Soviet fashion designer Vera Aralova: biography, kev ua ub no thiab nthuav tseeb

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Soviet fashion designer Vera Aralova: biography, kev ua ub no thiab nthuav tseeb
Soviet fashion designer Vera Aralova: biography, kev ua ub no thiab nthuav tseeb

Video: Soviet fashion designer Vera Aralova: biography, kev ua ub no thiab nthuav tseeb

Video: Soviet fashion designer Vera Aralova: biography, kev ua ub no thiab nthuav tseeb
Video: Красная королева. Серия 4. The Red Queen. Episode 4 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Vera Ippolitovna Aralova - tus tsim qauv tsim, kos duab kos duab, tus neeg pleev kob thiab tus tsim qauv, yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Union of Artists ntawm lub USSR, koom nrog ntau yam exhibitions ntawm arts thiab crafts, painting, graphics thiab duab puab. Nws yog ib tug Honored Artist ntawm RSFSR. Nws cov duab tuaj yeem pom ob qho tib si hauv kev sau ntiag tug thiab hauv qee qhov chaw khaws cia.

Biography

Aralova Vera Ippolitovna yug hauv 1911 hauv Vinnitsa. Nws yog tus ntxhais ntawm ib tug neeg saib xyuas uas tau ua haujlwm hauv 1st Cavalry Army nyob rau hauv kev coj ntawm S. Budyonny. Nws xyaum tsis nco qab dab tsi txog yuav ua li cas tsev neeg dim ntawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1, cov xwm txheej tshwm sim xyoo 1917, thiab tom qab Tsov Rog Tsov Rog. Piv txwv li, nws niam nws txiv tau tsiv los ntawm Vinnitsa mus rau Moscow txawm tias ua ntej cov xwm txheej tragic, thiab nyob ntawd.

Thaum me nyuam yaus, Vera tau pom tias muaj peev xwm kos tau, yog li tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm nws twb paub tseeb tias nws yuav ua dab tsi. Tus ntxhais tau mus kawm hauv Moscow Fine Arts College, qhov twg cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo xws li E. N. Yakuba tau los ua nws tus kws qhia.thiab S. F. Nikolaev.

Aralova Vera: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?
Aralova Vera: koj puas xav tau ntau tus thwjtim?

Pib ua haujlwm

Xyoo 1930, Vera Aralova tau muab ua haujlwm ntawm Moscow Film Studio ua tus kws ua yeeb yam. Nyob ntawd nws tau koom nrog kev tsim ntawm kev ua yeeb yam tsis yog rau kev ua yeeb yam ntawm lub peev, tab sis kuj rau theem ntawm Simferopol, Tula thiab Kalinin. Aralova kuj yog tus sau sketches rau costumes thiab scenery rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm zoo-paub productions: Turgenev lub Ib Hlis nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, Ostrovsky qhov tseeb yog zoo, Tab sis kev zoo siab yog zoo dua, Solovyov lub Great Sovereign thiab lwm yam.

Ua haujlwm hauv kev ua yeeb yam, tus ntxhais yeej tsis hnov qab txog kev pleev xim - nws pleev xim rau toj roob hauv pes, portraits, tseem muaj sia nyob, thiab tseem koom nrog yuav luag txhua qhov kev nthuav qhia kos duab.

Vera Aralova fashion designer biography
Vera Aralova fashion designer biography

Lub neej ntiag tug

Nyob rau xyoo 1932, ib pab tub ntxhais hluas ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam tuaj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas mus rau Tebchaws Meskas, uas xav tsim lawv tus kheej ua yeeb yam ntawm no. Nws kuj suav nrog ib tug txiv neej hnub nyoog 22 xyoo hu ua Lloyd Patterson, uas kawm tiav ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ua yeeb yam hauv Asmeskas. Cov neeg txawv teb chaws tsis ua tiav lawv txoj kev npau suav, thiab tsis ntev lawv tau tawm mus tsev. Tsuas yog Patterson tseem nyob, uas zoo siab heev nrog kev txaus siab uas tsis tau muaj dua los uas tau kav hauv lub tebchaws. Nws tau raug caw los ua tus tshaj tawm xov tooj cua tshaj tawm txawv teb chaws, uas yog nyob rau hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Xov Xwm Sib Tham.

Lloyd Patterson ntsib Vera Aralova ntawm ib qho ntawm ntau lub tsev ua yeeb yam. Lawv tau sib yuav, thiab ib xyoos tom qab ntawd lawv muaj lawv tus menyuam thawj zaug - ib tug tub ntxim nyiam Jim, uas sai sai noyuav dhau los ua lub hnub qub screen tiag tiag, ua yeeb yam hauv zaj duab xis "Circus" (1936), thiab tom qab ntawd tus kws sau paj huam nto moo Soviet. Kev sib yuav ntawm Vera Aralova thiab Patterson tau zoo siab - ob tug tub ntxiv tau yug hauv lawv tsev neeg.

Vera Aralova zam designer
Vera Aralova zam designer

thawj qauv

Kuv yuav tsum hais tias tsev neeg lub neej thiab peb tus menyuam tsis tiv thaiv Aralova los ntawm kev ua nws xav tau - pleev xim thiab ua yeeb yam scenery. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws pib tsim sketches ntawm nws tus kheej qauv ntawm cov poj niam khau. Muab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub teeb kev lag luam ntawm Soviet Union, lawv yeej tsis mus rau hauv kev tsim khoom loj. Txawm li cas los, khau los ntawm Aralova nyob rau hauv unprecedented xav tau ntawm cov poj niam ntawm tsis tsuas yog ua yeeb yam duab, tab sis kuj muaj ntau Moscow tub ceev xwm. Raws li rau cov paintings, lawv tau muag tawm sai sai los ntawm Soviet thiab txawv teb chaws connoisseurs ntawm painting.

Thaum tsov rog pib, tag nrho tsev neeg tsuas yog Lloyd tau khiav tawm mus rau Siberia. Patterson tseem nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab thaum lub sij hawm ib tug ntawm cov yeeb ncuab raids nyob rau hauv lub nroog tau txais ib tug heev concussion, uas tsis ntev nws tuag. Thaum tsov rog xaus, Vera Aralova rov qab mus rau Moscow nrog nws cov menyuam. Xyoo 1948, nws tau los ua tus tsim qauv tsim qauv ntawm All-Union Model House.

Soviet zam designer Vera Aralova
Soviet zam designer Vera Aralova

Peb zam txawv teb chaws

Raws li koj paub, thaum lub sijhawm kav ntawm Stalin, Soviet zam qauv tsis raug tso cai rau txawv teb chaws, vim lawv suav tias yog neeg soj xyuas. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm tus thawj coj, twb nyob rau hauv Khrushchev, tsis tsim nyog tus neeg saib xyuas thiab nruj censorship raug txo qis, thiab domestic fashion qauv tswj musnkag mus rau daim ntaub hlau.

Ntawm thawj cov ntxhais uas tau mus ua yeeb yam txawv teb chaws yog Regina Kolesnikova. Qhov no 20-xyoo-laus kev zoo nkauj nyob rau hauv 1956 teeb nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm ntau bohemian tog. Tsis ntev nws yuav tau sib yuav Lev Zbarsky, tus muaj koob meej knight ntawm Moscow, tus tub ntawm tus kws kho mob nto moo uas embalmed lub cev ntawm Vladimir Ilyich Lenin nws tus kheej.

Raws li tus tsim qauv nto moo, Vera Aralova pab tsis tau tab sis pom tus ntxhais zoo li Regina. Nws muab nws txoj haujlwm ua tus qauv zam. Vera nrog nws cov qauv coj mus koom rau hauv International Clothing Contest, tuav hauv Warsaw, thiab tau txais ib qho khoom plig kub nyob rau ntawd. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias Aralova lub peev xwm thiab Zbarskaya qhov zoo nkauj tau tswj kom coj Soviet zam mus rau qib tshiab, siab dua, tab sis, hmoov tsis, tsis ntev.

Aralova Patterson Vera
Aralova Patterson Vera

"Russian" khau boots

Nws paub tias lub sijhawm ntawd nyob rau hauv Soviet Union lawv tsuas tsis paub yuav ua li cas ua khau zoo nkauj thiab elegant. Yog, nws muaj zog heev, tab sis npub thiab tsis paub. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-1950s, cov khau siab saum toj kawg nkaus pib tshwm hauv khw, tab sis lawv tsis xis nyob heev. Vera Aralova kuj xav tau cov khau zoo li no rau nws tus kheej, tab sis nws cov ceg me ntsis plump tsis xav nkag mus rau lawv, vim tias lub siab instep cuam tshuam. Nws yog thaum ntawd lub tswv yim ci ntsa iab los rau hauv nws lub siab: ua li cas yog tias peb xaws zipper rau hauv nws lub khau?!

Xyoo 1959, muaj ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim uas cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam khau. Qhov tseeb yog tias Fabkis thiab USSR tau pom zoo los tuav lub limtiam Lavxias zam hauv Paris. Soviet fashion designer Vera Aralova txiav txim siab nws tus kheejcoj cov khoom no mus rau Paris. Nyob rau ntawm qhov yeeb yam, Regina Zbarskaya tau pom lub tsho tiv no squirrel, thiab ntawm nws ob txhais ceg yog tawv tawv khau khiab nrog lub pob taws qis nrog ib qho zoo nkauj appliqué, nrog ib tug ntev bootleg thiab ib tug nab sewn rau hauv nws. Qhov nws pom tau ua rau qhov tsis tau pom dua! Cov neeg txawv teb chaws tam sim ntawd hu cov khau no "Lavxias teb sab" khau.

Hmoov tsis zoo, tsis muaj ib lub tuam txhab Soviet tau txais lawv cov tailoring. Lawv tau ua hauv kev cob qhia ntawm Bolshoi Theatre, thiab Aralova nws tus kheej them rau lawv. Tam sim ntawd, Fabkis khau manufacturers sib tw nrog ib leeg pib tig mus rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Soviet nrog ib qho kev thov - muag cov qauv ntawm cov khau txawv txawv, tab sis lawv tsis kam lees. Qhov tseeb yog tias lub sijhawm ntawd cov kev cai lij choj tau siv, raws li cov khoom xa tawm txawv teb chaws yuav tsum tau xa rov qab. Cov khau tshiab ntawm Soviet fashion designer Vera Aralova tau coj rov qab mus rau USSR, xa mus rau ib lub tsev rau khoom thiab tsis nco qab txog.

Vera Aralova biography
Vera Aralova biography

Ntiaj teb qhov tseeb

Txawm li cas los xij, hauv Tebchaws Europe, nws cov khau zoo nkauj tau nco qab zoo. Tsawg tshaj li ib xyoos tau dhau mus txij li txhua lub tuam txhab koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov khau pib lawv cov khoom loj. Tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union nws tsis yog kev cai rau patent lawv inventions, yog li cov Europeans nyiam sai sai tsis nco qab txog leej twg muaj lub tswv yim no. Ob xyoos tom qab, cov khau tuaj txawv teb chaws pib raug xa mus rau USSR, uas cov kab ntev tau nyob. Cov lus nug tsim nyog tshwm sim: Dab tsi yog cov chaw tsim khoom hauv tsev ua thaum lub sijhawm ntawd?

Lub caij ntuj no khau khiab nrog pob taws thiab nrog tus nab hauv USSR tau pibxaws tsuas yog 15 xyoo tom qab, thiab txawm tias tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev nyuaj siab los ntawm Soviet fashion designers thiab cov neeg sau xov xwm. Nyob rau hauv lawv ib tug yuav yooj yim paub lub heev "Lavxias teb sab" khau boots ntawm fashion designer Vera Aralova. Biography ntawm tus poj niam txawj ntse nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej yog tsis muaj kev vam meej. Peb feem coob tseem tsis tau paub tias Moscow yog qhov chaw yug ntawm cov khau zoo li no rau peb.

Aralova Vera Ippolitovna zam designer
Aralova Vera Ippolitovna zam designer

Lub neej nyob rau hauv exile

Maj mam, Vera Aralova, uas nws biography tau inextricably txuas nrog kev ua qauv rau ntau xyoo, pib raug caw mus ua yeeb yam qhia tsawg thiab tsawg. Tam sim no nws muaj sijhawm ntau los pleev xim. Thaum lub Soviet Union ploj mus los ntawm daim ntawv qhia ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, kev nom kev tswv thiab kev khwv nyiaj txiag chaos reigned nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub qub ib tug zoo lub teb chaws. Yog li ntawd, Aralova tus tub hlob Jim txiav txim siab tawm mus rau Tebchaws Meskas thiab coj nws niam mus rau Washington.

Nyob hauv tebchaws Amelikas, yav dhau los tus tsim qauv tsim qauv pib muag nws cov duab, tab sis cov nyiaj tau los rau lawv tsis txaus. Niam thiab tus tub paub sai sai tias nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas tsis zoo dua li nyob hauv lawv lub tebchaws. Tsis ntev ua ntej nws tuag, Aralova rov qab mus rau Russia. Nws tuag hauv 2001. Nws tus tub thib ob Tom faus nws niam hauv Moscow, ntawm Armenian toj ntxas. Nws lub ntxa nyob ib sab ntawm nws tus tub hlob, Lloyd, uas tau tuag rau hauv tsheb sib tsoo xyoo 1960.

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