Ntawm keeb kwm thiab cov pejxeem ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria

Cov txheej txheem:

Ntawm keeb kwm thiab cov pejxeem ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria
Ntawm keeb kwm thiab cov pejxeem ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria

Video: Ntawm keeb kwm thiab cov pejxeem ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria

Video: Ntawm keeb kwm thiab cov pejxeem ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria
Video: 10 самых АТМОСФЕРНЫХ мест Дагестана. БОЛЬШОЙ ВЫПУСК #Дагестан #ПутешествиеПоДагестану 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Lub Tebchaws Caucasian North tau tsim nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sijhawm los ntawm keeb kwm thaj chaw ntawm cov neeg nyob sib ze ntawm Kabarda thiab Balkaria, raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ib tus neeg nyob ze zoo yog zoo dua li cov txheeb ze nyob deb. Txij li thaum Kabardians thiab Balkars tsis yog cov neeg sib raug zoo thiab lawv cov lus muaj nyob rau ntau hom lus. Cov pejxeem ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria tau maj mam loj hlob nyob rau peb lub xyoos dhau los, feem ntau yog vim kev loj hlob ntawm ntuj.

cov ntaub ntawv dav dav

roob roob
roob roob

Lub koom pheej nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Greater Caucasus, hauv nws qhov nruab nrab. Cov neeg nyob ze nrog cov cheeb tsam Lavxias xws li Stavropol Territory, Karachay-Cherkessia thiab North Ossetia-Alania, nyob rau sab qab teb nws ciam teb rau Georgia. Npog thaj tsam ntawm 12,500 sq. km.

Cov pej xeem ceev ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria yog 69.43 tus neeg/km2 (2018). Nws nyob qib 10 hauv qhov ntsuas no hauv Russia. Cov neeg nyob hauv feem ntau nyob hauv nroog (Nalchik, Baksan,Prokhladny), nyob rau hauv thaj chaw tiaj tus thiab toj roob hauv pes, hauv thaj chaw nyob siab tshaj 2500 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem, tsis muaj leej twg nyob.

Tsim tsa lub koom pheej

Ob tug neeg nyob sib ze, ntawm kev xav ntawm tsoomfwv Soviet, muaj thawj zaug hauv ib cheeb tsam autonomous (txij li xyoo 1922), thiab tom qab ntawd ua ib feem ntawm ib lub tebchaws ywj pheej (txij li xyoo 1936). Txawm tias "kev sib kis ntawm kev sib cais" tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm USSR tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lub koomhaum no.

Los ntawm 1944 txog 1957 lub tebchaws tau hu ua Kabardian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, vim tias cov Balkars raug xa mus rau Kazakhstan thiab Central Asia. Xyoo 1956-1957, qhov kev txiav txim siab tawm tsam lawv tau tshaj tawm tias tsis raug cai. Cov Balkars raug tso cai rov qab mus rau lawv lub tebchaws. Lub koom pheej rov los ua Kabardino-Balkaria, ob haiv neeg Caucasian rov pib ua tus thawj coj hauv lub tebchaws ntawm cov pejxeem.

Keeb kwm ntawm koom nrog Russia

roob hav
roob hav

Txawm tias keeb kwm ntawm kev koom nrog Russia yog txawv kiag li rau Kabardians thiab Balkars. Cov Kabardians tau tawm tsam rau lawv txoj kev ywj pheej los ntawm 1763 txog 1822. Thaum cov tub rog Lavxias nyob rau hauv cov lus txib ntawm General Yermolov thaum kawg tau nyob rau sab qaum teb Caucasus, raws li qee qhov kev kwv yees, cov pejxeem ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria poob ntawm 300 txog 30 txhiab tus neeg. Feem ntau tuag hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, ntau tus tuag los ntawm tus kab mob plague, lwm tus mus rau lwm thaj chaw ntawm Caucasus. Thaum kawg, feem ntau ntawm Kabarda tau suav nrog hauv tebchaws Russia xyoo 1825.

Cov Balkars tau los ua ib feem ntawm Russia xyoo 1827, tau ua ntawv thov los ntawm tag nrho lawv cov zej zog kom koom nrog lub teb chaws Ottoman, raug rau kev khaws cia ntawm kev lis kev cai qub, Muslimkev cai dab qhuas, chav kawm. Txij thaum ntawd los, amanats (neeg raug txim) los ntawm cov Balkar nobility nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab fortresses, ces muaj ntau ntawm lawv tau tawm tsam nyob rau hauv tsarist pab tub rog.

Pabneeg

cov vaj tse qub
cov vaj tse qub

Plaub xyoos tom qab tsim thaj chaw tswj hwm tus kheej hauv xyoo 1926, cov pejxeem ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria yog 204,006 tus neeg. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshiab ua ntej tsov rog xyoo 1931, 224,400 cov pej xeem nyob hauv tebchaws. Cov pej xeem tau pib nce ntau vim yog cov kws tshaj lij tuaj txog los ntawm lwm thaj tsam ntawm Soviet Union.

Lub sijhawm ua tsov rog xyoo, ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm cov koom pheej tau nyob los ntawm cov neeg German, ntau tus neeg nyob hauv tau tawm tsam hauv Tub Rog Liab. Thaum kawg ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, cov Balkars raug ntiab tawm. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj pes tsawg tus neeg nyob hauv Kabardino-Balkaria nyob rau hnub ntawd. Raws li thawj cov ntaub ntawv tom qab tsov rog xyoo 1959, 420,115 tus neeg tau sau npe hauv cheeb tsam. Raws li lub teb chaws muaj pes tsawg leeg, qhov loj tshaj plaws yog nyob rau hauv Kabardians - 45.29% ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm lub koom pheej, raws li los ntawm Russians - 38.7% thiab Balkars - 8.11%. Qhov kev hloov pauv hauv kev faib ua feem hauv lub tebchaws muaj kev sib txuas, thawj zaug, nrog kev lag luam, vim tias lub sijhawm ntawd muaj ntau tus kws tshaj lij Lavxias tuaj rau tebchaws, thiab thib ob, ntau Balkars tseem nyob hauv qhov chaw raug xa tawm.

Lezginka hauv Kabarda
Lezginka hauv Kabarda

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom qab Soviet, cov pej xeem ntawm koom pheej ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria loj hlob sai heev. Twb yog xyoo 1970, 588,203 tus neeg nyob hauv nws. Tus naj npawb ntawm inhabitants nce ob qho tib si vim ntuj nce thiabloj migratory influx. Nyob rau hauv lub post-Soviet lub sij hawm, qhov taw qhia mus txog nws qhov siab tshaj plaws tus nqi nyob rau hauv 2002. Tom qab ntawd, raws li kev suav pej xeem, cov pej xeem yog 901,494 tus neeg. Hauv cov xyoo tom ntej, txog 2015, cov pej xeem ntawm Kabardino-Balkaria feem ntau txo qis. Qhov no yog vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev lag luam hauv cheeb tsam. Cov neeg tawm mus ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub tebchaws. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv 2018, kwv yees li 865,828 tus neeg nyob hauv tebchaws. Lub teb chaws muaj pes tsawg leeg tau hloov me ntsis, cov pab pawg tseem ceeb tseem yog Kabardians, Russians thiab Balkars.

Pom zoo: