Chudov Monastery. Chudov Monastery nyob rau hauv Kremlin: keeb kwm

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Chudov Monastery. Chudov Monastery nyob rau hauv Kremlin: keeb kwm
Chudov Monastery. Chudov Monastery nyob rau hauv Kremlin: keeb kwm

Video: Chudov Monastery. Chudov Monastery nyob rau hauv Kremlin: keeb kwm

Video: Chudov Monastery. Chudov Monastery nyob rau hauv Kremlin: keeb kwm
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Ntau tus neeg uas tau mus ncig ua si hauv Kremlin yuav tsis xav tias hnub no qhov chaw keeb kwm yuav zoo li txawv kiag li. Qhov tseeb yog tias ob peb lub tuam tsev thiab cov tsev teev ntuj tau raug rhuav tshem ntawm thaj chaw no, suav nrog Ascension thiab Miracles Monastery, Cathedral ntawm tus Cawm Seej ntawm Bor thiab lwm yam keeb kwm monuments.

Miracles Monastery
Miracles Monastery

Tebchaws keeb kwm

Chudov Monastery hauv Kremlin pib tsim lub nroog Moscow Alexy. Rau nws, qhov chaw ntawm lub qub Khan lub tsev hais plaub raug xaiv. Lub sijhawm ntawd, Ambassadors nyob ntawd. Lawv tuaj rau Moscow rau tribute. Qhov chaw no tau txais kev ris txiaj rau qhov tseeb tias Alexy kho tus poj niam Khan Dzhanibek - Taidula los ntawm qhov muag tsis pom kev. Lub Nroog Metropolitan tus kheej tau mus rau Horde los pab tus poj niam tsis muaj hmoo.

Thaum pib, lub Koom Txoos ntawm Archangel Michael tau tsim. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1365. Nov yog ib lub tsev teev ntuj thaum ub hauv Moscow.

Chudov Monastery tom qab ntawd los ua lub npe hu ua Great Lavra (thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th), nyob rau hauv Patriarch Filaret.

Xyoo 1771, muaj kev kub ntxhov tshwm sim hauv Moscow, thaum lub sijhawm ntawdlub monastery tau mercilessly plundered los ntawm lub zos.

Thaum lub sijhawm Lavxias-Fabkis ua tsov rog xyoo 1812, Chudov Monastery, daim duab uas koj pom hauv peb tsab xov xwm, tau nyob los ntawm Fabkis. Ntawm no yog lub hauv paus ntawm Napoleon cov tub rog. Ib chav pw luxurious rau Marshal Davout tau nruab rau hauv lub thaj ntawm lub tuam tsev. Nws tus tsim, Metropolitan Alexy, raug faus rau hauv lub tuam tsev. Nws cov relics tau khaws cia hauv lub tsev teev ntuj kom txog thaum 1686. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau pauv mus rau lub Koom Txoos St. Metropolitan Alexy.

Monastery ntawm Miracles nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin
Monastery ntawm Miracles nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin

Restored lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv 1814. Tus kws kes duab vajtse M. Bykovsky tau ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb rau qhov teeb meem no. Ua tsaug rau nws txoj kev siv zog, lub bronze iconostasis nrog cov Qhov Rooj Dawb Huv loj ua los ntawm cov nyiaj tau tshwm sim hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj hauv keeb kwm ntawm Russia

Chudov Monastery hauv Kremlin tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm Russia tau ntau xyoo. Nyob rau hauv 1382 nws twb ravaged los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Tokhtamysh. Xyoo 1441, Metropolitan Isidore ntawm Moscow raug tso tseg ntawm no, tsis ntev ua ntej nws tau rov qab los ntawm Florentine Cathedral. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Koom Txoos Orthodox Lavxias teb sab, coj los ntawm Isidore, tau kos npe rau ib daim ntawv cog lus ntawm kev taw qhia txog lub union nyob rau hauv Russia. Moscow tsis pom zoo rau qhov kev txiav txim siab no. Isidore raug tso tawm thiab raug kaw hauv lub tsev teev ntuj.

Nyob rau xyoo 1504, ib tug zoo tshaj tawm tsam tawm tsam heresy, Metropolitan Geronty ntawm Novgorod, raug kaw hauv Chudov Monastery. Tib txoj hmoo yeej dhau Txwj Laug Vassian. Nyob rau hauv 1610, Tsar Vasily IV raug rhuav tshem, thiab nyob rau hauv lub monastery nws raug yuam kom tonsured ib tug hauj sam. Thiab ob xyoos tom qab, Patriarch Hermogenes tuag ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis nyob rau hauv lub cell ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Ib tug tsuas tuaj yeem kwv yees ntau npaum li cas Miracles pomlub tsev teev ntuj. Kev thov Vajtswv rau Archangel Michael feem ntau nrov hauv qab nws lub vaults.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub tuam tsev hauv kev kawm

Chudov Monastery tau ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho kev nkag siab hauv tebchaws Russia. Nws ob archimandrites, Adrian thiab Jokim, tau raug xaiv tsa yawg suab. Hierodeacon Timothy tau los ua tus saib xyuas ntawm txhua lub tsev teev ntuj kev coj ua nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Moscow. Qhov no tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm kav ntawm Peter I. Thaum lub Moscow diocese raug txum tim rov qab los nyob rau hauv 1737, lub Department of Moscow npis sov revived nws cov dej num nyob rau hauv lub Miracle Church.

Epiphany Slavinetsky, ib txwm nyob ntawm Kyiv Academy, ua haujlwm ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv 1658, nws txhais "dokhtursky phau ntawv" rau yawg suab. Kuv yuav tsum hais tias nyob rau hauv cov hnub cov ntaub ntawv kho mob yog ib tug tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim, raws li, qhov tseeb, tshuaj nws tus kheej, uas ua hauj lwm tsuas yog cov neeg siab tshaj. Rau nws txoj haujlwm, Epiphanius tau txais txiaj ntsig loj rau lub sijhawm ntawd - 10 rubles. Tsis tas li ntawd, Arseniy Grek kuj tau ua haujlwm ntawm no rau qee lub sijhawm.

Moscow kremlin map
Moscow kremlin map

Kev qhia hauv tsev teev ntuj

Raws li cov kev cai tsim, cov menyuam yaus tau muab rau Chudov Monastery rau kev kawm thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev phem kev phem ntawm cov neeg ntiaj teb. Nkawd nyob tom lub tuam tsev mus txog thaum muaj hnub nyoog kaum rau, ces lawv rov qab mus rau lawv txiv tsev. Raws li cov niaj hnub no, lub tsev teev ntuj saib zoo li lub tsev kawm ntawv rau cov aristocracy dua li lub tsev teev ntuj.

Karion Istomin, tus kws qhia ntawv los ntawm Mev Russia, nyob ntawm no tau ntev. Nyob rau hauv 1662, nws tsim ib tug primer, uas tom qab ntawd nws tau nthuav tawm rau Tsarina Natalya Kirillovna los qhia nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv, Tsarevich Alexei, nyeem thiab sau.

Temple Rise

Nws ntseeg tias Chudov Monastery tau mus txog qhov kawg thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. Tom qab ntawd nws hu ua Great Lavra. Lub sijhawm no, nrog kev txhawb nqa ntawm Patriarch Filaret, lub tsev kawm Greek-Latin tau pib txais nws thawj cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm no. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsars, zoo boyars thiab princes tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub monastery sacristy. Ntawm no yog ib lub tsev qiv ntawv loj, nrog cov qauv tsis muaj nqi ntawm cov phau ntawv qub. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv phau ntawv tso nyiaj hauv tebchaws Russia.

restore tej txuj ci tseem ceeb monastery
restore tej txuj ci tseem ceeb monastery

Lub tsev teev ntuj muaj plaub lub tuam tsev. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th (1501), nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ib tug ancient, tab sis twb dismantled los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawd, lub tuam tsev, lub Cathedral ntawm lub Archangel Michael tau tsa. Lub tsev teev ntuj Alekseevskaya tau tshwm sim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th. Nws hlawv ob peb zaug, tom qab uas nws tau rov ua dua. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm li cas los xij, cov menyuam muaj koob muaj npe tau ua kev cai raus dej rau ntau pua xyoo. Cov me nyuam ntawm Ivan qhov txaus ntshai, Alexei Mikhailovich - yav tom ntej Tsar, Peter kuv, thiab Emperor Alexander II tau ua kev cai raus dej ntawm no. Cov riam phom ntawm cov tub rog Lavxias, raug ntes nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Lavxias teb sab-Persian tsov rog xyoo 1816, dai kom zoo nkauj cov phab ntsa ntawm pawg ntseeg.

Lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Tshaj Tawm tau txuas nrog lub Koom Txoos Alekseevskaya. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1501 thiab rebuilt nyob rau hauv 1826. Lub tsev teev ntuj no muaj lub cim ntawm St. Nicholas tus Wonderworker, muaj kev hwm los ntawm ntau txhiab pawg ntseeg.

Lub tsev teev ntuj me tshaj tau tsim tsa los ntawm tus Thwj Tim Andrew lub Primordial.

miracles monastery yees duab
miracles monastery yees duab

Temple in Soviet times

Xyoo 1917, lub tuam tsev raug puas tsuaj. Tsoom fwv ntawm lub Soviet koom pheej tsiv los ntawm Petrograd mus rauKremlin. Qee lub sij hawm, cov txiv plig tseem nyob hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, tab sis qhov sib thooj ntawd ua rau cov tub ceev xwm tshiab chim siab.

Xyoo 1919 lub tuam tsev raug kaw. Thaum xub thawj, Communist koom tes tau muab tso rau ntawm no thiab tsim chav nyeem ntawv. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau raug xa mus rau qhov chaw txiav txim ntawm Lechsanupra, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm tsoomfwv Soviet thiab lwm cov neeg ua haujlwm siab. Xyoo 1929 Chudov thiab Ascension monasteries raug rhuav tshem. Qhov chaw no yog xav tau rau kev tsim kho lub tsev ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Neeg Ua Haujlwm rau Tub Rog Liab. Lub tsev tsim los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Rerberg.

Lub relics ntawm St. Alexis raug xa mus rau Archangel Cathedral. Nyob rau hauv 1947, raws li qhov kev thov ntawm Alexy kuv, lawv raug xa mus rau lub Yelokhovsky Cathedral, uas lawv so hnub no. Cov cim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau tsiv mus rau Kremlin Armory thiab Tretyakov Gallery.

miracles monastery thov Vajtswv rau tus thawj tubtxib saum ntuj michael
miracles monastery thov Vajtswv rau tus thawj tubtxib saum ntuj michael

Churches thiab tuam tsev ntawm Kremlin, puas tsuaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XX

Hmoov tsis zoo, nyob rau xyoo pua 20th, 17 lub tsev teev ntuj, uas yog cov cim keeb kwm tshwj xeeb, raug rhuav tshem ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Kremlin. Ib daim ntawv qhia qub ntawm Kremlin hauv Moscow thiab infographics ua rau nws pom tau tias ntxiv rau Ascension thiab Chudov monasteries, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Constantine ntawm Podol, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Annunciation, Cathedral ntawm Transfiguration, ib tug stunning monument rau Alexander II. thiab lwm tus tau nyob ntawm thaj chaw no.

Restore Chudov Monastery… Puas ua tau?

Tsis ntev los no nws tau paub tias Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Russia Vladimir Putin tau xaj kom rov kho dua ntawm Ascension thiab Chudov monasteries.

kev tsim kho yuav pib tom qab ua ntejkev khawb av. Niaj hnub no, qhov pom ntawm Ivanovskaya (yav tas los Tsarskaya) Square zoo li paub zoo. Zoo kawg nkaus uas nws ib zaug ntsia lwm yam. Tsuas yog cov duab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th thiab ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm Kremlin nyob rau hauv Moscow muab lub tswv yim ntawm yuav ua li cas luxurious thiab majestic txhua yam ntawm no. Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tuam tsev qub, tam sim no muaj ib lub tsev tsis zoo ntawm lub tsev 14, uas, ntxiv rau, tau kho ntau xyoo.

txuj ci tseem ceeb thiab kev nce qib monasteries
txuj ci tseem ceeb thiab kev nce qib monasteries

Daim duab qhia chaw ntawm Kremlin hauv Moscow, yog tias koj saib daim duab ntawm cov tsev teev ntuj puas (Chudov thiab Voznesensky) ntawm nws, qhia meej tias qhov chaw twg cov tuam tsev puas tsuaj nyob. Ntxiv rau thaj chaw uas 14th Corps tam sim no nyob, lawv tau nyob ntau dua li ib nrab ntawm Ivanovskaya Square (yuav luag rau Tsar Cannon).

qhov project loj

Cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov neeg keeb kwm tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev cia siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm tom ntej. Tsuas yog xya lub frescoes ntawm Chudov Monastery tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj ntawm Tretyakov Gallery, thiab muaj ntau ntau nyob rau hauv lwm lub tsev cia puav pheej. Tsis muaj cov duab kos duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm cov tsev no. Cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov cim tshwj xeeb, ua txuj ci tseem ceeb khaws cia cov duab kos tau muab los ntawm tus poj ntsuam ntawm ib tus kws tshawb fawb mus rau Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Architecture. Nws tus txiv sim sketch thiab ntsuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub monasteries kom ntau li ntau tau. Raws li cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Architecture, siv cov duab kos thiab kos duab, nws muaj peev xwm rov kho dua, yog tias tsis yog tag nrho cov pawg ntseeg, ces lawv lub tsev tseem ceeb, kom paub meej.

Nyob hauv Kremlin, lub tsev qub qub ntawm Kremlin Palace twb tau rov qab los lawm, cov lus dab neeg Liab Liab tau rov tsim dua. Tab sis hais txog qhov rov qab los ntawm qhov poob loj tshaj plaws ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, feem ntau tsis ntev los no, cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tsis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau.txawm npau suav.

miracles monastery
miracles monastery

Kev tsim ib qhov project, khawb, kev tsim kho tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau tshaj kaum xyoo. Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog lub ntsiab lus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub ntsej muag ntawm Kremlin thaum kawg yuav rov qab los.

Pom zoo: