Kalashnikov phom phom AKS-74u: yam ntxwv

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:06

Nyob rau xyoo 1970, raws li tus qauv AK-74 rab phom tua phom, cov neeg tsim riam phom tsim ib qho kev hloov tshiab tshiab - paub zoo AKS-74U. Qhov laj thawj uas ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm tus qauv zoo dua ntawm Kalashnikov rab phom phom yog qhov xav tau rau cov tub rog cov tub rog nyob rau hauv ib qho me me tab sis muaj peev xwm siv riam phom uas muaj peev xwm ntaus lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov deb tsawg kawg 200 meters. Thawj qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim ua haujlwm yog Kalashnikov 74-U.

Pib ua haujlwm ntawm kev txhim kho

Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1970, cov thawj coj tub rog ntawm Soviet Union tau hais tawm lub siab xav muab cov tub rog nrog riam phom me me. Txij li cov qauv tshiab tau npaj rau kev siv loj, cov neeg tsim riam phom tau ua haujlwm nrog kev rov nruab dua ntawm tus nqi qis tshaj. Txhawm rau kom txuag tau nyiaj pej xeem thiab ua kom yooj yim cov txheej txheem, cov neeg tsim khoom txiav txim siab tsis tsim cov qauv tshiab, tab sis txhawm rau txhim kho AK-74 uas twb muaj lawm.

Dab tsipauv?

AKS-74U yog tus qauv 74th Kalashnikov phom phom nrog lub chim luv luv los ntawm ib nrab, rov tsim kho dua tshiab, pom qhov yooj yim thiab lub muzzle - tshwj xeeb tom qab cov pa roj, uas ua raws li lub chamber nthuav dav thiab nplaim taws ntes. Tus tsim ntawm lub niaj hnub compact riam phom tsis muaj tus nqi ntawm hluav taws retarder.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim ua haujlwm

Lub phom phom AKS-74U tau txo cov yam ntxwv sib ntaus sib tua piv rau nws tus khub. Tus qauv tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog armor nkag. Vim li no, nws tsis tau siv dav hauv cov tub rog, raws li qhov tau npaj tseg. Txawm li cas los xij, AKS-74U yog qhov xav tau hauv tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub rog tshwj xeeb, uas feem ntau ua lawv txoj haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua hauv nroog ib puag ncig, qhov uas tsis muaj kev cia siab rau cov ricoets yog qhov tsis xav tau.

Leej twg yog qhov kev hloov kho tshwj xeeb npaj rau?

Folding AKS-74U yog tsim los ua haujlwm rau cov tub rog thiab cov neeg coob ntawm cov dav hlau, cov neeg ua haujlwm phom thiab tsheb sib ntaus sib tua. Qhov loj me ntawm rab phom luv luv tau txais kev pom zoo los ntawm tub ceev xwm thiab chaw saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb.

Tsim kev paub hauv kev hloov lub phom ntev Kalashnikov rau hauv cov qauv me me xws li AKS-74U yog siv los tsim cov qauv tshiab ntawm cov riam phom camouflaged rau cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb. Lub tshuab no nrog nws cov compactness piv haum zoo nrog analogues. AKS-74U tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv ib tus neeg sawv cev tshwj xeeb thiab kho li ntawdtias nws kov yuav raug kho ntawm riam phom. Los ntawm nias ib lub pob, tus neeg sawv cev qhib, thiab cov riam phom zais, npaj rau kev tua, yog nyob rau hauv ob txhais tes. Qhov me me ntawm AKS-74U yog suav tias yog nws lub zog. Nws tuaj yeem sib npaug siv los ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm cov tub rog tshwj xeeb ntawm KGB lossis FSB los ua txoj haujlwm zais cia, nrog rau cov neeg ua phem.

Tactical thiab technical yam ntxwv

Cov riam phom muaj cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo hauv qab no (TTX):

AKS-74U muaj qhov ntev ntawm 735 mm.
ntsuas 490mm nrog Tshuag folded.
chim ntev - 210 mm.
Kev tua phom siab tshaj plaws - ntawm qhov deb txog li 400m.
Direct shot range - 360 m.
Tawm nrawm - 100/1 min.
Ib qhov hluav taws kub ceev - 40/1 min.
Rate of fire - 735 rounds per minute.
The cartridge AKS-74U muaj 5, 45x39 mm.
Cov ntawv xov xwm tsis siv neeg yog tsim rau 30 puag ncig.
Qhov hnyav ntawm AKS-74U yam tsis muaj mos txwv yog 2.71 kg.

Dab tsi yog qhov niaj hnub siv phom tua Kalashnikov muaj xws li?

Tus tsim ntawm AKS-74U muaj cov hauv qab no:

receiver nrog chim;
sighting device;
folding Tshuag;
pistol tuav;
receiver cover;
trigger mechanism;
nplaim ntes;
bolt ncej muaj roj piston;
shutter;
gas tube, uas muaj lub receiverhauv ob sab;
return mechanism;
handguard;
machine shop;
belt.

Lub tshuab yog dab tsi?

Txhua tus neeg tua hluav taws nruab nrog ib chav ntawm AKS-74U tau txais cov ntsiab lus ntxiv:

cas;
ramrod;
butter phaj;
screwdriver;
plaub phau ntawv xov xwm (ib qho muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab, peb ntxiv ib qho ntxiv rau hauv ib lub hnab tshwj xeeb);
sighting device.

Sights

Cov khoom no suav nrog:

1. Saib tom qab. Tus qauv tsim tso cai rau nws siv rau kev tua hauv ob txoj haujlwm:

"P" - ntawm qhov deb tsis tshaj 350 meters;
"5" - tua deb yog 350-500 meters.

2. Self-luminous nozzle. Tsim los rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm riam phom thaum hmo ntuj. Lub folding rear pom vim qhov dav dav yog mounted ntawm lub teb, qhov dav pem hauv ntej pom yog mounted rau pem hauv ntej pom ntawm lub tshuab. Tus kheej-luminous nozzle thaum siv riam phom nyob rau nruab hnub tsis raug tshem tawm, tab sis tau kho nyob rau hauv qis qis, tso cai rau tus neeg tua phom siv cov qauv pom yam tsis muaj teeb meem.

automation ua haujlwm li cas?

Cov riam phom ua haujlwm siv lub zog ntawm cov hmoov av, uas tau tawm ntawm lub chim channel. Thaum lub sij hawm txhaj tshuaj, gases, thawb tawm lub mos txwv, sau nyob rau hauv lub gas chamber los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov nyob rau hauv lub chim phab ntsa. Nyob ntawd lawv cuam tshuam nrog cov phab ntsa pem hauv ntej ntawm cov pa roj piston, ua rau nws txav mus. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub shutterlub bolt carrier yog txav mus rau qhov chaw tom qab. Lub shutter yog tsim los qhib lub chim channel, rho tawm cov ntaub ntawv cartridge los ntawm lub chamber thiab eject nws sab nraud. Vim lub bolt ncej, lub rov qab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog compressed thiab lub trigger yog teem rau cock tus kheej-timer. AKS-74U rov qab mechanism txav tus ncej thiab ntsia liaj qhov rooj ntawm lub nraub qaum mus rau pem hauv ntej txoj hauj lwm. Tom qab xa ib daim cartridge tshiab rau hauv lub chamber, lub bore raug kaw. Tus txhais tau txav mus rau txoj haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua.

Ambition for AKS-74U. Bullet specifications

Rau qhov luv luv Kalashnikov phom phom, cov mos txwv tau muab:

Ordinary, calibre 5, 45 mm. Hom mos txwv no ntaus tus yeeb ncuab lub zog, uas nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qhib lossis qab laj kab tsis muaj zog. Cov mos txwv muaj cov tub ntxhais hlau, lub plhaub (tombac txheej) thiab lub tsho hlau lead ntawm lawv.
Ntawm cov mos txwv. Cov mos txwv no ua peb txoj haujlwm:

ntaus yeeb ncuab manpower;
qhia lub hom phiaj (tsuas yog hmo ntuj);
raug tua.

Cov mos txwv Tracer muaj lub taub hau (muaj cov tub ntxhais hlau) thiab hauv qab (muaj cov ntawv xovxwm nias).

Lub AKS-74U cartridge muaj cov tub ntxhais hlau uas muaj cov hauv qab no nkag tau zoo:

ntawm qhov deb ntawm 500 meters, ib lub mos txwv AKS-74U tho ib daim hlau tuab 0.3 cm;
ntawm 210 m nws tho ib daim ntawv uas nws thickness yog 0.5 cm;
nrog 500m tuaj yeem tawg los ntawm lub kaus mom hlau (100% nkag);
ntawm 320 meters - ua puas lub cev armor(qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev nkag mus yog 50%);
ntawm 400 meters AKS-74U mos txwv pierces 200 mm tuab ntoo thuv;
ntawm 100 meters - ib lub mos txwv steel-core tau daig hauv brickwork ntawm qhov tob ntawm 8 cm;
thaum nws tsoo cov av cog qoob loo (parapet) ntawm 400 m, cov mos txwv tau daig ntawm qhov tob ntawm 20 cm.

Modernized AK-74 variants

AKS-74UN2 (hmo). Cov qauv no muaj, sib piv rau AKS-74U, ib qho tshwj xeeb bar tsim rau mounting hmo ntuj pom. Riam phom nruab nrog hmo ntuj universal modernized shooting pom (NSPUM) yog siv rau kev tua thaum hmo ntuj.
AKS-74UB (silent). Hauv kev tsim lub tshuab no, es tsis txhob siv lub tshuab tsis tu ncua, ib txoj xov tshwj xeeb yog siv, uas tso cai rau koj los txhim kho lub suab nrov ntawm lub thoob. Ntxiv rau PBS, AKS-74UB tau nruab nrog lub suab ntsiag to BS-1M underbarrel grenade launcher. Kev hloov kho tshiab tau hloov pauv cov qauv no ntawm Kalashnikov rab phom tua phom mus rau hauv qhov ntsiag to me me caj npab thiab grenade launcher system.

Izhevsk thiab Tula kev txhim kho

Hauv Izhevsk, cov kws tsim qauv V. M. Kalashnikov thiab A. E. Dragunov hloov AKS-74U rau hauv rab yaj phom - rab phom tshuab "Bizon - 2". Cov cuab yeej siv tes ua siv 9 hli Makarov rab yaj phom cartridges.
Nyob hauv lub nroog Tula, AKS-74U tau hloov pauv mus rau cov mos txwv 9 hli thiab hu ua "Tees".
Lub symbiosis ntawm BS-1 underbarrel grenade launcher ntawm 30 hli caliber thiab ntsiag to version ntawm AKS-74U yog rab phom-grenade launcher system“Canary”.

Ib yam rau nws cov analogue AKS-74U submachine phom "Veresk", tsim los ntawm Central Research Institute TOCHMASH. Cov phom submachine no tsis zoo rau cov phom tshuab hauv kev tua ntau yam (xws li 400 meters). Lub zog ntawm tus qauv yog lub peev xwm rau nruab collimator pom, nrog rau lub teeb thiab compactness, tshaj cov duab rau AKS-74U

Kev tsim ua haujlwm los txhim kho lub luv luv Kalashnikov rab phom phom tseem tab tom ua niaj hnub no.

Kev tu lub tshuab. Cov lus qhia ua haujlwm

Thaum tu riam phom, muab rau nws ua kom tiav thiab tsis tiav.

Kev tsis tiav ntawm AKS-74U yog ua tiav thaum ntxuav, lubrication thiab tshuaj xyuas txhua yam khoom thiab cov cuab yeej ntawm riam phom. Txhawm rau ua qhov txheej txheem no, koj xav tau:

cais cov ntawv xov xwm thiab kos lub chamber;
tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv ramrod-xov nrog cov khoom siv los ntawm lub hnab;
cais flash hider;
qhib txais;
cais rov qab mechanism;
cais tus nqa nqa nqa thiab ntsia liaj qhov rooj;
cais lub raj roj nrog lub tes tuav hauv nws.

Tom qab ua tiav cov kauj ruam no, kev tsis tiav disassembly suav tias ua tiav. AKS-74U tau sib sau ua ke hauv qhov kev txiav txim rov qab.

Ua tiav kev tshem tawm yog ua tiav yog tias lub tshuab ua haujlwm hnyav lossis xav tau kho. Yuav kom disassemble lub tshuab kom tiav, koj xav tau:

ib nrab disassemble;
dismantle the automatic magazine;
disassemble the return mechanism;
trigger mechanism;
shutter;
cais lub tes tuav lub tshuab.

Tom qab tshuaj xyuas thiab tu txhua qhov ntawm AKS-74U rov qab los.

Txhawm rau ntxuav riam phom los ntawm khawb, cov neeg tsim khoom muab cov roj phom tshwj xeeb thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav lub thoob (RCS). Nws yog ntshaw kom siv cov lubricants ntawm qhov kub tsis qis dua 5 degrees Celsius. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, nws raug nquahu kom siv lub caij ntuj no RFS, tom qab tshem tawm cov seem ntawm lub caij ntuj sov roj. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog lub rag. AKS-74U tuaj yeem khaws cia rau hauv ib lub tsev rau lub sijhawm ntev yog tias nws tau kho tag nrho nrog RFS thiab qhwv ua ntej hauv inhibited (ib txheej) thiab tom qab ntawd hauv daim ntawv paraffin.

AKS-74U tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm txhim kho cov phom tua phom classic Kalashnikov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev hloov kho tshiab tseem cuam tshuam rau tus qauv no: raws li nws lub hauv paus, "tsim" thiab "hmo ntuj" versions tau tsim, uas tau siv rau hauv cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb.