Oligopsony - puas yog lo lus los ntawm phau ntawv kawm ntawm kev lag luam lossis kev lag luam tiag?

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lo lus "monopoly" yog paub rau txhua tus: tsuas muaj ib tus neeg muag khoom ntawm lub khw, thiab kev cai lij choj antimonopoly thiab tsoomfwv tshwj xeeb tau tawm tsam tawm tsam cov neeg tawm tsam. Rau tus neeg uas tsis txuas nrog txoj haujlwm ntawm tus neeg lag luam lossis tus kws tshaj lij, nws yuav zoo li tias tsuas muaj kev sib tw noj qab haus huv hauv khw, tab sis qhov no tsis yog li ntawd.

Yam kev lag luam

Muaj ntau lwm yam kev lag luam nruab nrab ntawm kev ua lag luam ib yam li kev ua lag luam paub zoo. Nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom thiab cov muag khoom, lawv tau muab faib ua cov subspecies hauv qab no:

• oligopoly thiab monopoly ntawm ntau yam;
• polypoly;
• monopsony;
• oligopsony.

Cia peb nyob ntawm oligopsony thiab xav txog cov piv txwv tshwj xeeb ntawm kev lag luam kev sib raug zoo.

Nyob hauv kev lag luam

Oligopsony hauv kev lag luam yog lub xeev ntawm kev ua lag luam thaum ntau tus neeg yuav khoom tuaj yeem yuav khoom los ntawm ntau tus neeg muag khoom. Nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb yog lub zog ua lag luam zoo ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom, suav nrog tus nqi ntawm cov khoom.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm oligopsony yog oligopoly, qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua lag luam yog qhov tsis sib xws. Ntau tus neeg yuav khoom muajkev thov rau cov khoom ntawm ntau tus neeg muag khoom.

Kev lag luam hauv Lavxias tuaj yeem suav tias yog oligopolistic. Yuav luag txhua pawg ntawm cov pej xeem muaj kev thov rau cov kev pabcuam ntawm cov neeg siv xov tooj, tab sis tsuas yog plaub lub tuam txhab hauv Russia muab rau lawv, yog tias peb tham txog cov kev pabcuam hauv lub tebchaws. Tsis suav nrog cov tuam txhab hauv cheeb tsam, cov neeg Lavxias tuaj yeem yuav daim npav SIM los ntawm plaub tus neeg muag khoom xws li MTS, Beeline, Megafon thiab Tele2.

Txhua yam kev lag luam no yog qhov nkag siab zoo rau tus nqi thiab cov tswv yim lag luam. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm oligopsony zoo li underestimate tus nqi. Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem no tau mus dhau qhov txwv tsis pub muaj.

Piv txwv ntawm oligopsony

Cia peb piav lo lus nyuaj no hauv cov lus yooj yim thiab piv txwv. Thaum muaj ob lub lag luam hauv nroog tab tom nrhiav ib tus neeg ua haujlwm rau txoj haujlwm ntawm tus thawj coj nyiaj txiag, qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim yog oligopsony.

Muaj ntau tus neeg sib tw rau txoj haujlwm nrog cov nyiaj hli zoo, uas yog, cov muag khoom ntawm lawv cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tsuas muaj ob tug neeg yuav khoom npaj yuav tib neeg.

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev lag luam oligopsony yog kev lag luam tub rog tsim khoom. Ntau lub teb chaws loj tsim khoom siv tub rog. Txawm li cas los xij, tib lub sijhawm, tsis muaj ntau lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb xav tau cov khoom zoo li no raws li cov qauv rau kev rov qab los ntawm cov tub rog hauv tebchaws. Hauv qhov no, ntau tus neeg muag khoom yog cov chaw tsim khoom, thiab tsuas yog qee lub tseemfwv hauv ntiaj teb ua raws li cov neeg yuav khoom.

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm oligopsony tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov teeb tsacov neeg tsim khoom ua liaj ua teb thiab cov lag luam rau kev ua cov khoom siv raw. Hauv cheeb tsam X, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov pej xeem yog koom nrog kev yug nyuj, thiab yog li ntawd cov neeg nyob hauv muag cov mis nyuj rau cov neeg yuav khoom ntawm ob lub chaw tsim khoom hauv zos. Yog li, muaj kaum lossis ntau pua tus neeg muag khoom ntawm cov khoom, thiab tsuas yog ob peb tus neeg yuav khoom. Ntawd yog, nws yog oligopsony.

Nyob rau hauv kev ua kis las, lub tswv yim no muaj nyob ntawm txhua qhov tig. Piv txwv li, kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kws ncaws pob ncaws pob thiab ntau lub koom haum. Ntawd yog, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, oligopsony yog ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov ua tau zoo players nrog ib tug tsawg tus naj npawb ntawm qhov chaw uas lawv muaj peev xwm ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej.

qhov xwm txheej hauv tebchaws Russia

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm oligopsony hauv Russia yog cov tuam txhab tsim tsheb rau kev lag luam chaw. Xws li cov khoom yog tsim los ntawm tsuas yog peb lub tuam txhab nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Federation, txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv, cov tshuab, lub cev thiab lub cav yog tsim los ntawm ntau tus neeg muag khoom.

Ib yam tuaj yeem hais txog kev lag luam chaw thoob ntiaj teb tag nrho. Qhov xav tau rau cov tsheb thauj neeg, nkoj thauj khoom thiab lwm lub dav hlau muaj nyob hauv qee lub tebchaws. Cov neeg yuav khoom ntawm no yog tsim los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Tuam Tshoj, Russia, nrog rau cov xeev uas npaj yuav xa nkoj mus rau qhov chaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ntau lub tuam txhab thoob ntiaj teb tau koom nrog kev tsim khoom.

Tsis tas li, ib qho piv txwv ntawm oligopsony yog kev lag luam ntawm cov khw muag khoom noj. Txog 10 lub khw muag khoom hauv tebchaws Russia (Pyaterochka, Dixy, Perekrestok, Okay,Victoria, Auchan, Metro) thiab ntau tus neeg muag khoom.

Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, oligopsony yog ob peb lub khw muag khoom nrog lawv cov khw muag khoom noj khoom haus ua cov neeg yuav khoom, thiab cov neeg muag khoom yog ntau tus neeg muag khoom.

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AfrikaansAlbanianArabicArmenianAzerbaijaniBasqueBelarusianBengaliBosnianBulgarianCatalanCebuanoChichewaChinese (Simplified)Chinese (Traditional)CroatianCzechDanishDutchEnglishEsperantoEstonianFilipinoFinnishFrenchGalicianGeorgianGermanGreekGujaratiHaitian CreoleHausaHebrewHindiHmongHungarianIcelandicIgboIndonesianIrishItalianJapaneseJavaneseKannadaKazakhKhmerKoreanLaoLatinLatvianLithuanianMacedonianMalagasyMalayMalayalamM alteseMaoriMarathiMongolianMyanmar(Burmese)NpaliNorwegianPersianPolishPortuguesePunjabiRomanianRussianSerbianSesothoSinhalaSlovakSlovenianSomaliSpanishSundaneseSwahiliSwedishTajikTamilTeluguThaiTurkishUkrainianUrduubUzedulekVTajikWedish

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