Cov cim qhia kev sib tw: kev faib tawm

2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:59

Dab tsi yog cov paib tactical? Vim li cas lawv thiaj xav tau? Hauv kab lus no, peb yuav teb cov lus nug no thiab ntau ntxiv. Tactical paib paib yog cov duab nraaj siv los qhia rau hauv daim duab qhia tub rog, daim duab qhia chaw, kev ua thiab cov phiaj xwm ntawm ib tus kheej cov tub rog thiab cov yeeb ncuab, kev tso chaw ntawm cov qauv tiv thaiv, cov cuab yeej siv tub rog, cov kab sib txuas lus, lub hauv paus, cov teeb meem, airfields, logistics cov koom haum thiab Lwm yam.

Plan

Nws paub tias cov cim qhia txog kev siv zog siv rau hauv daim ntawv qhia. Niaj hnub no, npaj kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm battalions thiab coj lawv thaum sib ntaus sib tua, nws nyuaj rau tus thawj coj ua haujlwm hauv av tsis muaj nws.

Daim ntawv qhia nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua (kev ua haujlwm) qhov teeb meem siv los ntawm tus thawj (tus thawj coj) hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hais kom ua thiab tswj cov tub rog yog hu ua nws daim ntawv qhia ua haujlwm. Nws yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tub rog tseem ceeb nrog kev pab los ntawm cov thawj coj tub rog ua haujlwm ua tub rog.

Txhua tus thawj coj yuav tsum ua haujlwm ntawm daim duab npaj, vim tias tom qab ntawd cov haujlwm yuav daws tau sai heev. Ua kom raugdaim ntawv qhia ua haujlwm ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov tub rog ua haujlwm hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem siv tau ntev heev.

Cov cim txheeb ze

Tactical paib yuav tsum paub rau txhua tus thawj coj. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm daim duab qhia chaw ua haujlwm yog sau cov cim, cov ntawv sau thiab cov ntawv luv.

Cov paib tactical thiab cov cwj pwm tshwm sim nrog lawv yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv kev hais kom ua thiab kev tswj hwm, raws li lawv rov tsim dua lub hom phiaj tseeb, uas yog, qhov xwm txheej sib ntaus sib tua. Nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua, kev xa tawm ntawm battalions (areal qhov ntev), tus nqi ntawm cov txhais tau tias thiab quab yuam, lub hom phiaj ntawm maneuvers thiab cov txheej txheem rau kev ua tiav lawv.

Yog li ntawd, thaum ua haujlwm nrog daim ntawv qhia, nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias tom qab txhua lub cim muaj cai muaj ib tus neeg, cov tsheb tub rog ntawm ib tus tub rog thiab cov yeeb ncuab.

Army language

Tactical signs yog hom lus ntawm cov tub rog, raug cai los ntawm cov lus qhia thiab kev sib ntaus sib tua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov tsis meej ntawm lawv txoj kev nkag siab, qhov tseeb ntawm daim ntawv thov. Qhov feem ntau lees txais cov cim ntawm cov cim no tas li hloov zuj zus thiab hloov pauv. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ntuj tsim muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm cov cuab yeej ua tub rog thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm cov koog thiab cov chav nyob ntawm txhua hom dav hlau.

Tactical paib yuav tsum yooj yim thiab meej. Lawv yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov txheej txheem kev siv tau los ua kom ceev cov phiaj xwm ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov ntsiab lus sib txawv, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muab txhais ua ntau yam.

Marking

HowYuav ua li cas ua tub rog tactical kos npe rau hauv daim ntawv qhia? Linear semi-kaw thiab kaw cov cim (txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov tub rog, kab ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw tsis tseeb, ciam teb rau ntau lub hom phiaj, thiab lwm yam) yog kos rau ntawm txoj kev npaj, saib xyuas qhov ntsuas. Raws li qhov no, lawv feem ntau hu ua cov cim ntsuas ntsuas.

Cov cim qhia txog qhov tseeb geometric duab (ib tus neeg tso tsheb hlau luam), nrog rau qee cov paib sib xyaw ua ke uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kab (cov chaw sib txuas lus, cov lus txib, qee cov qauv engineering thiab cov chaw, launchers, thiab lwm yam), uas yog lub hom phiaj taw tes yog hu ua off-scale, uas yog, lawv tau kos rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia yam tsis tau soj ntsuam qhov ntev.

Cov ntsiab lus taw qhia, cim rau ntawm daim duab nrog cov cim zoo sib xws, raug siv kom qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lub cim tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov chaw uas cov khoom nyob hauv thaj chaw. Cov kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom no thaum qhia lub hom phiaj lossis kev taw qhia ntawm daim ntawv qhia yuav tsum muab rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub cim.

Cov lus txib tau kos rau hauv txoj hauv kev uas txoj kab ncaj nraim uas txuas ntxiv ib sab ntawm cov duab geometric teeb tsa nrog nws qis kawg ntawm qhov chaw ntawm thaj chaw uas cov lus txib nyob. Lub tactical kos npe "H alt" zoo ib yam - nws yog kos rau ntawm txoj kev ntawm kev txav ntawm cov tub rog, qhia qhov kev ncua deb ntawm kab pib.

Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias thaum tsiv lossis nce mus rau sab hnub poob (lossis thaum tiv thaiv pem hauv ntej, mus rau sab hnub poob), lub cim CP yuav nyob rau sab xis ntawm txoj kab ntsug qhia nws qhov chaw, thiab rov ua dua.

Apply décor

Image process ondaim duab qhia lossis lwm daim duab duab ntawm qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb lossis tactical yog hu ua "kos qhov xwm txheej", thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm tactical conventional symbols hu ua "tactical conditions".

Daim ntawv thov tag nrho ntawm qhov xwm txheej hais txog tus yeeb ncuab zoo li no:

• infantry, armored, motorized infantry, artillery subunits nrog cov ntsiab lus mus rau phom, platoon;
• muab riam phom ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj nrog cov ntsiab lus mus txog lub foob pob hluav taws xob, rab phom cais;
• hluav taws xob xeev nyob rau hauv tus nqi xav tau rau kev nqis tes ua.

Thov siv qhov xwm txheej ntawm koj cov tub rog:

• hom phiaj los ntawm cov thawj coj loj;
• txoj haujlwm ntawm cov tub rog nrog cov ntsiab lus ob qib hauv qab lawv tus kheej qib (piv txwv li, tus thawj coj tub rog tau kos cov cim ntawm cov tuam txhab thiab cov tub rog).

Cov xim hauv qab no yog siv los qhia qhov xwm txheej:

• basic - xiav, liab, dub;
• auxiliary - ntsuab, xim av, daj.

Kev siv lwm cov xim, nrog rau cov xim ntawm cov xim yooj yim lossis ntxiv xim tsis raug tso cai.

Kawm txoj cai

Tactical kos npe ntawm RF Armed Forces txaus siab rau ntau tus neeg. Txhawm rau kom ua tiav kev kos duab ntawm kev khaws daim npav ua haujlwm, koj yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus pom zoo, cov ntawv sau thiab cov npe. Lawv tau siv los ua kom nrawm nrawm ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm txoj kev npaj thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv sib ntaus sib tua.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub cov ntawv luv no thiab siv lawv kom raug, vim feem ntau ib tsab ntawv sau tsis raug radically hloov lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub cim thiab tuaj yeemdistort cov ntaub ntawv. Piv txwv li, cov lus qhia luv luv muab cov ntawv luv: tr - tank tuam txhab thiab TP - tactical missile.

Yog tias cov cim qhia meej tsis tau npaj los ntawm kev tsim kho thiab cov cai raug siv, lawv qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau piav qhia hauv cov npoo ntawm daim ntawv lossis hauv cov lus dab neeg rau nws.

Tom qab kos npe

Tactical kos npe ntawm Lavxias Federation yuav tsum paub rau txhua tus tub rog. Kawm txog thaj chaw ntawm daim ntawv qhia, nws yog ib txhij suav hais tias yog nyob rau hauv ob txoj kev npaj:

1. Xav txog cov yam ntxwv thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub ntiaj teb nto nws tus kheej raws li nws kab rov tav.
2. Tshawb nrhiav qhov muaj thiab qhov xwm txheej ntawm thaj chaw nyob ntawm nws.

Cov khoom no yog kos rau ntawm daim duab nrog cov cim saum toj kawg nkaus. Tag nrho cov khoom hauv zos uas tau piav qhia hauv daim duab qhia chaw saum toj no tau muab faib ua pawg hauv qab no, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej cov cim txheeb ze:

• settlement;
• av thiab av npog;
• hydrography;
• thaj chaw nyob ib leeg;
• kev sib haum xeeb, kev lag luam thiab kev ua liaj ua teb;
• kev network;
• tswj laj kab thiab ciam teb.

Cov cim txheeb ze tau txais los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm thaj chaw tau qhia hauv cov rooj tshwj xeeb, uas yog ib txwm muaj. Lawv yog cov yuav tsum tau rau tag nrho cov departments thiab ministry ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation uas tsim topographic maps. Rau txhua chav kawm homogeneous ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv zos (piv txwv li, rau txoj kev, txuas hniav, kev sib haum xeeb) muaj ib lub cim uas txiav txim siab yam khoom.

Yog cov khoom nyob sib ze no muajob peb tus qauv qauv, tom qab ntawd cov cim hauv paus yog ib feem ntxiv lossis hloov kho kom pom lawv.

Nyob ntawm cov cim txheeb ze

Cov cim qhia txog kev ua tub rog Lavxias raws li lawv lub hom phiaj thiab cov khoom tau muab faib ua hom hauv qab no:

• scale;
• explanatory;
• off-scale.

ntsuas ntsuas

Yog li, koj twb paub tias qhov kev faib tawm ntawm cov cim tactical yog dab tsi. Daim ntawv qhia (scale) cov cim cov cim siv los cim cov khoom hauv zos, qhov loj ntawm qhov tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm daim ntawv qhia. Piv txwv li, thaj chaw ntawm swamp, thaj chaw, hav zoov.

Txhua tus txheeb ze lub cim yog tsim los ntawm contour - ciam teb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom muab, thiab sau nws nrog cov cim sib xws, hu ua cov cim sau.

Txhua qhov contours ntawm daim duab qhia tau kos raws nraim rau qhov ntsuas thaum tswj lawv qhov zoo sib xws thiab kev taw qhia rau cov silhouettes tiag tiag ntawm thaj chaw. Lawv raug siv los ua ib txoj kab dotted, yog tias lawv tsis sib haum nrog lwm cov kab hauv av (txoj kev, kwj dej, laj kab), uas tau kos nrog lwm cov cim.

Cov paib sab nraud

Dab tsi yog cov cim tseem ceeb, peb twb pom lawm. Dab tsi yog cov cim tsis zoo ntawm qhov ntsuas? Cov no yog cov cim qhia tsim nyog rau delineating cov khoom me me hauv zos uas tsis yog embodied ntawm qhov ntsuas ntawm daim ntawv qhia, cais cov ntsiab lus, qhov dej, lub tsev, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias koj rov tsim cov khoom zoo li no rau ntawm qhov ntsuas, koj yuav tau txais ib qho chaw ntawm daim ntawv qhia.

Tus txheeb ze off-scale cim suav nrog qhov no, raws li nws tau, ua qhov taw qhia,raug xa mus rau qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom, thiab nrog nws daim duab qhia nws cov ntsiab lus.

Muaj qhov tseem ceeb xws li:

• rau cov cim nrog lub kaum sab xis ntawm lub hauv paus - nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub ces kaum;
• cov cim ntawm cov duab sib luag (asterisk, square, voj voog, duab plaub) - hauv nruab nrab ntawm daim duab;
• rau cov cim hauv daim duab nrog lub hauv paus dav - hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv paus;
• rau cov cim uas yog kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau cov duab - hauv nruab nrab ntawm daim duab qis.

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb no yog siv los ntsuas qhov tseeb ntawm daim duab qhia kev deb ntawm cov khoom thiab thaum txuas lawv cov kev tswj hwm.

daim ntawv ntsuas

Cov cim txheeb ze suav nrog cov cim ntawm txoj kev, kwj deg thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv zos, uas tsuas yog qhov ntev qhia hauv qhov ntsuas (dav tsis tuaj yeem ntsuas hauv daim ntawv qhia). Lawv qhov tseeb qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv yog kwv yees los ntawm nruab nrab (longitudinal axis) ntawm daim paib. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov khoom me me hauv zos (cov khoom tsis muaj kev ywj pheej, ntoo, qhov dej, thiab lwm yam) yog siv nrog cov cim tsis zoo, thiab cov loj dua (dej, chaw nyob, thiab lwm yam) - nyob ntawm qhov ntau ntawm daim duab, nrog rau off-scale thiab contour cim.

Cov cim qhia tawm tsis tuaj yeem qhia qhov loj ntawm cov khoom lossis thaj chaw lawv nyob, yog li tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, piv txwv li, ntsuas qhov dav ntawm tus choj ntawm daim ntawv qhia.

piav qhia cov cim

Cov cim piav qhia cov txheeb ze yog siv los qhia ntau yam khoom thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv ntxiv. Piv txwv li, ib tug xub nyob rau hauv ib tug dej qhia tau hais tias cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub ntws, ib tug daim duab ntawm ib tug deciduous los yog coniferous tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hav zoov.- hom ntoo tseem ceeb hauv nws, thiab lwm yam.

Cov cim cim rau kev sib ntaus sib tua

Tactical sign in technology plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev. Txhawm rau paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv cov tsheb tub rog thiab txheeb xyuas lawv cov koom nrog, ib feem, lawv tau piav qhia nrog cov lej thiab cov cim cim.

Cov kos npe tactical ntawm ib feem (kev sib txuas) yog ib daim duab geometric kos nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub xwmfab, lub voj voog, duab plaub, daim duab peb sab, rhombus thiab lwm yam. Tus naj npawb ntawm qhov txawv ntawm cov cim no yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv. Yog li ntawd, niaj hnub no nws tau tso cai kos kab hauv lawv nyob rau hauv ntau cov lus qhia, cov ntawv, cov lej, kos duab ntoo thiab lawv nplooj. Qee zaum ib feem ntawm daim ntawv lo tsuas yog pleev xim rau. Xws li cov cim qhia ntawm chav tsev (chaw) raug xaiv los ntawm tus thawj coj loj thiab hloov pauv ib ntus.

Cov lej siv tau yog tus lej peb tus lej. Rau qee lub sijhawm, tus thawj coj ntawm kev tsim ntawm txhua chav tub rog faib ob peb puas tus lej. Piv txwv li, 200-288 los yog 700-555. Tus thawj coj ntawm pawg tub rog tsim qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tus lej ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua tsheb. Tib lub sijhawm, rau cov cuab yeej sib txawv, kev rov ua dua ntawm tib tus lej raug tso cai.

siv cov paib ntawm cov cuab yeej

Daim ntawv qhia txog kev qhia txog kev kos npe yog kos rau sab laug thiab sab xis ntawm lub tsheb (turret sab) nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm tus txheeb ze tus lej. Vim muaj qhov qhib qhov chaw ntawm ob sab (ntauwd), nws raug tso cai siv nws nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub tsheb tub rog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub conditional tooj.

Nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov, cov cim no yog siv rau cov xim dawb, thiab thaum lub caij ntuj no los yog thaum lub caij ua haujlwm hauv cov suab puam, thaum cov khoom siv tub rog muaj xim camouflage, lawv yog xim dub (liab).

Tus lej ntawm tus lej raug cai yog kos 20-40 cm siab, nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim cov khoom siv tub rog. Lawv qhov dav yog ob feem peb ntawm qhov siab. Qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov cim tactical yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog ob feem peb ntawm qhov siab ntawm tus lej ntawm tus lej txheeb ze, tab sis tsis ntau tshaj lawv. Qhov tuab ntawm cov kab ntawm cov cim no yog sib npaug rau ib feem rau ntawm lawv qhov siab.

Kev xyaum

Hauv thaj chaw uas muaj kev faib tawm tiag tiag thiab qhov kev tawm dag zog tau ua, cov cim kev paub txog kev paub tau raug muab, uas, raws li Txoj Cai, yog cov duab geometric. Txhua chav tau muab ib qho kev kos npe tshwj xeeb, hauv cov lej, ntawv, dots, ntu, kab tau siv, qhia txog ib pab tub rog sib cais ntawm pawg, tub rog.

Txawm hais tias cov kev cai tsis txwv kev kos nplooj hauv cov cim, qhov no tsis tshwm sim hauv kev xyaum. Tom qab kev tawm dag zog, cov duab no tseem nyob ntawm cov cuab yeej siv, tig mus rau hauv cov cim cim mus tas li rau cov tub rog. Feem ntau, lawv tau ua haujlwm ntau xyoo los ntawm kev qhia mus rau kev qhia.

Lub charter yuav tsum tau piav qhia tus lej ntawm ob sab ntawm tus pej thuam (ntawm ob sab) thiab ntawm nws sab nraub qaum (stern ntawm lub tsheb). Tab sis feem ntau nws tsuas yog siv rau qhov hu ua "shooting machines", uas tau siv rau kev cob qhia hauv kev xyaum tua. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias nws nyuaj rau tus thawj coj maneuver yam tsis muaj tus lej txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau ua rau tus thawj coj tsis muaj tus lej nws yog qhov nyuaj rau nrhiav tau los ntawm cov lus txib pej thuam uas lub tsheb twg yog.

Tab sis twb thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog Afghan, nws yuav tsum tau tshem tawm ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam tsis yog tsuas yog cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm Cov Tub Ceev Xwm, Cov Tub Rog Tshwj Xeeb, tab sis kuj yog cov cim zoo tib yam. Hauv Chechen tsov rog, txawm nyob rau hauv dav hlau thiab helicopters, lawv pleev xim rautus lej. Cov xim ci ntsa iab unmask cov cuab yeej thiab pab cov yeeb ncuab paub, tshawb nrhiav thiab tsom mus rau qhov hluav taws kub.