version twb npaj txhij. Ib xyoos tom qab, cov riam phom raug sim hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Qhov zoo ntawm cov riam phom Belgian tau lees paub los ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas, tab sis lub tswv yim nrog cov cartridge nruab nrab tau tsis lees paub. Hloov chaw, cov neeg tua phom Asmeskas tau muab lawv tus kheej txoj kev loj hlob - T65 mos txwv. Niaj hnub no, daim cartridge no nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kev qhia tau teev tseg raws li 7, 62 x 51 mm NATO qauv.
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij,muaj qhov kev xav tias tsis raug cai ntawm NATO cov tswvcuab lub tebchaws thiab Tebchaws Meskas muaj kev pom zoo raws li cov Europeans yuav cov mos txwv Asmeskas, thiab rov qab los lawv tau txais lub Belgian FN FAL. Seb qhov no puas yog qhov tseeb tsis paub. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj qhov kev pom zoo no, Tebchaws Meskas tsis ua raws li nws cov lus cog tseg, txij li xyoo 1957 cov tub rog Asmeskas tau txais M14 phom.
Result
FN FAL riam phom ua haujlwm tau ua tiav xyoo 1953. Cov phom phom loj tau npaj txhij rau kev tsim khoom loj. Thawj lub xeev tau txais FN FAL phom loj hauv xyoo 1955 yog Canada. Nyob ntawd, riam phom tau teev tseg raws li C1. Hauv Belgium, cov tub rog tau txais cov qauv phom loj no hauv xyoo 1956. Ib xyoos tom qab, FN FAL phom raug xa mus rau Askiv. Nyob ntawd, Belgian-ua riam phom tau teev npe L1 SLR. Rifles hauv Austria txij li xyoo 1958. Nyob ntawd lawv tau hloov npe hu ua Sturmgewehr 58.
Ua raws li NATO cov qauv, FN FAL riam phom muaj lub ntsej muag nres thiab siv cov phom phom phom loj.
Kev piav qhia
Cov phom Belgian muaj cov hauv qab no tseem ceeb:
- Barrel thiab receiver.
- Shutter.
- Tig.
- Vapor tube uas muaj cov roj piston.
- Reload handle.
- App.
- Khoom.
Cov khoom lag luam muaj lub hauv pliaj thiab pob tw. Muaj ob lub puab tsaig nyob rau hauv lub forearm, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov roj qhov hluav taws xob raj kaw nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej. Tus qauv tsim ntawm cov phom no yog ua raws li tus qauv tawg, uas yog, lub receiver thiab trigger txuas nrog.ntawm ib lub pob khawm. Cov phom loj classic yog nruab nrog tus nqa tshwj xeeb.
Los ntawm 1964 txog 1965 fittings yog ua los ntawm ntoo. Tom qab ntawd, yas tau siv los ua cov khoom siv, ua cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim dua thiab pheej yig dua. Cov piv txwv tom qab pib tau nruab nrog Weaver thiab Picatinny rails.
Device
Lub phom FN FAL siv qhov kev tshem tawm cov hmoov av nrog lub zog luv luv ntawm cov pa roj piston saum toj no. Cov phom SVT-40 thiab SAFN-49 muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws. Gas piston yog nruab nrog nws tus kheej rov qab caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Lub chamber roj kuj tau muab tso rau saum lub thoob. Ua tsaug rau tus tswj hwm tsim rau hauv nws, tus tua neeg muaj lub sijhawm los tswj nws tus kheej ntawm kev txav ntawm cov hmoov av los ntawm kev qhib tshwj xeeb, nyob ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Yog siv phom grenades, kev khiav tawm ntawm cov roj tuaj yeem raug thaiv tag nrho. Ua li no, nws yog txaus los kaw lub qhov nyob rau hauv lub chamber los ntawm uas gases khiav mus rau hauv cov huab cua. Lub chim channel yog xauv nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug longitudinally zawv zawg ntsia liaj qhov rooj, uas, warping vertically, hloov down thiab yog tsau los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb ledge nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub receiver.
Lub nraub qaum ntawm tus ncej tau nruab nrog inclined protrusions, uas muab rau raising lub shutter, yog li ntawd, qhib lub chim channel. Qhov chaw ntawm lub shutter yog ib tug loj shutter ncej. Tom qab txhua qhov kev txhaj tshuaj, nws raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov roj piston, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau compressionrov caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Hauv kev hloov kho, nws tau muab tso rau hauv lub pob tw. Nws ua rau lub bolt ncej nrog ib tug ntev nqaim shank. Xws li ib tug ntaus ntawv yog ib yam rau cov phom phom units, uas muab rau fixation ntawm pob tw. Yog hais tias lawv yog folding, ces lub hau ntawm lub receiver los ua qhov chaw ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Hauv qhov no, nws ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog tus ncej, uas tau hloov kho me ntsis rau lub hom phiaj no.
Lub tshuab xa rov qab tau teeb tsa hauv lub raj hlau. Nws yog sawv cev los ntawm ob lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav nrog sib txawv windings thiab nyob ze rau ib leeg. Ib tug kov rau reloading tau ntsia rau sab laug ntawm lub thawv. Nws txoj hauj lwm yog nqa lub shutter rov qab. Nws yog thawb rau pem hauv ntej los ntawm rov qab springs. Yog tias nws kaw tsis tiav, ces nws tsis tuaj yeem txav mus rau tom ntej los ntawm kev siv zog rau qhov no. Tom qab siv tag nrho cov mos txwv nyob rau hauv lub khw, lub shutter tseem qhib. Nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no, nws yog tuav los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb protrusion ntawm feeder nyob rau hauv lub tawb. Duab FN FAL nthuav tawm hauv kab lus.
USM
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, Belgian phom loj muaj cov txheej txheem yooj yim thiab txhim khu kev qha. Nws yog siv los ua tus qauv rau kev tsim cov qauv phom ntev tom qab. USM muab tso rau hauv ib chav tsev cais, uas muaj rab yaj phom tuav, lub pob tw phaj thiab lub tshuab nws tus kheej. Nrog kev pab los ntawm hinges, lub thaiv yog txuas nrog rau hauv qab ntawm lub receiver. Lub trigger-type trigger muaj ib lub ntsiab sib txawv thiab ib qho rotating trigger. Nws yog yoog rau ib leeg thiab tsis siv neeg tua hluav taws. NtawmTus kheej-timer tiv thaiv kev tua yog tias lub qhov rooj qhib. Nyob rau sab laug ntawm lub receiver muaj qhov chaw rau tus txhais lus hom.
About mos txwv khoom
Cov ntawv xov xwm uas tshem tau rau 20 thiab 30 puag ncig tau tsim los rau FN FAL phom phom. Lawv muab pub rau hauv lub chamber los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb pusher.
Clip ntawm 30 rounds muaj ob hom:
- kab ncaj nraim, uas yog tus qauv,
- nkhaus, zoo li lub horns ntawm Kalashnikov phom phom.
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij riam phom, koj tuaj yeem nruab L1A1 nrog Belgian tshuab rab phom magazine, tab sis tsis ua rau lwm tus. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias thaum lub sij hawm zus tau tej cov FN FAL, pem hauv ntej hooks ntawm lub clips yog stamped, thiab lawv yog me me. Hauv L1A1, cov ntiv taw tau tsim los ua cov khoom sib cais thiab loj dua. Muab qhov loj ntawm cov hooks no, grooves yog ua nyob rau hauv lub shafts ntawm lub khw txais khoom.
About sights
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, kev hloov pauv txawv ntawm FN FAL tau nruab nrog cov phiaj xwm sib txawv. Feem ntau cov qauv muaj lub diopter rear pom. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov pom pem hauv ntej yog ib txwm nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob roj. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv luam phom qub, qhov pom tau tsim los rau qhov deb ntawm 200-600 m. Yuav kom cov phom ntev siv tau ntau yam, cov neeg tsim khoom hauv Belgian tau nruab rau pem hauv ntej pom ntawm riam phom nrog lub teeb pom kev tshwj xeeb, uas yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm zoo. luminous teev.
Hais txog kev teeb tsa kho qhov muag
Optical (hnub, hmo ntuj, thermal thiab hluav taws xob) pommounted rau ntawm rab phom siv ib tug tshwj xeeb bracket uas, nyob rau hauv raws li tus qauv STANAG, ib tug ob-point txuas yog muab. Brackets yog tsim ua ke nrog lub receiver cover raws li ib tug unit. Txhawm rau muab cov phom phom nrog optics, nws yog qhov txaus rau tus tua kom rhuav tshem cov txheej txheem npog, thiab hauv nws qhov chaw muab cov khoom zoo sib xws, tab sis nrog lub bracket. Nyob rau hauv cov phom nrog folding pob tw, cov brackets raug xa mus rau lwm qhov kev taw qhia. Tsis tas li ntawd, Picatinny thiab Weaver rails yog siv rau mounting sights. Cov khoom no yog cov adapters tshwj xeeb.
Nyob rau hauv kev sib zog ua kom mounting optics yooj yim dua, cov tuam txhab lag luam phom tau raug tsim cov khoom siv txhuas txais cov npog nrog cov slats twb tau teeb tsa. Kev txiav txim los ntawm ntau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas, vim qhov kev tsim no, qhov siab ntawm qhov pom tau raug txo qis.
About specifications
Tus qauv muaj cov lus qhia hauv qab no:
- Txhua qhov ntev ntawm rab phom yog 109 cm, lub chim yog 53.3 cm.
- riam phom hnyav tsis tshaj 4.3 kg.
- Caliber FN FAL - 7, 62 mm.
- Kev tua yog nqa tawm nrog NATO-style cartridges 7, 62 x 51 mm.
- Lub thoob yog nruab nrog plaub sab tes xis phom.
- Tsis siv neeg tshem tawm lub thawv ntawv xov xwm tuav 20 thiab 30 puag ncig.
- Ib rab phom Belgian tuaj yeem tua 650 txog 700 txhaj tshuaj hauv ib feeb.
- Lub hom phiaj yog 650 m.
- Lub mos txwv txav mus rau lub hom phiaj nrog qhov pib nrawm ntawm 823 m / s.
- Lub phom yog nruab nrog tus qauv diopterpom.
Hais txog kev hloov kho
Cov phom Belgian (Fabkis fusil automatique leger) tau ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov qauv phom tshiab:
- FN FAL 50.00. Nws yog tus qauv phom nrog cov khoom tsis-folding.
- 50.64. Tus qauv muaj folding Tshuag.
- 50.63. Rifle chav tsev nrog ib tug shortened chim thiab ib tug folding hlau taub qab. Cov riam phom yog siv los ntawm cov tub rog dav hlau.
- 50.41. Cov phom phom no yog rab phom tshuab lub teeb nrog lub folding bipod, ib lub elongated thiab hnyav thoob.
- FN CAL. Nws yog suav tias yog thawj European phom phom siv 5.56 x 45 mm cartridges.
- Steyr Stg.58. Cov qauv zoo ib yam li 50.00 qauv, tab sis nrog kev hloov kho forearm thiab Tshuag. Lub teb chaws ntawm keeb kwm - Austria.
- IMBEL LAR. Cov riam phom yog tsim nyob rau hauv Brazil raws li ib tug Belgian phom.
- DSA-58OSW. Nws yog luv luv FN FAL. Muaj Picatinny rails los ntawm American tuam txhab DS Arms. Tsim tshwj xeeb rau tub ceev xwm. Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, niaj hnub no cov qauv no yog suav tias yog feem ntau ntawm Asmeskas kev lag luam riam phom.
- 1. Cov phom loj tau tsim los ntawm Canadian gunsmiths raws li FN FAL tsim. Nws txawv ntawm Belgian phom phom los ntawm kev hloov kho pob tw thiab pom.
Hais txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, rab phom muaj qhov raug siab ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm qhov deb mus txog 1 txhiab meters. Daim duab no pom tau tias txo qis yog tias tus neeg txhais lushluav taws los hloov los ntawm ib qho kev tua mus rau kev tua hluav taws. Lub siab lethality ntawm 7.62 x 51 mm NATO mos txwv kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Ib daim cartridge nrog lub mos txwv ruaj khov thiab hnyav. Tus tua yuav tsis ntshai tias vim yog kev sib cuag nrog nplooj lossis ceg ntoo, qhov projectile yuav hloov nws txoj kev ya mus. Kev txiav txim los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus ntaus lub hom phiaj hnav lub cev armor nrog xws li mos txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, lub tshuab Belgian clogs yooj yim.
Nyob hauv kaw
Cov phom phom Belgian FN FAL tau tsim nws tus kheej ua ib qho kev ntseeg siab thiab tsis muaj peev xwm me me. Vim li no, qhov muaj koob meej ntawm cov qauv no hauv ntiaj teb tau piav qhia. Cov phom tsis siv neeg yog loj-tsim nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Brazil txog niaj hnub no.
