Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm cov npe tsim nyog yeej ib txwm nyob hauv tib neeg. Peb txhua tus tsis yeem xav txog keeb kwm ntawm peb tsev neeg tsob ntoo thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub xeem. Txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb keeb kwm thiab kev hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg hauv thaj chaw no tuaj yeem ua rau cov txiaj ntsig tsis xav tau. Yog li, piv txwv li, lub xeem lub npe Khazanov tuaj yeem tig mus rau Khazanovich, Khazanovsky lossis Khazanovuch los ntawm kev tsim txiaj ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus neeg. Nyob ntawm qhov xaus, haiv neeg ntawm tus neeg raug txiav txim, tab sis qhov no tsis yog ib qho qhia tau. Khazanovich tuaj yeem yog Lavxias, Belarusian, lossis Jewish.
Yuav kom nkag siab tias leej twg yog leej twg hauv qhov tseeb, anthroponymy yuav pab - kev tshawb fawb uas sau thiab kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm cov npe tsim nyog. Nws pab kom nkag siab txog lawv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam, qhov twg thiab vim li cas lawv tshwm sim. Lub npe Belarusian thiab lawv cov keeb kwm yog qhov tsis meej pem, txij li thaj av ntawm Belarus txhua lub sijhawm tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm Poles, Russians, Tatars thiab Lithuanians.
Lub sijhawm ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm thawj lub npe ntawm cov tebchaws ntawm Belarus
BelarusianCov npe tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam hauv paus thiab xaus. Anthroponymic tsom xam qhia tau hais tias kab lis kev cai ntawm lub teb chaws tau cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau lub xeev. Lawv tuav thaj av thiab tsim kev txiav txim raws li lawv lub tswv yim. Ib qho kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog lub hwj chim ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Lithuania. Nws hloov tsis tau tsuas yog rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov lus ntawm Belarusians, tab sis kuj pib hu ua noble vaj tse los ntawm lawv cov generic lub npe.
Cov npe pib tshwm nyob rau xyoo 14th - thaum ntxov xyoo pua 15th, lawv cov neeg nqa khoom feem ntau yog boyars, cov neeg siab. Lub npe ntawm genus tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab lus ntawm lwm lub xeev. Muaj ntau lub hauv paus thiab qhov xaus nyob ntawm lub sijhawm thiab cov neeg uas kav tebchaws Belarusian lub sijhawm no.
Nrog cov npe ntawm cov tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe, qhov xwm txheej tau ruaj khov thiab nkag siab ntau dua. Cov no suav nrog cov neeg qub tshaj plaws thiab paub zoo tias Gromyko, Tyshkevich, Iodko lossis Khodkevich. Yeej, qhov kawg -vich / -ich tau ntxiv rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub npe, uas qhia txog lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab keeb kwm ntawm tsev neeg. Cov chav kawm gentry tsis txawv nyob rau hauv tas li nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm lub tsev. Lub xeem tau coj los ntawm lub npe ntawm leej txiv lossis yawg, piv txwv li, Bartosh Fedorovich lossis Olekhnovich. Qhov tseeb nthuav yog qhov hloov ntawm cov npe ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam rau tsev neeg cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Cov neeg peasants kuj tau txais lawv cov npe keeb kwm tom qab cov tswv. Piv txwv li, lub xeem lub npe Belyavsky tshwm sim vim lub npe ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam. Thiab cov tswv-boyars thiab peasants tau hu ua tib yam - Belyavsky. Nws kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim uas ib tsev neeg ntawm serfs muajob peb lub npe. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, lawv lub xeem tau muaj qhov hloov pauv.
18-19 century
Lub sijhawm no, thaj chaw thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov npe ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thiab cov nom tswv tau pib tshwm sim. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm cov pejxeem muaj lub xeem lub npe xaus nyob rau hauv -ovich / -evich / -ich, piv txwv li, Petrovich, Sergeich, Mokhovich. Cov cheeb tsam ntawm cov npe nrov no yog qhov nruab nrab thiab sab hnub poob ntawm thaj av Belarusian. Nws yog lub sijhawm no lub sijhawm uas cov npe tsim nyog tau tsim, lawv kuj suav tias yog qhov qub tshaj plaws. Piv txwv li, lub xeem lub npe Ivashkevich hais txog 18-19 centuries nyob rau hauv nws keeb kwm.
Lub npe tuaj yeem muaj cov hauv paus tob thiab muaj kev sib txuas ncaj qha nrog cov nom tswv. Alexandrovich - lub xeem lub npe uas qhia tsis tau tsuas yog hais txog ntawm ib tug nom tswv tsev neeg, tab sis kuj lub npe ntawm leej txiv ntawm lub tsev - Alexander, lub generic lub npe yog hais txog lub xyoo pua 15th.
Cov npe zoo li no muaj npe raws li Burak lossis Nos muaj cov hauv paus qoob loo. Cov npe txawv txawv tsis raug rau kev sib koom ua ke thiab ntxiv qhov xaus tau txais los ntawm lub sijhawm no.
Russian influence
Lavxias lub xeem, feem ntau xaus rau hauv -ov, pib hnav los ntawm Belarusians vim yog Lavxias teb sab ntxeem tau ntawm thaj av sab hnub tuaj ntawm Belarus. Ib feem ntau Moscow xaus tau ntxiv rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov npe. Yog li ntawd muaj Ivanov, Kozlov, Novikov. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov xaus rau hauv -o tau ntxiv, uas yog ntau dua rau Ukrainians tshaj Russians. Piv txwv li, lub npe zoo Goncharenok hloov mus ua Goncharenko. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov kev hloov zoo sib xws hauv lub npe ntawm generaib txwm tsuas yog rau cov cheeb tsam uas muaj kev cuam tshuam Lavxias - sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tebchaws.
Npaj thiab zoo nkauj lub npe ntawm Belarus
Los ntawm qhov tob ntawm ntau pua xyoo tuaj cov npe nrov tshaj plaws thiab tsis nco qab ntawm Belarusians uas tsis tau hloov pauv thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke. Lawv lub hauv paus chiv keeb yog los ntawm kev nplua nuj kev xav ntawm cov neeg peasants. Feem ntau, cov neeg hu lawv cov genus nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm huab cua phenomena, tsiaj, kab, lub hlis ntawm lub xyoo thiab tib neeg yam ntxwv. Lub npe nrov npe Frost tshwm sim li ntawd. Lub Nose, Windmill, Lub Peb Hlis lossis Beetle tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau tib qeb. Cov no yog cov npe Belarusian ib txwm, tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj.
Npe txiv neej
Nws yog qhov nthuav kom xaiv ib xeem nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws Belarusian, lub hauv paus ntawm cov txiv neej lub npe. Los ntawm lub npe ntawm xeem, nws muaj peev xwm to taub leej twg yog leej txiv thiab leej twg yog tus tub. Yog hais tias nws yog hais txog ib tug tub, qhov kawg -enok/-ik/-chik/-uk/-yuk tau ntxiv rau nws lub npe. Hauv lwm lo lus, piv txwv li, cov npe pib nrog "ik" qhia tias tus neeg yog tus tub ntawm tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe. Cov no suav nrog Mironchik, Ivanchik, Vasilyuk, Aleksyuk. Qhov no yog li cas cov txiv neej lub npe tau tshwm sim, qhia tias yog ib pawg neeg.
Yog ib tsev neeg yooj yim tsuas xav xaiv tus me nyuam los ua tus tub ntawm lawv txiv, ces qhov kawg -enya tau siv. Piv txwv li, Vaselenia yog Vasil tus tub. Cov npe ntawm cov npe ntawm no etymology hnub rov qab mus rau 18th thiab 19th centuries. Lawv pib tshwm sim me ntsis tom qab lub npe nrov Radzevich, Smolenich lossis Tashkevich, yos rov qab mus rau 14th-15th centuries.
Nco lub npe qub qub
Belarusian lub npe txawv ntawm qhov dav dav los ntawm qhov xaus "vich", "ich", "ichi" thiab "ovich". Cov anthroponyms no qhia txog keeb kwm thaum ub thiab feem ntau yog Belarusian keeb kwm, denoting lub pedigree.
- Smolich - Smolich - Smolich.
- Yashkevich - Yashkevichi - Yashkovich.
- YZhdanovich - Zhdanovichi.
- Stojanovic - Stojanovici.
- Lub npe Petrovich - Petrovichi.
Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov npe nrov Belarusian generic npe, lub hauv paus pib ntawm cov hnub rov qab mus rau thaum ntxov xyoo pua 15th. Lawv kev sib sau ua ke tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th. Qhov kev lees paub ntawm cov npe no tau rov qab mus rau qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.
txheej thib ob ntawm cov npe hais txog kev muaj koob meej thiab kev nthuav dav yog hais txog cov npe nrog cov lus xaus "ik", "chik", "uk", "yuk", "enok". Cov no suav nrog:
- Artyamenok (txhua qhov chaw).
- Yazepchik (txhua qhov chaw).
- Mironchik (txhua qhov chaw).
- Mikhalyuk (sab hnub poob ntawm Belarus).
Cov npe no feem ntau qhia tias ib tug neeg yog tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe lossis neeg siab dawb.
Russified thiab txawv lub npe
Qhov thib peb ntawm cov npe sib txawv txhais tau tias qhov xaus "ov", "o". Lawv feem ntau yog nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tebchaws. Lawv zoo ib yam li cov npe Lavxias, tab sis ntau zaus lawv muaj Belarusian hauv paus thiab qia. Piv txwv li, Panov, Kozlov, Popov - cov no tuaj yeem yog Belarusians thiab Russians.
Cov npe pib nrog "hauv" kuj xa mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tebchaws thiab muaj lus Lavxias. Muslims raug ntaus nqi "hauv" rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub npe. Yog li Khabibul ua Khabibulin. Ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws no tau hnyav hnyav raws li Lavxias teb sab.
Tsis muaj tsawg yog cov npe tau los ntawm cov npe ntawm lub zos, vaj tse, tsiaj txhu, hnub so, nroj tsuag, hli xyoo. Cov no suav nrog cov npe zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam xws li:
- Kupala;
- Kalyada;
- Titmouse;
- Beetle;
- Tambourine;
- March;
- Pear.
Tseem muaj kev faib tawm tseem ceeb ntawm cov npe uas piav txog qhov txawv ntawm tus neeg thiab nws tsev neeg tag nrho. Piv txwv li, cov neeg tub nkeeg yuav raug hu ua Lyanutska, tsis nco qab thiab tsis nco qab - Zabudzka.
kev xav tsis thoob tam sim no thiab nkag siab tsis zoo
Belarusian lub xeem, cov npe uas muaj ntau haiv neeg thiab nplua nuj nyob hauv keeb kwm, feem ntau tsis meej pem nrog cov neeg Yudais, Lithuanian thiab txawm tias Latvian sawv daws. Ntau tus paub tseeb tias, piv txwv li, lub npe Abramovich yog cov neeg Yudais nkaus xwb. Tab sis qhov no tsis muaj tseeb kiag li. Thaum lub sij hawm tsim ntawm anthroponyms nyob rau hauv Belarusian av, cov neeg uas coj lub npe Abram los yog Khazan tau ntxiv qhov xaus -ovich los yog -ovichi. Yog li ntawd Abramovichi thiab Khazanovichi tawm tuaj. Feem ntau lub hauv paus ntawm cov npe yog German lossis Jewish hauv qhov xwm txheej. Assimilation tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 14-15 centuries thiab tau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm tsev neeg cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Belarus.
Lwm qhov kev xav tsis zoo yog qhov kev xav tias -wich lub npe los ntawm Lithuanian lossis Polish keeb kwm. Yog hais tias peb piv cov anthroponyms ntawm Latvia, Poland thiab Belarus, ces nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom nrhiav tau ib tug zoo sib xws ntawm lawv. Tsis muaj Senkeviches lossis Zhdanoviches hauv Latvia lossis hauv tebchaws Poland. Cov npe no yog Ameslikas Belarusian. Lithuanian tus thawj tswj hwm thiab lwm yamxeev undoubtedly cuam tshuam lub tsim ntawm generic npe, tab sis tsis qhia lawv tus kheej, thawj lub npe. Nws tseem tuaj yeem hais tias ntau lub npe ntawm Belarusians zoo ib yam li cov neeg Yudais.
Lub hauv paus ntawm cov npe ntawm Belarusian av tau tsim ntau pua xyoo. Nws yog ib txoj kev nthuav thiab muaj sia nyob. Tam sim no cov npe nrov tau dhau los ua qhov kev xav ntawm keeb kwm nplua nuj thiab ntau haiv neeg ntawm Belarus. Cov kab lis kev cai ntau txheej ntawm lub teb chaws, kev txhim kho thiab tsim ntawm uas tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Poles, Lithuanians, Tatars, cov neeg Yudais thiab Russians, tuaj yeem taug qab los ntawm cov npe ntawm tib neeg. Qhov kawg thiab raug lees txais cov npe tsim nyog ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Belarus tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.
