Cov txheej txheem:
- Kev faib tawm
- tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
- Black alder: khoom thiab daim ntawv thov
- Infusion ntawm hauv paus
- Black alder: kev sau qoob loo
- Yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tiav
Video: Black alder: piav qhia thiab yees duab. Alder dub thiab grey
2024 Tus sau: Henry Conors | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-12 07:57
Alder yog tsob ntoo lossis tsob ntoo los ntawm tsev neeg Birch.
Dub alder ntoo (Tebchaws Europe, nplaum) ncav cuag 35 m hauv qhov siab. Cov tawv nqaij ntawm lub cev yog xim av tsaus nrog cov kab nrib pleb.
Nws cov ceg me yog xim av-liab, du, feem ntau nplaum. Cov nplooj yog obovate los yog puag ncig, nrog rau ib qho chaw nyob rau saum. Cov nplooj hluas yog ci heev thiab nplaum. Tsim los ntawm hauv qab no muaj lub teeb ntsuab xim, los ntawm saum toj no - tsaus ntsuab. Muaj paj (pob ntseg) nyob rau hauv ib tug drooping spike-puab inflorescence.
Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog txiv ntoo nrog lub ntsej muag nqaim. Cov bracts ua kom tawv thaum cov txiv ntoo siav, yog li tsim ib lub khob hliav qab, ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm 2 centimeters.
Alder grey (dawb) yog tsob ntoo siab txog 15 m, tsis tshua muaj tsob ntoo. Lub teeb grey bark, nplooj ovate-elliptical los yog ovate, taw rau ntawm lub apex. Cov menyuam yaus tsis muaj glutinous thiab tsis ci; ntxiv - tsaus ntsuab saum toj no nrog cov plaub hau nyias thiab hauv qab - xiav-grey. Inflorescences yog tib yam li cov nplaum alder, cones feem ntau mus txog 1.5 cm nyob rau hauv ntev, ib tug nutlet nrog ib tug ntshiab tis.
Kev faib tawm
Alder grey thiab dub loj hlob nyob rau sab hnub poobAsia, yuav luag txhua qhov chaw nyob rau sab qaum teb Africa thiab hauv Europe. Qhia rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb, thaum nyob hauv North America hauv qee qhov chaw nws txawm ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau ntau hom tsiaj hauv zos. Dub alder, daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no, loj hlob hauv hav zoov, hav zoov-steppe thiab steppe cheeb tsam ntawm European Russia, ntxiv rau - hauv Western Siberia, nrog rau hauv Caucasus. Nyiam thaj av ntub dej.
Alder grey yog dav nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam European ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Nws kuj loj hlob hauv Asia Me, Europe, Western Siberia, Transcaucasia. Tsim cog qoob loo raws ntug dej me me thiab dej ntws.
tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg
Nyob rau hauv nplooj ntawm cov nroj tsuag - txog li 20% protein, mus txog 6% rog, carotene, vitamin C, resin acids, flavonoids. Infructescences muaj ntau cov tannins, suav nrog tannin (2.33%) thiab gallic acid (3.75%). Cov tawv ntoo muaj vitamin PP thiab cov roj tseem ceeb.
Black alder: khoom thiab daim ntawv thov
Alder bark, nplooj thiab cones yog siv rau cov hom phiaj tshuaj. Cov seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag no tau siv dav heev nyob rau yav dhau los hauv cov tshuaj ib txwm siv rau rheumatism, ntau yam mob khaub thuas, gout, thiab lwm yam. Thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, cov voj voog kho mob tau nyiam heev hauv cov alder dub. Lawv tau siv txij li xyoo 1942 los ua tshuaj astringent rau ntau yam kab mob plab, mob plab thiab mob ntev, thiab enteritis.
Dub alder yog siv los ua tshuaj. Decoctions yog tsim los ntawm nws cov cones, dej infusions thiab cawv tinctures yog tsim los ntawm cov tawv ntoo, seedlings thiab nplooj. Lawv siv nyob rau hauv pej xeemthiab cov tshuaj raws li ib tug astringent, anti-inflammatory, qhov txhab kho, antibacterial, anticancer, hemostatic, immunomodulatory agent.
Alder cones (raws li astringent) yog siv nrog serpentine. Ua li no, muab 2 feem ntawm lub khob thiab ib feem ntawm cov serpentine rhizome, brew thiab siv li tshuaj yej.
Black alder, daim duab uas tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm no, paub txog nws cov khoom kho. Txhawm rau npaj ib qho infusion los ntawm nws, koj yuav tsum ncuav 4 g ntawm cones nrog ib khob ntawm boiling dej, tawm mus rau infuse nyob rau hauv ib tug kaw hub rau peb teev, npog nrog ib tug phuam da dej. Tom qab ntawd, lim. Npaj infusion yuav tsum tau noj 4 zaug hauv ib hnub rau ib nrab khob, ua ntej noj mov.
Infusion ntawm hauv paus
Black alder kuj yog siv los ua ib qho infusion ntawm nws cov hauv paus hniav. Ua li no, ncuav 10 g ntawm finely tws raw cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib khob dej kub, boil nyob rau hauv ib tug enameled ntim rau 30 feeb. Lim lub infusion kub, ces dilute nrog dej huv mus rau qhov qub ntim. Koj yuav tsum noj ob diav ua ntej noj mov.
Y Noj 15 g ntawm alder nplooj, ncuav lawv nrog ib khob ntawm dej sov huv si, ces boil rau 20 feeb nyob rau hauv ib da dej. Tom ntej no, lub resulting broth yuav tsum tau txias thiab lim. Tom ntej no - nyem thiab ntxiv dej rau thawj ntim.
Black alder: kev sau qoob loo
Infructescences feem ntau yog sau rau lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg raws li hauv qab no: qhov kawg ntawm cov ceg nyias nyias ntawm tsob ntoo raug txiav tawm nrog pruners, los ntawm lawv dai. Tom qab ntawd tshem tawmbranchy qhov chaw, thaum lub seedlings yog qhuav nyob rau hauv zoo-ventilated, sov chav.
Yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tiav
Cov khoom siv raw muaj cov alder cones paub tab. Lawv yog cov overgrown thiab txhav tsej zoo li cones. Rau feem ntau, lawv muaj cov nplai qhib, ovoid los yog oval-oblong nyob rau hauv cov duab nrog los yog tsis muaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Noob txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum tsis muaj stems los yog nrog lawv cov seem (tsis ntau tshaj ib centimeter nyob rau hauv ntev). Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem sau rau ntawm nyias stalk ua ke hauv ob peb daim. Lawv muaj xws li ib tug ntxhib, tawv pas nrig, raws li zoo raws li ntau heev, nyuaj nplai. Cov nplai yuav tsum yog rau-lobed, thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav tsum flattened, ib- noob. Cov xim ntawm inflorescences yog tsaus xim av los yog xim av. Lub aroma tsis muaj zog, saj yog me ntsis astringent.
Pom zoo:
Hom owls: yees duab thiab piav qhia. Polar thiab snowy owls: cov lus piav qhia ntxaws
Owls yog cov noog uas txawv ntawm qhov seem hauv lawv lub cev thiab kev ua neej. Lawv yog cov feem ntau nocturnal, raws li lawv pom zoo nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj. Ntse claws cia lawv taug qab thiab tam sim tua lawv cov tsiaj. Dab tsi yog hom owls, thiab lawv qhov tshwj xeeb yog dab tsi? Nov yog qhov peb yuav tham txog tam sim no. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tam sim ntawd tias muaj txog 220 hom, tab sis peb yuav xav txog qhov nthuav tshaj plaws ntawm lawv
Black loader (dub russula): duab thiab piav qhia. Hom nceb nceb
Lub caij ntuj sov coj ntau yam surprises rau cov nceb pickers. Feem ntau hauv thaj tsam hav zoov yog nceb los ntawm tsev neeg russula. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav qhia cov neeg nyeem txog cov khoom siv dub, muab cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov fungus, thiab tham txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob. Xav txog dab tsi yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev thauj khoom thiab dab tsi yog hom ntau tshaj plaws ntawm nws pom hauv qhov xwm txheej
Rhinoceros Dub tau tshaj tawm tias tuag lawm? Dub rhinoceros: yees duab, piav qhia
Nyob rau xyoo 2013, African dub rhinoceros tau raug tshaj tawm tias tau tuag lawm. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau sim mus rau qhov kawg los cawm cov pej xeem ntawm cov tsiaj txawv txawv, tab sis hmoov tsis, qhov chaw loj hlob ntawm rhinoceros horn ntawm lub khw dub tau ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm tag nrho cov tsiaj
Tus crane dub nyob qhov twg? Dub crane: duab, piav qhia
Cov noog uas piav hauv kab lus no zoo nkauj thiab tshwj xeeb. Nws daim duab tuaj yeem pom ntawm cov nyiaj npib nyiaj ntawm Bank of Russia. Ib tug zoo nkauj thiab tsis tshua muaj noog yog lub crane dub. Phau Ntawv Liab ntawm Russia muaj no tsawg hom noog nyob rau hauv nws cov npe
Poj niam dub grouse: piav qhia thiab yees duab. Dub grouse thiab grouse
Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav thaum ntxov, thaum daus pib yaj, cov grouse dub pib ua haujlwm ntawm cov npoo. Ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv cov daus dawb, cov txiv neej ntawm no noog sawv tawm raws li ib tug kaj qhov chaw - nrog kaj daim iav plumage thiab liab pob muag. Cov poj niam tsis yog zoo nkauj heev, tab sis ntau ntse thiab inventive tshaj tus txiv neej