Cov kab npaws uas lom tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb: cov neeg sawv cev thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:07

Xwm xav tsis thoob nrog ntau tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj thiab tsiaj txhu, tsis yog txhua tus ntawm lawv yog phooj ywg rau tib neeg. Thiab cov rooj sib tham nrog cov tib neeg tuaj yeem xaus qhov xwm txheej - nyob hauv tsev kho mob ntev lossis txawm tuag. Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom no yog cov kab npaws uas muaj kuab lom hauv ntiaj teb, peb yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv dav dav thiab cov lus piav qhia ntawm hom phom sij tshaj plaws.

Cov yam ntxwv dav dav

Lo lus "scorpion" muaj keeb kwm Greek thaum ub, nyob rau hauv Ancient Russia lawv hu ua "scorpion" - tiag tiag "na". Vim li cas? Yog vim li cas thiaj meej - kev hem neeg tuag.

Nyob rau hauv lub taxonomy ntawm cov tsiaj ntiaj teb no, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov fauna muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm terrestrial arthropods. Qhov chaw ntawm ntuj nyob yog cov teb chaws uas muaj huab cua kub, tab sis cov tib neeg, txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv tsos thiab tus cwj pwm, muaj peev xwm pom nyob rau hauv lwm lub latitudes raws li twb muaj tsiaj.

Npauj npaim uas lom tshaj plaws hauv lub ntiaj teb yog tus huab tais scorpion, uas ua rau nws zoo siab nrog nws qhov loj me, tus neeg laus ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm 20 cm. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tiasNiaj hnub no, cov kws tshawb fawb suav txog 1750 hom, tab sis tsuas yog 50 hom muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg, qee qhov yuav tau tham hauv qab no.

Lub tshuab tshuaj tua kab npaws ua haujlwm li cas?

Txhua tus kab laug sab uas muaj tshuaj lom tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb thiab lwm tus, cov tib neeg tsis tshua muaj kev phom sij, muaj tib lub cuab yeej tshuaj lom uas muaj nyob hauv lub npe hu ua "tus Tsov tus tw". Ntawm no yog telson (qhov quav lobe). Nws xaus nrog rab koob, thiab sab hauv yog oval-puab qog uas muaj tshuaj lom.

Sab nraud, cov qog yog nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm cov leeg nqaij fiber ntau, thaum lub sij hawm contraction ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg tso tawm. Thaum kawg ntawm rab koob muaj ob lub qhov uas cov tshuaj lom raug rau cov yeeb ncuab. Ntxiv mus, scorpions muaj qhov sib txawv koob, qhov sib txawv thiab cov duab ntawm telsons.

Scorpion venom muaj cov co toxins ua kom nrawm, feem ntau yog sib xyaw ntawm neurotoxins thiab enzyme inhibitors. Cov kev xav ntawm ib tug tom zoo ib yam li cov neeg uas xav tias thaum ib tug Wasp los yog ib tug muv stings. Hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj tshaj plaws, convulsions, ua tsis taus pa luv, thiab o ntawm txoj hlab pas tshwm sim. Kev sib ntsib nrog scorpion tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Hmoov zoo, qhov no tsis tshwm sim ntau zaus.

Parabuthus transvaalicus - cua daj cua dub ntawm tag nrho lub neej

Lub ntiaj teb cov kab txaij venomous tshaj plaws, saum toj kawg nkaus hauv cov npe, yog Parabuthus transvaalicus. Nws nyob hauv South Africa, pom tau yooj yim los ntawm nws cov tuab ntev ntev dub. Nws cov claws tsis loj heev, thiab qhov no yog lwm lub teeb liab rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi nyob deb.

Tus tsiaj zoo li no tsis tas yuav siv tus pincers,vim nws ntaus nws cov neeg raug tsim txom nrog cov tshuaj lom muaj zog heev (piv rau cyanide). Lwm qhov tseeb tseem ceeb yog tias cov kab laug sab no tuaj yeem "xav" cov tshuaj lom ntawm qhov deb txog li 1 meter.

Siv ob hom tshuaj lom hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Thawj hom yuav tsum tau siv tsawg dua los tsim, nws yog siv rau cov tsiaj me me thiab ua cov cuab yeej ceeb toom. Hom thib ob yog tshuaj lom ntau dua, muab pov tseg kom cawm tau tus kheej txoj sia lossis swb cov tsiaj loj.

Thunderstorm of Arizona - Centruroides exilicauda

Npaj kab npaws kuj muaj nyob rau North America, qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws yog cov neeg nyob hauv cov suab puam Arizona, nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm California thiab Utah. Nws thawj riam phom yog tib yam neurotoxic venom li arthropod npe saum toj no.

Tus venom ntawm Arizona ntoo scorpion yog muab piv los ntawm cov neeg muaj txoj sia nyob mus rau hluav taws xob poob siab. Thawj convulsions, ces loog, malfunctions ntawm lub plab hnyuv ib ntsuj av. Tus neeg tuag hauv Mexico yog siab li 25% (ib ntawm plaub tus neeg raug lom).

Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov tshwm sim nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg raug tsim txom thiab lub xeev kev noj qab haus huv. Cov kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas tau tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob; hauv Arizona, lawv tau ua tiav tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm "kev sib ntsib" txaus ntshai rau ntau tshaj 40 xyoo.

Androctonus australis - Australian daj

Teb cov lus nug ntawm dab tsi yog kab laug sab lom tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb rau cov txiv neej, cov kws tshawb fawb hu ua Androctonus australis. Thawj lo lus yog txhais los ntawm Latin li "killer of men." Nws thawj qhov chaw nyob yogAustralian teb chaws, hnub no koj tuaj yeem ntsib qhov tsis txaus siab "tus neeg ncig tebchaws" nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia thiab North Africa.

Lub ntsiab ntawm cov tshuaj lom yog neurotoxin, nws tam sim ntawd cuam tshuam rau hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb. Qhov no ua rau inhibition ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntsws ua pa, tom qab ntawd ua rau nws tuag tes tuag taw, thiab thaum kawg tuag. Cov scorpions no muaj lub zog exoskeleton uas lawv tuaj yeem tiv taus cov suab puam nto moo yam tsis tau nkaum hauv cov xuab zeb.

Androctonus crassicauda yog qhov txaus ntshai Middle East cov neeg nyob ze

Scorpion yog ib yam tsiaj muaj tshuaj lom uas zam tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab tuaj yeem pom ntawm txhua lub tebchaws. Hauv Saudi Arabia, Qaib ntxhw thiab Iran, piv txwv li, Arabian rog-tailed scorpion yog qhov ntau tshaj.

Nws yog qhov nruab nrab, nyiam ua rau cov nas me me, kab laug sab, lizards thiab kab. Nws cov tshuaj lom yog tshuaj lom, dua li tus kab laug sab no muaj qhov hnyav heev.

Tityus serrulatus - ceev faj ntawm lub rooj sib tham

Parabuthus transvaalicus yog kab laug sab venomous tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, tab sis nws muaj nws tus kheej sib tw hauv South America thiab Brazil tshwj xeeb. Nws tsis zoo li nws tus tij laug, muaj qhov me me, lub teeb daj xim ntawm claws thiab tus Tsov tus tw.

Tab sis cov nyhuv ntawm Tityus serrulatus co toxins ntawm tib neeg lub cev tsis muaj tsawg txaus ntshai, intoxication sai sai kis thoob plaws lub cev. Ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov tshuaj lom yog hyperesthesia - lub cev ua rhiab heev, cov tsos mob tshwm sim ntawm qhov me ntsis kov. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav dua, kev lom lom nrog nrogspasms ntawm gastrointestinal ib ntsuj av, ntuav, lub plawv system suffers. Txhua xyoo hauv Brazil muaj coob tus neeg tuag los ntawm kev ntsib nrog ib tug me me, inconspicuous killer.

Daim ntawv teev cov kab npaws lom tuaj yeem mus ntxiv, tab sis nws yog qhov zoo dua kom tsis txhob ntsib cov neeg sawv cev phem ntawm cov tsiaj qus. Thiab lawv qhov tsos, lub neej, tus cwj pwm los kawm nrog kev pab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb thiab TV program.