Stiletto ballistic missile: specifications thiab duab

Cov txheej txheem:

Stiletto ballistic missile: specifications thiab duab
Stiletto ballistic missile: specifications thiab duab

Video: Stiletto ballistic missile: specifications thiab duab

Video: Stiletto ballistic missile: specifications thiab duab
Video: A-235 PL-19 Nudol - Russian Anti Ballistic Missile System 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Lub Stiletto missile (SS-19 Stiletto), raws li nws dhau los ntawm NATO kev faib tawm, lossis RS-18 ntawm UR-100N UTTKh chav kawm, raws li nws tau cim hauv peb lub tebchaws, tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov qib siab tshaj plaws. intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) hauv ntiaj teb. Thiab qhov no yog txawm tias qhov tseeb tias nws tau nkag mus rau kev pabcuam nrog Lub Hwj Chim Zoo Tshaj Plaws ntau dua 40 xyoo dhau los…

Chelomey's concept

Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg thaum ntxov xyoo 1969, Central Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering, coj los ntawm V. N. Chelomey, ua ke nrog ceg No. 1 ntawm Central Design Bureau, coj los ntawm V. N. Bugaisky, pib tsim RS-18 Stiletto intercontinental ballistic missile, chav kawm hauv av rau hauv av.

Pib ua haujlwm ntawm qhov project, V. N. Chelomei tau sim ua raws li lub tswv yim, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov foob pob hluav taws uas txhim khu kev qha thiab siv tau zoo, uas tib lub sijhawm yuav muaj tus nqi qis. Xws li ib txoj hauv kev yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce tag nrho cov foob pob hluav taws, uas yuav lav qhov kev tawm tsam tawm tsam thaum muaj kev tawm tsam nuclear los ntawm yuav luag 100%, txij li tus yeeb ncuab tsuas yog tsis tuaj yeem txwv ntau heev.launchers tawg thoob plaws lub tebchaws.

Rocket "Stiletto"
Rocket "Stiletto"

Thawj qhov kev sim foob pob hluav taws ntawm qhov chaw sim Baikonur tau pib thaum lub Plaub Hlis 1973 thiab tau ua tiav thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1975. Thaum kawg ntawm lub Kaum Ob Hlis ntawm tib lub xyoo, RS-18 tau txais los ntawm cov tswv yim rog ntawm USSR.

Kev tsis txaus siab

Tab sis tom qab lub foob pob hluav taws tshiab tau muab tso rau hauv lub luag haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua, ua haujlwm ntawm kev txhim kho nws cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo (UTTH) tau txuas ntxiv mus. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog ib qho teeb meem uas tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm tom ntej lub community launch ntawm Stiletto.

Cov thawj coj ntawm USSR Ministry of Defense tau txiav txim siab hauv kev xyaum los tshuaj xyuas kev ua raws li lub dav hlau foob pob hluav taws tau qhia hauv nws cov yam ntxwv ua tau zoo (10,000 km), txij li txog rau lub sijhawm no RS-18 tau ya tsuas yog 7,500 km. (qhov kev ncua deb ntawm Baikonur mus rau Kamchatka). Lub sijhawm no, Stiletto tau tso rau hauv Dej Hiav Txwv Pacific. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev sim tsis tau xav txog - lub foob pob hluav taws poob ua ntej mus txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm 2000 km.

Kev tshawb nrhiav pom tias qhov ua rau lub caij nplooj zeeg yog nce kev vibration, nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm lub cev ntawm RS-18 raug rhuav tshem. Qhov kev vibration tau tshwm sim tom qab lub foob pob hluav taws ua rau feem ntau ntawm cov roj, uas yog vim li cas nws poob ntau ntau. Qhov xwm txheej no yog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg kiag li. Lub foob pob hluav taws tshiab yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav sai sai.

Upgraded "Stiletto"

Tom qab qhov teeb meem tsis raug tshwm sim, cov neeg tsim qauv yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav lub tsheb, thiab ua tsaug rau cov kev hloov pauv, nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho nws cov kev ua tau zoo. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam:

  • cav,accelerators suav nrog hauv thaiv;
  • control systems;
  • ntawm cov cuab yeej sib sau ua ke uas faib cov tub rog.

Vim li ntawd, qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho Stiletto tsim tau tiav. Tam sim no nws cov yam ntxwv dav hlau txawm tias tau tshaj li cov lus tshaj tawm hauv cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm.

Hauv xyoo 1977, lub voj voog tshiab ntawm kev sim davhlau ntawm qhov twb tau txhim kho RS-18B missile (UR-100N UTTKh) tau pib, uas tau xaus ob xyoos tom qab, thiab thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1980 qhov kev txhim kho Stiletto (RS-18B) kuj yog. tau txais los ntawm Strategic Missile Forces.

Kev xa tawm ntawm ICBM tshiab

Kev xa tawm ntawm qhov tshiab ntawm kev txhim kho cov cuaj luaj txuas ntxiv mus txog xyoo 1984. Lub complex tau nthuav tawm nrog kev hloov ib txhij ntawm "laus" "Stilettos" nrog ib qho tshiab, hloov kho. Los ntawm 1983, tag nrho RS-18 missiles ntawm DB tau hloov los ntawm RS-18B. Nyob rau hauv cov foob pob hluav taws no, cov foob pob hluav taws hauv av nrog kev ntsuas kev ruaj ntseg tau tsim tshwj xeeb. Thawj cov tub rog foob pob hluav taws uas muaj riam phom tshiab ICBMs nkag mus rau DB thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1981. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, thaum kawg ntawm lub deployment ntawm complex, 360 missiles raug xa mus rau tiv thaiv lub teb chaws.

Ballistic missile "Stiletto"
Ballistic missile "Stiletto"

Stiletto missile yam ntxwv

  • Qhov loj ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws thaum tso tawm yog 105 tons 600 kg.
  • Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov pov tseg yog 4 tons 350 kg.
  • Qhov ntev ntawm ICBM yog 24 m 30 cm.
  • Diameter – 2.5 m.
  • Muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam ntawm lub taub hau yog tshaj 10,000 km.
  • Qhov tseeb ntawm kev swb yog 350 meters.
  • Cav - hom kua.
  • Tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nuclear warheads - 3300 kt.

Lub foob pob hluav taws siv ntau lub taub hau (MS) ntawm MIRV hom, uas yog, suav nrog cov blocks nqa lub taub hau, txhua tus tau nruab nrog nws tus kheej txoj kev taw qhia thiab lub peev xwm los hloov qhov kawg ntawm lub hom phiaj tam sim ua ntej. tso tawm. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, rau lub blocks yog ntsia nyob rau hauv lub warhead ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij.

Rocket "Stiletto" yam ntxwv
Rocket "Stiletto" yam ntxwv

Tsis tas li ntawd, "Stiletto" tau nruab nrog txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab foob pob hluav taws.

Stiletto tswj qhov system

Lub Stiletto ballistic missile yog nruab nrog kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm tus kheej (ACS), uas, ua ke nrog hauv av-raws li cov lus txib hauv chaw taws teeb (CP), tas li saib xyuas txhua lub tshuab ntawm ob lub missile nws tus kheej thiab lub launcher. Kev hloov ntawm lub missile mus rau hauv hom kev sib ntaus sib tua yog nqa tawm los ntawm kev hais kom ua ncej.

Ballistic missile RS-18 "Stiletto"
Ballistic missile RS-18 "Stiletto"

RS-18 roj system

Lub Stiletto missile yog nruab nrog "ampouled" roj tso tsheb hlau luam.

Kev siv cov txheej txheem zoo li no tau pab cov neeg ua haujlwm sib ntaus sib tua thaum tshaj tawm "teeb" los ntawm qhov xav tau rov ua lub foob pob hluav taws ua ntej nws tso tawm, uas feem ntau ua rau muaj cov heptyl, uas yog ib qho ntawm cov roj lom ntau tshaj plaws.. Kev tso tawm ntawm vapors ntawm cov khoom no rau hauv cov huab cua hem yam tsawg kawg yog qhov muaj zog lom lom, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws - kev tuag. Txhawm rau tshem tawm cov xwm txheej zoo li no, nrog rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau tua, cov neeg tsim qauv ntawm RS-18 tau rov ua dua lub foob pob hluav taws roj. Nyob rau hauv lub tshiab version, nws refueling yog nqa tawm ncaj qha rauHoobkas nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb ampoules. Ntawd yog, cov foob pob hluav taws tau xa mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv twb tau refueled tag nrho thiab tsis tas yuav refueled kom txog thaum nws raug tshem tawm ntawm lub database thiab sau tawm.

Lub foob pob hluav taws "Stiletto" duab
Lub foob pob hluav taws "Stiletto" duab

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub foob pob hluav taws Stiletto tau muab tso rau hauv lub thawv thauj, uas tseem yog lub foob pob hluav taws. Ntawd yog, lub rooj sib txoos RS-18 tau qis dua rau hauv kuv qhov, ua ke nrog lub thawv. Qhov no tau ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm txhua lub ICBM rau tag nrho lub sijhawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm.

RS-18 propulsion system

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm intercontinental ballistic missile RS-18 "Stiletto" rau nws lub sijhawm yuav zoo suav tias yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv nws, ob theem ntawm lub installation yog structurally ua ke rau hauv ib qho kev thaiv ntawm accelerators.

Roj tso tsheb hlau luam, uas, qhov tseeb, nyob 80% ntawm tag nrho thaj chaw siv tau ntawm lub foob pob hluav taws lub cev, tau hloov mus rau hauv cov khoom thauj khoom. Qhov kev kho dua tshiab no txo qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm Stiletto, ua kom nws sib zog dua.

Hauv lub cev ntawm thawj theem ntawm "Stiletto" muaj plaub lub tshuab ua haujlwm ntawm cov kua hom nrog cov tshuab tig. Ib qho ntawm lub cav thaum lub davhlau yog siv los tswj thiab tswj cov kev teev tseg ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov propulsion system.

Ob lub cav raug teeb tsa rau theem thib ob: kev txhawb nqa thiab kev tswj xyuas.

Lub taub hau (warhead) ntawm intercontinental ballistic missile "Stiletto"

Nyob rau hauv qhov sib cais warhead RS-18, ib chav tsev tau teeb tsa uas muaj cov txheej txheem tswj hwm cov cuab yeej thiab cov txheej txheem propulsion tsim los rau kev sib ntaus sib tua. Ntawd yog, Stiletto missile, lub taub hau uas muaj 6 tus neeg ywj pheejnuclear blocks nrog rau tus kheej lub hom phiaj, nqa tawm lawv cov gradual dumping. Qhov kev tso cai sib txawv ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua los ntawm lub hom phiaj yog 350 meters, uas, suav nrog thaj tsam ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm tus nqi nuclear hnyav 550 kg, tsis ua lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb.

RK UR 100N UTTH

Lub Combat Launch Complex UR 100 N UTTH suav nrog:

  • 10 missiles ntsia hauv silo 15P735 launchers (silos).
  • command post (15V 52U);
  • kho thiab kev tsim kho.

Txhua lub foob pob hluav taws muaj cov phiaj xwm xa tawm roj-dynamic, thaum ua kom nws tawm mus, tawm hauv kev thauj mus los thiab tso lub thawv tso rau hauv kuv, nrog rau cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb. Lub thrust xav tau rau lub community launch yog generated los ntawm lub propulsion system nyob rau hauv thawj theem.

Rocket launch "Stiletto"
Rocket launch "Stiletto"

Nyob hauv kuv li, lub thawv foob pob hluav taws tau ruaj ntseg nrog cov khoom ua haujlwm siab, uas yuav muab kev tiv thaiv ntxiv rau kev teeb tsa thaum muaj kev tawm tsam nuclear. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv Stiletto lub tshuab thiab tsim kom muaj qhov tsim nyog microclimate, kev thauj mus los thiab tso lub thawv nyob rau hauv uas nws nyob yog ntim nrog nitrogen (ib qho roj inert).

Nyob tsis tu ncua, lub foob pob hluav taws yuav raug kuaj xyuas nruab nrab (ib zaug txhua 3 lub hlis), thiab cov cai tseem ceeb ib zaug txhua peb xyoos.

Kev ntseeg siab rau lub neej ntev

Ua tsaug rau kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm Stiletto, tau lees paub los ntawm ntau dua 150 qhov kev tshaj tawm (kev sim thiab kev cob qhia), nws muaj peev xwm nce lub sijhawm lav ntawm RK, uas yog thawj 10xyoo.

Qhov kev txiav txim siab khaws cov pab pawg RS-18 ICBMs hauv kev pabcuam nrog cov tub rog tiv thaiv kom txog rau thaum 2030 tau ua tom qab lwm lub foob pob ua haujlwm tiav thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 2006. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias Stiletto tau pib muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 20 xyoo, qhov no tsis cuam tshuam rau nws txoj kev ua tau zoo.

Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis ntev los no, Russia yuav tawm tag nrho cov theem tshiab rau RS-18 nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 30 daim khaws cia hauv warehouses hauv Ukraine, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm hloov kho Stiletov complexes twb nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov kev hloov tshiab no tau los ua qhov tsis txaus siab rau Russia tus yeeb ncuab muaj peev xwm, uas ntseeg hais tias lub teb chaws txoj kev laus muaj peev xwm nuclear tsis ua rau muaj kev hem thawj uas nws yav dhau los ua rau. Tab sis nws tau pom tias lawv zoo siab thaum ntxov. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm qhov kev sim tom ntej ntawm Stiletto.

Cov kws tshaj lij Asmeskas ntseeg tias RS-18 Stiletto ballistic missile yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis tshaj plaws txij li Tsov Rog Txias. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tau sau tseg tias thaum muaj kev tawm tsam nuclear rau Russia, cov lus teb loj heev nrog SS-19 missiles yuav tshwm sim tom qab peb feeb.

Control launch of "Stiletto"

Lub Kaum Hli 25, 2016, lub foob pob hluav taws Stiletto tau pib hauv Yasnoye. Lub RS-18 tau pib los ntawm ib qho chaw nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm Yasnenskaya faib ntawm lub Strategic Missile Forces (Orenburg cheeb tsam, Yasny), mus rau thaj tsam ntawm lub chaw cob qhia nyob rau hauv Kamchatka. Lub hom phiaj ntawm lub community launch yog los xyuas qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub dav hlau npaj thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij, nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm nws cov kev pab cuam lub neej.

Raws li cov lus tshaj tawm los ntawm kev pabcuam xovxwm ntawm MORF, daim tshev dhauua tiav.

Lub foob pob hluav taws tso "Stiletto" hauv Yasnoye
Lub foob pob hluav taws tso "Stiletto" hauv Yasnoye

Lub Stiletto missile (daim duab ntawm kev tso tawm uas tau hais los ntawm cov tub rog), kom meej meej, tsis muaj kev ua tsis tiav, ua tiav tag nrho cov kev pov thawj. Qhov no yog lwm qhov kev lees paub ntawm kev ntseeg siab ntawm txoj haujlwm, thiab nws lub peev xwm los txuas ntxiv kev sib ntaus sib tua, thaum tswj hwm Russia lub peev xwm tiv thaiv ntawm qib tsim nyog.

Pom zoo: