Barn owl: piav qhia, chaw nyob, duab

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Barn owl: piav qhia, chaw nyob, duab
Barn owl: piav qhia, chaw nyob, duab

Video: Barn owl: piav qhia, chaw nyob, duab

Video: Barn owl: piav qhia, chaw nyob, duab
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Anonim

Tus owl barn yog paub zoo rau cov neeg nyob hauv Western European lub teb chaws, txawm li cas los xij, tsis tshua paub txog nws hauv Russia. Qhov no yog lub feem ntau ancient ceg ntawm owl xaj. Nws lub npe Latin suab zoo li Tyto alba, thiab lus Askiv - Barn owl. Cov neeg hu nws ua hmo ntuj plas, dab ntxwg nyoog thiab qw qw. Nws cov yam ntxwv txawv yog lub suab peculiar thiab lub taub hau zoo li. Leej twg yog tus npauj npaim no, thiab nws ua lub neej zoo li cas? Wb tham ntxiv nyob rau hauv kab lus no hais txog ib qho ntawm cov plas tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

barn owl
barn owl

Barn Owl Description

Lub npe ntawm tus noog no, pom meej, los ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm nws lub suab, nco txog ib hom snoring lossis vulture. Nws txawv ntawm lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm owls nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lub ntsej muag disk nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub plawv, thaum nws zoo li nws yog hnav ib daim npog qhov ncauj dawb. Cov noog me muaj lub teeb xim thiab lub ntsej muag peculiar. Nws yog hais txog qhov loj tib yam li ntev-eared owl lossis jackdaw. Nws ncav cuag 33-39 cm nyob rau hauv ntev, nws lub cev hnyav yog 300-355 g, thiab nws tisspan yog hais txog 90 cm. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws qhov hnyav tuaj yeem sib txawv thiab nyob ntawm tus kheej ntawm tus kheej. Nws tuaj yeem hnyav li 180g, thiab 700 g.

Nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm nws cov xim tau txais cov xuab zeb (liab) xim nrog cov xim dawb thiab tsaus nti. Lub barn owl yog dawb nyob rau hauv qis qis (tsis tshua muaj daj), ntxiv rau, tsaus blotches tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub plumage. Lub ntsej muag disc yog lub teeb thiab muaj ib tug flattened tsos, nws kuj tau txais ib tug ocher ciam teb, nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag muaj ib tug me me cheeb tsam ntawm cov plaub liab. Tis - fawn-dawb, nrog ib tug golden-striated qauv. Lub iris yog tsaus xim av los yog dub. Nws ob lub qhov muag qhia thiab loj. Nws muaj lub cev yuag, thiab nws kuj muaj cov paws ntev, uas muaj tuab thiab fluffy plumage rau cov ntiv tes. Nws muaj ib tug luv luv. Lub beak yog yellowish dawb. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov xim ntawm qhov qis yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub barn owl. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv North Africa, Western thiab yav qab teb Europe, nyob rau hauv Middle East nws yog dawb, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe nws yog daj-txiv kab ntxwv.

Yog poj niam los txiv neej, lawv xyaum tsis txawv ib leeg. Cov poj niam yog me ntsis darker, tab sis qhov no tsis yog heev pom. Cov me nyuam qaib kuj tsis txawv ntawm cov neeg laus, qee zaum lawv muaj xim ntau dua.

Raws li peb tau pom lawm, xws li ib tug noog zoo li ib tug barn owl muaj lub ntsej muag zoo nkauj heev, daim duab qhia meej meej rau peb.

barn owl
barn owl

Habitat

Muaj 35 hom kab ntawm barn owl, uas tau muab faib rau txhua lub teb chaws, tsis suav nrog Antarctica nkaus xwb, lawv kuj pom nyob rau hauv cov Islands tuaj. Yav dhau los, nws tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv B altic States thiab lwm lub tebchaws CIS: tam sim no nws nyob ntawd tsawg. Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Russia, nws tsuas yog pom nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Kaliningrad. Hauv European feemnws tsis muaj nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab roob kab.

Ntawm ib sab, lub barn owl tau yoog rau ntau thaj chaw, raws li nws tau faib yuav luag txhua qhov chaw, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tsis muaj peev xwm khaws cov roj cia rau hauv nws tus kheej, yog li nws tsis muaj peev xwm khaws cov roj cia hauv nws tus kheej. ua siab ntev rau huab cua hnyav. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb cheeb tsam ntawm lub tebchaws United States thiab nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm Canada, nyob rau hauv Northern Europe thiab yuav luag thoob plaws hauv Russia, vim li no, nws tsis yog. Cov noog kuj tsis tuaj yeem nyob hauv African thiab Asian suab puam.

Muaj qee qhov thaum lub tsev plas tau tsim los ntawm tib neeg hauv thaj chaw uas nws tsis tau muaj. Yog li, nws tau tshwm sim hauv Seychelles thiab Hawaiian Islands, hauv New Zealand. Tom qab lub barn owl tau nyob hauv Seychelles, cov pejxeem ntawm kestrel, uas nws noj, pib poob.

barn owl yees duab
barn owl yees duab

Chaw Nyob Zoo

Barn owl yuav luag ib txwm nyob ze tib neeg lub tsev. Nws yug los nyob rau hauv lub nroog loj thiab nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam nyob deb nroog. Nws nyiam nyob rau hauv attics, nyob rau hauv hollows thiab phab ntsa niches. Nyiam lub ru tsev thiab cov tsev tso tseg. Lub barn owl feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov tiaj tiaj uas muaj ob peb tsob ntoo. Nws tuaj yeem yog qhov chaw xws li hav zoov, swamps, tuab meadows, noog kuj nyob raws li qhov chaw pov tseg, cov dej ntws, ravines thiab txoj kev loj.

Nws tuaj yeem pom ntau qhov chaw ua liaj ua teb thiab thaj chaw tib neeg nyob. Barn owl sim zam cov hav zoov tuab thiab qhov chaw siab roob. Cov noog no xav tau cov xwm txheej hauv qab no txhawm rau kis:zaub mov muaj, tsis muaj lub caij ntuj no txias thiab kev sib tw tsis muaj zog nrog lwm cov tsiaj txhu. Feem ntau, lawv tsis hloov lawv qhov chaw nyob, qhov kev zam yog qhov xwm txheej thaum cov zaub mov hauv lawv qhov chaw tsis txaus.

Nws noj dab tsi?

nas zoo li nas yog nws cov zaub mov nyiam, thiab nws tuaj yeem tuav tau pasyuk (loj grey nas). Nws tuaj yeem ntes tau txog 15 nas nyob rau ib hmo. Tsis tshua muaj cov noog me me, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov noog, nrog rau cov kab loj thiab amphibious. Nas, voles, hamsters, shrews, opossums tuaj yeem siv ua zaub mov. Lawv tuaj yeem ntes tau puav, qav, cov tsiaj reptiles thiab invertebrates. Tus dab ntxwg nyoog tuav tus neeg raug tsim txom ntawm ya mus, rub nws nrog nws cov ntiv tes siab tawv thiab nqa nws mus rau qhov chaw uas nws tuaj yeem ua kev zoo siab rau nws.

Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub mloog pob ntseg tso cai rau tus noog ntes tau txhua lub suab uas tus neeg raug tsim txom ua, uas pab tau nws ntau heev thaum mus yos hav zoov. Nws pob ntseg tsis sib haum: ib tug ntawm lawv yog nyob rau theem ntawm lub qhov ntswg, thiab lwm yam nyob rau hauv lub hauv pliaj.

Tus yam ntxwv lub suab ntawm barn owl

Nws ua rau luag ntxhi ntxhi. Barn owls defiantly flap lawv tis thiab nias lawv beaks. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov no feature ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm involuntarily ntshai cov neeg uas txiav txim siab mus so nyob rau hauv lub silence ntawm lub hav zoov thiab ntsib nrog nws. Ntau lub suab tsim los ntawm tus plas no tau raug sau tseg, tab sis tseem yog qhov hoarse screeching trill uas tuaj yeem hnov thaum nws lub davhlau tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Lub suab hu nkauj hu tau suab qab kawg.

Los ntawm txoj kev, tus noog tau txais nws lub npe Lavxias rau qis, rattling, quaj qw,uas suab zoo li "hehe". Lawv emit nws ntau dua li ib txwm owl hoot. Nws lub suab nrov nrov zoo li hnoos hawb.

barn owl noog
barn owl noog

Nightlife

Nws ya tawm mus yos hav zoov thaum tsaus ntuj thiab yog hmo ntuj nruj heev. Raws li txoj cai, lawv nyob ib leeg, tab sis tuaj yeem pom hauv cov pab pawg me hauv thaj chaw uas muaj kev ua si sib sau. Txij li thaum barn owls nquag nquag thaum hmo ntuj, lawv tsaug zog thaum nruab hnub. Kev pw tsaug zog, lawv xaiv qee yam ntawm niche, ntuj lossis dag - nws tuaj yeem yog lub qhov hauv av lossis lub tsev tsis siv.

Thaum mus yos hav zoov, lawv hloov qhov siab - ces sawv, ces nqis los dua, ya ncig lub tsev. Lawv tseem tuaj yeem tos tus neeg raug tsim txom, nkaum hauv kev tawm tsam. Lawv tis yog tsim nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas lawv lub davhlau yog ntsiag to thiab mos li sai tau, ntxiv rau, lawv muaj kev pom zoo thiab hnov lus. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv ib co cheeb tsam, barn owls yos hav zoov thaum nruab hnub, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv teb chaws Aas Kiv, tab sis nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawm lub hnub muaj ib tug txaus ntshai rau lawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov noog ntawm prey, xws li seagulls.

Tus plas plas tua nws cov tsiaj nrog nws cov claws, ces nqis rau nws nrog ib tug ntev ceg thiab kua muag nws sib nrug nrog nws beak. Nws muaj lub caj dab txawb heev, ua tsaug uas nws tuaj yeem noj cov tsiaj tsis tau khoov dua. Thaum noj mov, cov plaub ntawm lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag txav mus, thiab zoo li tus plas grimace.

Reproduction

Tus owl barn feem ntau yog monogamous, tab sis cov xwm txheej ntawm polygamy kuj tsis suav nrog. Nyob rau hauv ib lub xyoo muaj ib, tsawg dua ob clutches. Thaum pib ntawm lub caij yug me nyuam nyob ntawm, raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hauv climatic tej yam kev mob ntawm cov chaw nyob.thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom noj. Hauv thaj chaw sov thiab qhov chaw muaj zaub mov txaus, lawv tuaj yeem yug me nyuam txhua lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo. Piv txwv li, nyob rau thaj tsam huab cua ntawm Tebchaws Europe lossis North America, qhov no pib thaum Lub Peb Hlis-Lub Rau Hli. Yog tias muaj qhov rov tso dua, tom qab ntawd kev yug me nyuam qaib yuav tshwm sim nyob rau lub sijhawm Lub Peb Hlis-Tsib Hlis thiab Lub Rau Hli-Lub Yim Hli.

barn owl dawb
barn owl dawb

Tus txiv neej nws tus kheej xaiv qhov chaw ze ze, ces pib hu tus poj niam. Yog li ntawd, lub zes tsis tau tsim; qhov chaw kaw thiab tsaus yog xaiv rau qhov no. Qhov no tej zaum yuav yog ib qho chaw so hauv lub qub stump, tsob ntoo hollow thiab lwm yam niches. Tus poj niam koom nrog incubating lub qe, thaum tus txiv neej coj nws cov zaub mov. Lub zes nyob rau ntawm qhov siab ntawm 2-20 meters saum toj no hauv av, lub clutch loj yog feem ntau 4-7 qe, tab sis tuaj yeem yog los ntawm 2 mus rau 14. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv, raws li txoj cai, thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm characterized los ntawm ib tug. kev nplua nuj ntawm zaub mov. Cov qe, uas yog xim dawb los yog xim av, qhov nruab nrab ntawm 30-35 mm.

Thaum lub caij yug me nyuam, noog ua ntau lub suab. Lawv qw shrillly thiab hoarsely, hoot thiab sniff, ua ib tug yam ntxwv "heee" suab. Lub sijhawm so, raws li txoj cai, owls nyob twj ywm. Tus poj niam incubates qe rau txog ib hlis. Cov menyuam yaus ya tawm ntawm lub zes ntawm 50-55 hnub ntawm lub neej.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij neej tsa nyob ua ke mus txog hnub tuag ib leeg. Poj niam thiab txiv neej nyob ze ib leeg, tab sis nyob ib leeg.

Kev coj cwj pwm thaum muaj xwm txheej

Nyob rau hauv lub xeev siab, ib tug zaum barn plas tuav nws lub cev ncaj, thiab yog hais tias tus noog muaj kev txhawj xeeb, nws yuav siv sij hawm hem - nthuav nws paws, kis nws tis nyob rau hauv ib tug kab rov tav dav hlau thiabclings rau hauv av. Thaum nws ntsib tus neeg ua txhaum ntawm nws thaj chaw muaj, nws nquag plam nws tis, los ze zog rau cov yeeb ncuab. Nws nrov nrov thiab snapping nws beak. Yog tias qhov no tsis pab, ces nws tawm tsam cov yeeb ncuab, ntog rau ntawm nws nraub qaum thiab tawm tsam nrog nws cov paws.

Barn owl chicks

Hatched me nyuam qaib yog nyob ntawm lawv niam lawv txiv uas hloov pauv pub rau lawv. Thaum yug los, lawv npog nrog tuab dawb. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim uas nws txias heev, lub barn owl tsis tawm hauv lub zes thiab warms cov me nyuam qaib, uas ua ywj siab kiag li tom qab peb lub hlis. Loj hlob me nyuam qaib ya mus rau qhov chaw tshiab thiab nrhiav lwm thaj chaw rau kev nyob thiab kev yug me nyuam. Ib lub tsev owl tuaj yeem muaj 10 tus menyuam qaib hauv ib lub sijhawm, yog tias muaj kev tso cai, tab sis nyob rau xyoo tshaib plab, raws li txoj cai, yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 4 qe.

Nws tau sau tseg tias tus cwj pwm ntawm lawv cov menyuam qaib yog qhov tsis zoo rau cov noog: lawv qhia altruism, tsis kam noj zaub mov rau cov neeg uas tshaib plab dua lawv. Piv rau lwm cov noog feem ntau, nyob rau hauv uas cov menyuam yaus tau muab cov khoom noj los ntawm ib leeg txhawm rau noj lawv tus kheej, qhov tseeb no yog qhov txaus siab rau cov noog xws li cov noog owl. Daim duab ntawm nws cov menyuam qaib qhia tias lawv zoo li thaum yug los.

Barn owl qaib
Barn owl qaib

Cov niam txiv qhia kev txhawj xeeb txawm tias lawv cov menyuam qaib ya tawm ntawm lub zes: lawv tseem tu thiab pub rau lawv kom txog thaum lawv muaj kev ywj pheej, uas yog, lawv muaj hnub nyoog peb hlis.

Kev xav ntawm tib neeg

Tib neeg ib txwm muaj barn owllub cim ntawm kev txawj ntse, tab sis tib lub sij hawm lawv tau kho tus noog no nrog kev ntshai tsis txaus ntseeg. Tam sim no kev ntseeg tsis ntseeg tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm yav dhau los, thiab ib tus neeg tau nthuav qhia qhov kev txaus siab tiag tiag rau nws. Barn owls instilled ntshai nyob rau hauv tib neeg vim hais tias ntawm ib co ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv: ib tug dawb lub ntsej muag zoo li lub npog ntsej muag, txaus ntshai lub suab, thiab kuj vim hais tias ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm tus noog no ntsiag to ya mus thiab sai sai tshwm nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm ib tug neeg, uas cov neeg hu ua. nws yog dab ntxwg nyoog.

Tus plas plas tsuas yog noj rau nas, yog li no pab tib neeg. Cov neeg tau ntev ntev txaus siab rau kev pab ntawm cov owls nyob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm kab tsuag. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, xws li ib tug xyaum kis tau thaum tshwj xeeb qhov rais tau ua nyob rau hauv lub tsev, barns, mills thiab lwm yam vaj tse los ntawm lub barn owls tuaj yeem nkag mus thiab rhuav tshem cov nas. Yog li ntawd, cov noog tau tag nrho, thiab cov txiaj ntsig tau coj los rau tib neeg.

Yog tias lawv pom ntau tus neeg, lawv pib coj tus cwj pwm zoo heev: lawv nce siab, sway ntawm lawv ko taw nyob rau ntau qhov kev taw qhia thiab tib lub sijhawm qhia txog ntau yam kev tu siab. Yog tias koj tau ze nws heev, ces nws feem ntau ya mus.

Npauj Npaim nyob ntev npaum li cas?

Nyob rau hauv tej yam ntuj tso barn owls tuaj yeem nyob txog 18 xyoo, tab sis qhov no yog qhov siab tshaj plaws. Qhov tseeb, nws hloov tawm tias lawv yeej nyob tsawg heev - lawv lub neej expectancy yog li 2 xyoos. Cov xwm txheej tau sau tseg thaum lub tsev noj mov muaj peev xwm nyob hauv qhov xwm txheej txog li 17 xyoo, nyob rau hauv North America ib tug noog nyob rau hauv captivity tuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 11.5 xyoo, tab sis nyob rau hauv teb chaws Aas Kiv cov ntaub ntawv tau tawg - tus noog nyob rau hauv captivity rau 22 xyoo. xyoo.

barn owl quaj
barn owl quaj

Peb tham txog ib tug noog uas ntxim nyiam xws li cov noog plas, txog nws tus cwj pwm thiab nws yuav pab tau li cas rau tib neeg. Hmoov tsis zoo, vim muaj kev hloov pauv hauv ib puag ncig thiab kev siv tshuaj tua kab hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv Tebchaws Europe, tus naj npawb ntawm barn owls poob qis. Nws kuj tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau cov noog tuag los ntawm kev sib tsoo nrog tsheb ntawm txoj kev. Tam sim no, lub barn owl yog ib tug noog uas tau teev nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm ntau lub teb chaws nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Europe, qhov twg, tsis paub vim li cas, nws cov lej tau poob sai sai hauv kaum xyoo tsis ntev los no.

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