Azov Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve: piav qhia nrog cov duab, tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 08:00

Lub tsev khaws puav pheej Azov paleontological-reserve yog kev txaus siab tiag tiag rau sab qab teb ntawm Russia. Xws li ib tug loj paleontological sau yog tsis nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum ntawm lub teb chaws, thiab nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws cheeb tsam lub tsev cia puav pheej yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Russia. Txhua cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Azov Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve, suav nrog cov sijhawm qhib thiab tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, yog ntxiv rau hauv kab lus no.

Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb

Azov Keeb Kwm, Archaeological thiab Paleontological Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve - qhov no yog lub npe tag nrho ntawm lub koom haum tshwj xeeb no. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Azov (Rostov cheeb tsam). Thaj chaw nyob ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej muaj ntau dua 78,000 m 2, thiab ntau dua 350,000 cov khoom pov thawj ntawm ntau cov lus qhia thiab hnub nyoog pawg nyob hauv 22 chav. Ntawm lawv, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, ntawm chav kawm, yog cov pob txha ntawm cov tsiaj prehistoric. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam riam phom, rooj tog, tais diav, phau ntawv, khaub ncaws thiab ntau ntxiv.

Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Azov Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj 168 tus neeg, 29 ntawm lawv yog cov tuav ntawm ntau tus kws tshawb fawbqib. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus thawj coj yog tuav los ntawm Evgeny Evgenyevich Mamichev, museologist, kws lij choj thiab Deputy Minister ntawm Economic Development ntawm Rostov cheeb tsam.

History of Creation

Azov Keeb Kwm thiab Paleontological Tsev khaws puav pheej tau ntsib peb qhov kev yug. Nws thawj zaug qhib tau tshwm sim rau lub Tsib Hlis 17, 1917. Rau lub hlis dhau los, Azov haiv neeg ntawm kev coj noj coj ua activists "Tib neeg lub koom haum" tau tshaj tawm cov kev sau nyiaj pub dawb uas tuaj yeem ua cov khoom pov thawj ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej keeb kwm hauv zos. Rau rau lub hlis, ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm collections tau sau - qub npib, paintings, engravings thiab lwm yam khoom siv kos duab, stamps, minerals, riam phom thiab cannonballs. Tab sis, alas, qhov kev sau no tsis yog lub hom phiaj los nthuav tawm rau lub sijhawm ntev, txij li thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob, lub tsev khaws puav pheej raug kaw, thiab cov khoom pov thawj tau raug nyiag ib nrab. Dab tsi uas tau tso tseg tau khaws cia los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm qub ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej, thiab xyoo 1937 qhov kev qhib thib ob tau tshaj tawm - twb tau nrog "kev foom koob hmoov" ntawm Pawg Sab Laj. Tab sis lub sij hawm no, lub tsev khaws puav pheej Azov qhib rau ua ntej ntawm kev hloov pauv loj - zoo li keeb kwm nws tus kheej xav los ua ib feem ntawm qhov nthuav tawm. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj hauj lwm ntawm Azov los ntawm fascist invaders, lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau rov puas thiab tag nrho looted. Thaum kawg, nrog rau kev siv zog ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Azov thiab Rostov-on-Don, nws tau txiav txim siab rov qhib lub tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 1960. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1976, tag nrho cov sau tau tsiv mus rau lub tsev ntawm lub qub nroog tsoom fwv, qhov twg nws tseem nyob. Hauv qab no koj tuaj yeem pom daim duab ntawm Azov Tsev khaws puav pheej ua ntej kev txhim kho niaj hnub - qhov no yog qhov nws tau saib thaum qhib xyoo 1976.

Building, inuas tsev lub tsev cia puav pheej

Lub tsev peb-storey hauv eclectic style tau tsim hauv xyoo 1892 rau cov rooj sib tham ntawm cov thawj coj hauv nroog. Tus kws kes duab vajtse yog Fedor Gauzenbaum. Ua ntej lub kiv puag ncig, lub council nyob rau hauv lub thib ob pem teb ntawm lub tsev, nyob rau hauv thawj pem teb muaj ntau lub khw thiab lub nroog bank ntawm cov tub lag luam Dabakhov. Peb pem teb yog npaj rau noj hmo thiab cov khoom. Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, lub tsev tau nyob los ntawm pawg neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg sawv cev; thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog thiab kev ua haujlwm, fascist commandants nyob hauv nws. Tom qab ua tsov ua rog, ob lub tsev ntawm tsoomfwv lub nroog qub tau nyob los ntawm pawg thawj coj hauv nroog, thiab cov khw thiab lub tsev luam ntawv tau qhib rau thawj pem teb, zoo li yav dhau los. Thaum kawg, xyoo 1966, nws tau txiav txim siab hloov lub tsev mus rau lub nroog tsev cia puav pheej. Tau kaum xyoo, kev txhim kho sab hauv tau ua tiav kom haum rau qhov kev nthuav qhia, thiab, raws li tau hais los saum toj no, xyoo 1976 lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau qhib nws lub qhov rooj rau cov neeg tuaj saib.

Xav tsis thoob, lub sijhawm no lub tsev tsis tau hloov pauv sab nraud (tsuas yog kho kom zoo nkauj). Nws tsis raug puas tsuaj txawm tias thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb lossis thaum Tsov Rog Tsov Rog Loj, thiab hauv daim duab saum toj no koj tuaj yeem pom nws hauv daim ntawv qub. Tam sim no, tsuas yog cov xim tau hloov pauv - nws tau txiav txim siab los pleev xim lub tsev khaws puav pheej nrog cov xim ci ntawm neo-Lavxias style, kom lub tsev tam sim ntawd ntes lub qhov muag.

Skeletons thiab seem ntawm cov tsiaj thaum ub

Cov khoom pov thawj tshaj plaws thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm Azov Paleontological Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob hauv cov khoom nthuav tawm hu ua "Traces of Earth Memory" thiab "Neanderthal Safari". Qhov chaw ntawm thawj qhov nthuav tawm yog ib qho tshwj xeeb thiab ib qho ntawm cov pob txha ntawm ib qho dinoterium uas ploj lawmib tug proboscis uas tsis muaj feem xyuam rau niaj hnub ntxhw. Cov khoom pov thawj tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev nthuav tawm thib ob yog lub cev pob txha ntawm Caucasian elasmotherium, ib qho tsiaj uas ploj mus ze rau rhinos. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub paleontological sau los ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej Azov yog cov skeletons ntawm ob steppe mammoths, ib tug steppe beaver, ib tug ancient antelope nrog ntsia hlau horns, Azov giraffe, ib tug ntxhw Gromov thiab ib tug Liventsov nees. Kev tshawb fawb tsis paub txog feem ntau ntawm cov tsiaj no ua ntej lawv pom nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Rostov, uas ua rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej tseem ceeb tsis yog rau Lavxias teb sab archaeology thiab paleontology, tab sis kuj rau lub ntiaj teb no. Ntxiv nrog rau cov khoom pov thawj saum toj no, lub tsev khaws puav pheej khaws cia muaj ntau dua 120 pob txha tsim los ntawm cov pob txha, cov pob txha (cov pob txha), claws thiab cov hniav. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub halls nrog paleontological expositions muaj ntau ntau multimedia exhibits uas tso cai rau koj mus saib tau lub liam peb-dimensional duab ntawm cov tsiaj thaum ub, cov seem uas yog nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej.

Ancient khoom

Ntau yam kev tshawb nrhiav keeb kwm yav dhau los tau nthuav tawm hauv cov lus qhia hauv qab no:

• "Cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm cov nomads ntawm Eurasia."
• "Eneolithic-Bronze Age".
• "Early Iron Age".
• "Eastern Hiav Txwv ntawm Azov los ntawm III txog XIII caug xyoo".
• "Azaka pauv".

Qhov kev nthuav tawm "Cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm cov nomads ntawm Eurasia" muaj ntau dua 18,000 yam khoom kub, nyiaj, iav, tooj liab thiab av nplaum archaeological pom, feem ntau ntawm covtau pom nyob rau hauv lub graves ntawm nomads. Muaj ntau cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub ntawm lawv: txiv neej thiab poj niam, txhua hnub (cov neeg uas tau muab tso rau hauv qhov ntxa rau lub neej tom qab) thiab ntees tuag (ib pawg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub-amulets rau cov neeg tuag). Muaj cov khoom ntawm lub neej ntawm cov tub rog: riam phom, daggers dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, cov ntsiab lus ntawm pab pawg nees thiab cov khaub ncaws. Kuj tseem muaj cov khoom ntawm lub neej niaj hnub ntawm nomads: tsom iav, tais diav, hairpins, combs thiab ntau ntxiv.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov kev nthuav tawm rau hnub nyoog Bronze yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom tau los ntawm ntau Don kurgans. Cov no yog tag nrho cov khoom faus - riam phom, hniav nyiaj hniav kub, khoom siv, nrog rau amulets, amulets, hlab ntsha rau haus luam yeeb, xyab thiab ritual kua.

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm kev nthuav tawm rau Hnub Nyoog Hlau Thaum Ntxov, kuj muaj cov khoom pom hauv faus thiab mounds, tab sis tsis muaj nuj nqis thiab tsis yog tooj liab, tab sis hlau thiab ceramic. Kuj tseem muaj cov khoom siv hauv lub neej niaj hnub ntawm cov neeg nyob puag thaum ub ntawm thaj av Don thiab Azov - tsom iav, hlaws dai thiab qhwv ntsej, tais diav, tswb, whorls, khoom khaub ncaws.

Cov lus qhia hauv qab no suav nrog tag nrho txhiab xyoo ntawm lub neej ntawm Azov haiv neeg txij li thaum pib ntawm kev kav ntawm Golden Horde. Nws tau muab faib ua tsib theem thematic, txhua qhov ua tau zoo raws li qhov dhau los. Qhov kev sau no muaj ntau tshaj 1000 qhov khoom pov thawj sib txawv, ntau yam tshwj xeeb thiab txawm tias yog ib hom. Cov khoom xws li, piv txwv li,St. Hedwig's iav goblet - nws qhov tseeb yog tsim los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Lavxias thiab Askiv. Lub hnub nyoog ntawm lub nkoj tsawg tshaj plaws yog ntau tshaj 800 xyoo, thiab nws yog qhov thib ob pom nyob rau hauv Russia - thawj tus yog khaws cia hauv Hermitage. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov khob no, raws li cov lus dab neeg medieval, cov dej tau hloov mus ua cawv txiv hmab - lawv tau siv rau kev ua koob tsheej thiab kev pabcuam los saum ntuj.

Thiab, thaum kawg, qhov nthuav tawm "Kev Lag Luam Azaka" - nws tau mob siab rau lub nroog qub Azaka thiab lub sijhawm ntawm nws muaj nyob txij li xyoo 13th txog rau xyoo pua 15th. Tag nrho cov khoom uas tau nthuav tawm ntawm no tau muab faib ua tsib ntu - kev lag luam hauv nroog, lub neej ntawm cov tub lag luam, kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev lag luam, coj kev xav paub thiab kev pom txawv teb chaws ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th. Raws li nyob rau hauv yav dhau los expositions, ntau yam khoom los ntawm no sau ntawm Azov Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub zos Lore yog tshwj xeeb thiab tsawg heev.

Historical expositions

Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm tsev neeg nthuav tawm ntawm Azov Tsev khaws puav pheej tau muab faib ua peb chav:

• "Azov thiab Hiav Txwv Azov hauv XV-XVII centuries"
• "Azov fortress nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm Peter lub Great mus rau Barclay de Tolly".
• "Azov thiab Hiav Txwv Azov thaum Tsov Rog Loj Loj".

Lub hauv paus ntawm cov khoom sau no yog cov khoom siv tiag tiag thiab tsim dua tshiab, khoom siv hauv tsev, riam phom, cim. Piv txwv li, thawj ntawm peb lub npe nthuav qhia nthuav tawm tag nrho cov khaub ncaws ntawm cov tub rog, cov khaub ncaws ntawm Cossack tsev neeg thiab kev npaj ntawm lawv lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - keeb kwm ntawm lub conquest ntawm "precious pob zeb", raws li Catherine lub thib ob hu ua Azov. Ntawm no, ntxiv rau cov khoom muaj tseeb, tau nthuav tawmwax cov duab ntawm huab tais, empresses thiab lwm yam nom tswv cov duab, nyob rau hauv costumes thiab sab hauv chaw. Kuj tseem muaj lub rooj sib tham sib tham uas koj tuaj yeem taug qab cov phiaj xwm tub rog ntawm daim duab qhia keeb kwm.

Nws yooj yim los twv seb qhov kev nthuav tawm thib peb yog dab tsi: nws yog qhov sau tiav ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv pom, duab thiab riam phom, nrog rau cov khoom plig, cov khaub ncaws tub rog thiab lwm yam khoom uas qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob. nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Azov thiab Hiav txwv Azov.

Natural zaub

Qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm Azov Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve yog hu ua "Nature of the Lower Don" thiab yog ib qho kev sib txuas ua ke nrog cov lus piav qhia pom txog hav zoov thiab ze dej ntawm thaj av. Ntau tshaj 600 units ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab ntuj sau tau nthuav tawm ntawm no, suav nrog cov qauv cog, cov tsiaj txhu. Qhov kev nthuav qhia kuj suav nrog ntau qhov sib tham sib tham, tso cai rau, piv txwv li, pom cov duab tiag tiag ntawm thaj chaw ntuj lossis hnov lub suab ntawm qee yam tsiaj thiab noog.

Chaw nyob

Qhov chaw nyob ntawm Azov Archaeological Museum-Reserve: lub nroog Azov, Moskovskaya txoj kev, 38/40. Yog tias koj mus los ntawm pej xeem thauj, koj yuav tsum tau tawm ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb "Center". Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob poob, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev taug qab ntawm daim ntawv qhia hauv qab no. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim tsis pom lub tsev zoo nkauj thiab ci ntsa iab ntawm Azov Tsev khaws puav pheej yog qhov me me.

qhib sijhawm

Lub tsev khaws puav pheej npaj tau txais nwscov neeg tuaj xyuas thaum 10:00 txog 18:00 nyob rau txhua hnub ntawm lub lim tiam tshwj tsis yog hnub Monday. Hnub no, koj tuaj yeem npaj ib pab pawg ncig xyuas, tab sis koj yuav tsum tau sau npe ua ntej (tsawg kawg ib lub lis piam ua ntej).

Daim pib nqi

Tus nqi ntawm daim pib mus rau Azov Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lavxias Federation txawv nyob ntawm hnub mus ntsib. Yog li, txij hnub Tuesday txog Friday, kev nkag mus rau cov neeg laus raug nqi 120 rubles, rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 7-18 xyoo - 60 rubles, thiab rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 7 xyoo - 30 rubles. Nyob rau hnub so, cov nqi no hloov mus rau 200, 100 thiab 50 rubles, feem. Cov hnub so tsis yog tsuas yog hnub Saturday thiab hnub Sunday xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj hnub so hauv tebchaws. Excursion service yuav raug nqi 700 rubles.

Visitor reviews

Kev txiav txim siab los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas, ntau tus neeg uas twb tau mus xyuas lub tsev khaws puav pheej no xav tias nws tsis yog tsuas yog lub ntsiab nyiam ntawm lub nroog Azov, tab sis kuj yog ib lub tsev khaws puav pheej tseem ceeb hauv Russia, yuav tsum pom. Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi tsis tsuas yog qhov zoo nkauj thiab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm qhov nthuav tawm (qhov tseeb tias nws tsim nyog rau kev mloog yog meej rau txhua tus), tab sis kuj yog qhov kev pabcuam zoo, kev txawj ntse ntawm cov kws qhia thiab cov lus qhia, thiab qhov tseeb tias lub tsev khaws puav pheej khaws cia nrog cov kev pabcuam zoo. sij hawm. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom pov thawj qub tshaj plaws nrog cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa niaj hnub niaj hnub no tsis muaj ib tus neeg tsis txaus siab.